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21st June 2013, 19:56
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Squalene-from-xtal-3D-vdW-A.png/244px-Squalene-from-xtal-3D-vdW-A.png
How many people on Avalon knew that narcolepsy in humans is exclusively an auto-immune disorder involving destruction of key brain tissues?
This information comes from the November 2012 issue of FORBES financial magazine, the article "Wake Up Call", in the section titled "strategies - pharmaceuticals".
Now, many of you are aware of the FACT that many Merck and GSK vaccines (and vaccines made by other manufacturers) have triggered auto-immunity in recipients leading to severe neurological diseases, including narcolepsy.
In fact, the swine flu vaccines and the Gardasil vaccine have come under scrutiny due to children experiencing severe adverse reactions to these dangerous injections.
What would you say if you realized that the same company that causes the disease, in this case, narcolepsy, is also selling the "cure" in the form of its sleep aids?
Suvorexant, a new drug that "turns off" the orexin neurons in the brain, is such a drug. Orexin receptors constitute a very small and specific part of the brain, associated with the ability to wake from sleep. What could cause auto-immunity to damage this important part of the human brain?
UPDATED: Study links GSK's swine flu vaccine to narcolepsy in adults
May 29, 2013 | By Nick Paul Taylor
Read more: UPDATED: Study links GSK's swine flu vaccine to narcolepsy in adults - FierceVaccines http://www.fiercevaccines.com/story/study-links-gsks-swine-flu-vax-narcolepsy-adults/2013-05-29#ixzz2Wsj63IBz
Subscribe at FierceVaccines
Evidence linking GlaxoSmithKline's ($GSK) swine flu vaccine Pandemrix to heightened risk of narcolepsy has emerged piecemeal over the past few years. It began in 2011 with data linking the vaccine to narcolepsy in kids and has since expanded to suggest adults are at risk too.
The link between Pandemrix and narcolepsy in adults was first made by French researchers. A Swedish paper added to the evidence 6 months later, but both projects had limitations. Now a more comprehensive research project from Finland has identified the link as well. The Finnish research looked at validated pre- and post-vaccination health records for evidence of narcolepsy. A three- to fivefold increase in the risk of developing the disorder was found in vaccinated adults 20 to 64 years old.
From 2009 to 2011, 25 adults developed narcolepsy in Finland, 18 of whom had received GSK's swine flu shot. Almost all of the cases were in people under the age of 40, and none were seen in anyone over the age of 64. The finding suggests that the risk of developing narcolepsy tails off with age. Finnish researchers put the increased risk of narcolepsy in adults at 1/100,000. In children it is 6/100,000. The Finnish National Institute for Health and Welfare thinks these figures may overestimate the risks, though. If vaccinated people sought treatment for narcolepsy sooner, the risk may be lower than currently thought.
Read more: UPDATED: Study links GSK's swine flu vaccine to narcolepsy in adults - FierceVaccines http://www.fiercevaccines.com/story/study-links-gsks-swine-flu-vax-narcolepsy-adults/2013-05-29#ixzz2Wsj4KEZZ
Subscribe at FierceVaccines
http://psychiatry.stanford.edu/narcolepsy/articles/Post-H1N1_Narcolepsy-Cataplexy.pdf
Post-H1N1 Narcolepsy-Cataplexy
Yves Dauvilliers, MD, PhD1
; Jacques Montplaisir, MD, PhD2,3; Valérie Cochen, MD, PhD1
; Alex Desautels, MD2,4; Mali Einen, BA5
; Ling Lin, MD, PhD5
;
Minae Kawashima, PhD5
; Sophie Bayard, PhD1
; Christelle Monaca, MD, PhD6
; Michel Tiberge, MD7
; Daniel Filipini, MD2
; Asit Tripathy, MD8
;
Bich Hong Nguyen, MD1,9; Suresh Kotagal, MD10; Emmanuel Mignot, MD, PhD5
1
National Reference Network for Orphan Diseases (Narcolepsy and Idiopathic Hypersomnia), Department of Neurology, Gui-de-Chauliac Hospital,
INSERM U888 Montpellier, France; 2
Sleep Disorder Center, Sacré-Coeur Hospital, Montréal, Canada; 3
Department of Psychiatry, University of
Montréal, Montréal, Canada; 4
Department of Neurology, University of Montréal, Montréal, Canada; 5
Center for Sleep Sciences and Medicine, Stanford
University, Stanford, CA; 6
Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Roger-Salengro Hospital, Lille, France; 7
Department of Neurology, Rangueil
Hospital, Toulouse, France; 8
Blank Children’s Hospital, Des Moines, IA; 9
Department of Pediatrics, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada;
10Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
NARCOLEPSY-CATAPLEXY, A DISEASE CAUSED BY
THE LOSS OF ~70,000 HYPOCRETIN CELLS IN THE HYPOTHALAMUS AFFECTS ~20 PER 100,000 INDIVIDUALS,
with an incidence of ~ 0.3-0.6 per 100,000 person-years.1,2 Onset is most typically in the teens, and cases with onset before
age 6 or after 40 are rare in Western Europe and North America.
The disease is extremely tightly associated with human leukocyte antigen (HLA) DQB1*06024, so that DQB1*0602 negative cases without documented loss of hypocretin cells, as
measured by cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) hypocretin levels, are exceptional; only 5 such cases have been reported in the literature. The cause of narcolepsy is likely autoimmune based
on the HLA association, association with T-cell receptor polymorphisms,5 and recently reported Tribbles 2 autoantibodies.
As for most autoimmune diseases, twin pairs are most often discordant (65% to 80%), and environmental triggers are suspected to play a critical role.
Most notably, two recent reports have found an association with past streptococcus infections,7,8
leading to the speculation that upper airway infections could be involved in many cases as a cofactor.
The possibility that narcolepsy could be a rare side effect of H1N1 flu vaccination was first reported by the Swedish Medical Product agency in August 2010 (6 cases). Additional cases
(up to 14) were also reported in Finland, potentially linked to Pandemrix vaccination, an H1N1 vaccination formulation containing the adjuvant ASO3. Vaccination has been suspended in
these countries.
In three major centers of reference for narcolepsy
Montpellier, France; Montreal, Canada; and Stanford University,
United States—we noticed in the first months of 2010 an unusual increase in abrupt onset narcolepsy-cataplexy diagnosed within a few months of H1N1 onset. These observations were made independently and first discussed among directors of the
3 centers at a sleep meeting in spring 2010, prior to any media
attention. From September 2008 to August 2009, 9 recent-onset
cases (symptoms of less than one year duration before being
diagnosed) were identified in the 3 centers.
http://therefusers.com/refusers-newsroom/european-cdc-confirms-link-between-narcolepsy-and-glaxos-h1n1-flu-vaccine/
European CDC confirms link between narcolepsy and Glaxo’s H1N1 flu vaccine
Posted on September 21, 2012 by The Refusers
MB Comment: Now it’s official. The European version of the CDC (Centers for Disease Control) confirms that Glaxo’s H1N1 flu vaccine causes Narcolepsy. Narcolepsy is a neurological disorder that affects the control of sleep, characterized by uncontrollable episodes of falling asleep during the daytime. The National Institute of Health (NIH) says narcolepsy is possibly an autoimmune disorder. These definitions are consistent with the medical textbook definition of a vaccine adverse reaction: ‘A virus or vaccine triggers a reaction that makes the immune system attack brain tissue (an autoimmune reaction).
The culprit in this instance may be Glaxo’s infamous AS03 adjuvant (Squalene 10.69 milligrams/0.5mL dose, Polysorbate 80 4.86 milligrams/0.5mL dose). Adjuvants are contaminated materials deliberately added to vaccines to boost immune response.
Narcolepsy after H1N1 vaccination has also been reported in the US and Canada. But don’t hold your breath waiting for the US CDC to acknowledge this narcolepsy/vaccination relationship, as its European counterpart has. The US CDC is absolutely compromised by its tight relationship with the US vaccine industry, which is best illustrated by the fact that the former chief of the CDC (Julie Gerberding) is now head of Merck’s vaccine division. Merck is the largest US vaccine manufacturer.
What is an adjuvant?
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immunologic_adjuvant
In immunology, an adjuvant is a component that potentiates the immune responses to an antigen and/or modulates it towards the desired immune responses.[1] The word “adjuvant” comes from the Latin word adiuvare, meaning to help or aid.[2] "An immunologic adjuvant is defined as any substance that acts to accelerate, prolong, or enhance antigen-specific immune responses when used in combination with specific vaccine antigens."[3]
Adjuvants have been whimsically called the dirty little secret of vaccines[4] in the scientific community. This dates from the early days of commercial vaccine manufacture, when significant variations in the effectiveness of different batches of the same vaccine were observed, correctly assumed to be due to contamination of the reaction vessels. However, it was soon found that more scrupulous attention to cleanliness actually seemed to reduce the effectiveness of the vaccines, and that the contaminants – "dirt" – actually enhanced the immune response. There are many known adjuvants in widespread use, including oils, aluminium salts, and virosomes.
What is Squalene?
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Squalene
Squalene is a natural organic compound originally obtained for commercial purposes primarily from shark liver oil, though plant sources (primarily vegetable oils) are used as well, including amaranth seed, rice bran, wheat germ, and olives. All plants and animals produce squalene, including humans. Squalene has been proposed to be an important part of the Mediterranean diet as it may be a chemopreventive substance that protects people from cancer.[3][4] It is also found in the stomach oil of birds in the order Procellariiformes.
Squalene is a hydrocarbon and a triterpene, and is a natural and vital part of the synthesis of cholesterol, steroid hormones, and vitamin D in the human body.[5] Squalene is used in cosmetics, and more recently as an immunologic adjuvant in vaccines.
There have been attempts to link squalene to Gulf War Syndrome mainly due to the idea that squalene might have been present in an anthrax vaccine given to some military personnel during the 1991 Persian Gulf War. Studies led by Pam Asa of Tulane University found that deployed Persian Gulf War Syndrome patients are significantly more likely to have antibodies to squalene (95 percent) than asymptomatic Gulf War veterans (0 percent; p<.001);.[18][19] The first of these published results concludes with the following statement: "It is important to note that our laboratory-based investigations do not establish that squalene was added as adjuvant to any vaccine used in military or other personnel who served in the Persian Gulf War era."
What is narcolepsy?
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narcolepsy
Narcolepsy is a chronic neurological disorder caused by the brain's inability to regulate sleep-wake cycles normally. It often begins mildly and progresses over a period of time until it reaches full manifestation.[1] People with narcolepsy often experience disturbed nocturnal sleep and an abnormal daytime sleep pattern, which often is confused with insomnia. Narcoleptics, when falling asleep, generally experience the REM stage of sleep within 5 minutes, while most people do not experience REM sleep until an hour or so later.[2] REM sleep is where most dreams occur.
One of the many problems that some narcoleptics experience is cataplexy, a sudden muscular weakness brought on by strong emotions (though many people experience cataplexy without having an emotional trigger).[3] It often manifests as muscular weaknesses ranging from a barely perceptible slackening of the facial muscles to the dropping of the jaw or head, weakness at the knees (often referred to as "knee buckling[4]"), or a total collapse. Usually speech is slurred and vision is impaired (double vision, inability to focus), but hearing and awareness remain normal. In some rare cases, an individual's body becomes paralyzed and muscles become limp (loss of muscle tone). Cataplexy also has a severe emotional impact on narcoleptics, as it can cause extreme anxiety, fear, and avoidance of people or situations that might elicit an attack. Some narcolepsy affected persons also experience heightened senses of taste and smell.
Narcolepsy is a neurological sleep disorder. It is not caused by mental illness or psychological problems. It is most likely affected by a number of genetic mutations and abnormalities that affect specific biologic factors in the brain, combined with an environmental trigger during the brain's development, such as a virus.[5]
The term narcolepsy derives from the French word narcolepsie created by the French physician Jean-Baptiste-Édouard Gélineau by combining the Greek νάρκη (narkē, "numbness" or "stupor"),[6][7] and λῆψις (lepsis), "attack" or "seizure".[8]
How many people on Avalon knew that narcolepsy in humans is exclusively an auto-immune disorder involving destruction of key brain tissues?
This information comes from the November 2012 issue of FORBES financial magazine, the article "Wake Up Call", in the section titled "strategies - pharmaceuticals".
Now, many of you are aware of the FACT that many Merck and GSK vaccines (and vaccines made by other manufacturers) have triggered auto-immunity in recipients leading to severe neurological diseases, including narcolepsy.
In fact, the swine flu vaccines and the Gardasil vaccine have come under scrutiny due to children experiencing severe adverse reactions to these dangerous injections.
What would you say if you realized that the same company that causes the disease, in this case, narcolepsy, is also selling the "cure" in the form of its sleep aids?
Suvorexant, a new drug that "turns off" the orexin neurons in the brain, is such a drug. Orexin receptors constitute a very small and specific part of the brain, associated with the ability to wake from sleep. What could cause auto-immunity to damage this important part of the human brain?
UPDATED: Study links GSK's swine flu vaccine to narcolepsy in adults
May 29, 2013 | By Nick Paul Taylor
Read more: UPDATED: Study links GSK's swine flu vaccine to narcolepsy in adults - FierceVaccines http://www.fiercevaccines.com/story/study-links-gsks-swine-flu-vax-narcolepsy-adults/2013-05-29#ixzz2Wsj63IBz
Subscribe at FierceVaccines
Evidence linking GlaxoSmithKline's ($GSK) swine flu vaccine Pandemrix to heightened risk of narcolepsy has emerged piecemeal over the past few years. It began in 2011 with data linking the vaccine to narcolepsy in kids and has since expanded to suggest adults are at risk too.
The link between Pandemrix and narcolepsy in adults was first made by French researchers. A Swedish paper added to the evidence 6 months later, but both projects had limitations. Now a more comprehensive research project from Finland has identified the link as well. The Finnish research looked at validated pre- and post-vaccination health records for evidence of narcolepsy. A three- to fivefold increase in the risk of developing the disorder was found in vaccinated adults 20 to 64 years old.
From 2009 to 2011, 25 adults developed narcolepsy in Finland, 18 of whom had received GSK's swine flu shot. Almost all of the cases were in people under the age of 40, and none were seen in anyone over the age of 64. The finding suggests that the risk of developing narcolepsy tails off with age. Finnish researchers put the increased risk of narcolepsy in adults at 1/100,000. In children it is 6/100,000. The Finnish National Institute for Health and Welfare thinks these figures may overestimate the risks, though. If vaccinated people sought treatment for narcolepsy sooner, the risk may be lower than currently thought.
Read more: UPDATED: Study links GSK's swine flu vaccine to narcolepsy in adults - FierceVaccines http://www.fiercevaccines.com/story/study-links-gsks-swine-flu-vax-narcolepsy-adults/2013-05-29#ixzz2Wsj4KEZZ
Subscribe at FierceVaccines
http://psychiatry.stanford.edu/narcolepsy/articles/Post-H1N1_Narcolepsy-Cataplexy.pdf
Post-H1N1 Narcolepsy-Cataplexy
Yves Dauvilliers, MD, PhD1
; Jacques Montplaisir, MD, PhD2,3; Valérie Cochen, MD, PhD1
; Alex Desautels, MD2,4; Mali Einen, BA5
; Ling Lin, MD, PhD5
;
Minae Kawashima, PhD5
; Sophie Bayard, PhD1
; Christelle Monaca, MD, PhD6
; Michel Tiberge, MD7
; Daniel Filipini, MD2
; Asit Tripathy, MD8
;
Bich Hong Nguyen, MD1,9; Suresh Kotagal, MD10; Emmanuel Mignot, MD, PhD5
1
National Reference Network for Orphan Diseases (Narcolepsy and Idiopathic Hypersomnia), Department of Neurology, Gui-de-Chauliac Hospital,
INSERM U888 Montpellier, France; 2
Sleep Disorder Center, Sacré-Coeur Hospital, Montréal, Canada; 3
Department of Psychiatry, University of
Montréal, Montréal, Canada; 4
Department of Neurology, University of Montréal, Montréal, Canada; 5
Center for Sleep Sciences and Medicine, Stanford
University, Stanford, CA; 6
Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Roger-Salengro Hospital, Lille, France; 7
Department of Neurology, Rangueil
Hospital, Toulouse, France; 8
Blank Children’s Hospital, Des Moines, IA; 9
Department of Pediatrics, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada;
10Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
NARCOLEPSY-CATAPLEXY, A DISEASE CAUSED BY
THE LOSS OF ~70,000 HYPOCRETIN CELLS IN THE HYPOTHALAMUS AFFECTS ~20 PER 100,000 INDIVIDUALS,
with an incidence of ~ 0.3-0.6 per 100,000 person-years.1,2 Onset is most typically in the teens, and cases with onset before
age 6 or after 40 are rare in Western Europe and North America.
The disease is extremely tightly associated with human leukocyte antigen (HLA) DQB1*06024, so that DQB1*0602 negative cases without documented loss of hypocretin cells, as
measured by cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) hypocretin levels, are exceptional; only 5 such cases have been reported in the literature. The cause of narcolepsy is likely autoimmune based
on the HLA association, association with T-cell receptor polymorphisms,5 and recently reported Tribbles 2 autoantibodies.
As for most autoimmune diseases, twin pairs are most often discordant (65% to 80%), and environmental triggers are suspected to play a critical role.
Most notably, two recent reports have found an association with past streptococcus infections,7,8
leading to the speculation that upper airway infections could be involved in many cases as a cofactor.
The possibility that narcolepsy could be a rare side effect of H1N1 flu vaccination was first reported by the Swedish Medical Product agency in August 2010 (6 cases). Additional cases
(up to 14) were also reported in Finland, potentially linked to Pandemrix vaccination, an H1N1 vaccination formulation containing the adjuvant ASO3. Vaccination has been suspended in
these countries.
In three major centers of reference for narcolepsy
Montpellier, France; Montreal, Canada; and Stanford University,
United States—we noticed in the first months of 2010 an unusual increase in abrupt onset narcolepsy-cataplexy diagnosed within a few months of H1N1 onset. These observations were made independently and first discussed among directors of the
3 centers at a sleep meeting in spring 2010, prior to any media
attention. From September 2008 to August 2009, 9 recent-onset
cases (symptoms of less than one year duration before being
diagnosed) were identified in the 3 centers.
http://therefusers.com/refusers-newsroom/european-cdc-confirms-link-between-narcolepsy-and-glaxos-h1n1-flu-vaccine/
European CDC confirms link between narcolepsy and Glaxo’s H1N1 flu vaccine
Posted on September 21, 2012 by The Refusers
MB Comment: Now it’s official. The European version of the CDC (Centers for Disease Control) confirms that Glaxo’s H1N1 flu vaccine causes Narcolepsy. Narcolepsy is a neurological disorder that affects the control of sleep, characterized by uncontrollable episodes of falling asleep during the daytime. The National Institute of Health (NIH) says narcolepsy is possibly an autoimmune disorder. These definitions are consistent with the medical textbook definition of a vaccine adverse reaction: ‘A virus or vaccine triggers a reaction that makes the immune system attack brain tissue (an autoimmune reaction).
The culprit in this instance may be Glaxo’s infamous AS03 adjuvant (Squalene 10.69 milligrams/0.5mL dose, Polysorbate 80 4.86 milligrams/0.5mL dose). Adjuvants are contaminated materials deliberately added to vaccines to boost immune response.
Narcolepsy after H1N1 vaccination has also been reported in the US and Canada. But don’t hold your breath waiting for the US CDC to acknowledge this narcolepsy/vaccination relationship, as its European counterpart has. The US CDC is absolutely compromised by its tight relationship with the US vaccine industry, which is best illustrated by the fact that the former chief of the CDC (Julie Gerberding) is now head of Merck’s vaccine division. Merck is the largest US vaccine manufacturer.
What is an adjuvant?
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immunologic_adjuvant
In immunology, an adjuvant is a component that potentiates the immune responses to an antigen and/or modulates it towards the desired immune responses.[1] The word “adjuvant” comes from the Latin word adiuvare, meaning to help or aid.[2] "An immunologic adjuvant is defined as any substance that acts to accelerate, prolong, or enhance antigen-specific immune responses when used in combination with specific vaccine antigens."[3]
Adjuvants have been whimsically called the dirty little secret of vaccines[4] in the scientific community. This dates from the early days of commercial vaccine manufacture, when significant variations in the effectiveness of different batches of the same vaccine were observed, correctly assumed to be due to contamination of the reaction vessels. However, it was soon found that more scrupulous attention to cleanliness actually seemed to reduce the effectiveness of the vaccines, and that the contaminants – "dirt" – actually enhanced the immune response. There are many known adjuvants in widespread use, including oils, aluminium salts, and virosomes.
What is Squalene?
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Squalene
Squalene is a natural organic compound originally obtained for commercial purposes primarily from shark liver oil, though plant sources (primarily vegetable oils) are used as well, including amaranth seed, rice bran, wheat germ, and olives. All plants and animals produce squalene, including humans. Squalene has been proposed to be an important part of the Mediterranean diet as it may be a chemopreventive substance that protects people from cancer.[3][4] It is also found in the stomach oil of birds in the order Procellariiformes.
Squalene is a hydrocarbon and a triterpene, and is a natural and vital part of the synthesis of cholesterol, steroid hormones, and vitamin D in the human body.[5] Squalene is used in cosmetics, and more recently as an immunologic adjuvant in vaccines.
There have been attempts to link squalene to Gulf War Syndrome mainly due to the idea that squalene might have been present in an anthrax vaccine given to some military personnel during the 1991 Persian Gulf War. Studies led by Pam Asa of Tulane University found that deployed Persian Gulf War Syndrome patients are significantly more likely to have antibodies to squalene (95 percent) than asymptomatic Gulf War veterans (0 percent; p<.001);.[18][19] The first of these published results concludes with the following statement: "It is important to note that our laboratory-based investigations do not establish that squalene was added as adjuvant to any vaccine used in military or other personnel who served in the Persian Gulf War era."
What is narcolepsy?
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narcolepsy
Narcolepsy is a chronic neurological disorder caused by the brain's inability to regulate sleep-wake cycles normally. It often begins mildly and progresses over a period of time until it reaches full manifestation.[1] People with narcolepsy often experience disturbed nocturnal sleep and an abnormal daytime sleep pattern, which often is confused with insomnia. Narcoleptics, when falling asleep, generally experience the REM stage of sleep within 5 minutes, while most people do not experience REM sleep until an hour or so later.[2] REM sleep is where most dreams occur.
One of the many problems that some narcoleptics experience is cataplexy, a sudden muscular weakness brought on by strong emotions (though many people experience cataplexy without having an emotional trigger).[3] It often manifests as muscular weaknesses ranging from a barely perceptible slackening of the facial muscles to the dropping of the jaw or head, weakness at the knees (often referred to as "knee buckling[4]"), or a total collapse. Usually speech is slurred and vision is impaired (double vision, inability to focus), but hearing and awareness remain normal. In some rare cases, an individual's body becomes paralyzed and muscles become limp (loss of muscle tone). Cataplexy also has a severe emotional impact on narcoleptics, as it can cause extreme anxiety, fear, and avoidance of people or situations that might elicit an attack. Some narcolepsy affected persons also experience heightened senses of taste and smell.
Narcolepsy is a neurological sleep disorder. It is not caused by mental illness or psychological problems. It is most likely affected by a number of genetic mutations and abnormalities that affect specific biologic factors in the brain, combined with an environmental trigger during the brain's development, such as a virus.[5]
The term narcolepsy derives from the French word narcolepsie created by the French physician Jean-Baptiste-Édouard Gélineau by combining the Greek νάρκη (narkē, "numbness" or "stupor"),[6][7] and λῆψις (lepsis), "attack" or "seizure".[8]