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Thread: Handheld Scanner has unique use(s)

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    Lightbulb Handheld Scanner has unique use(s)

    A "scanner" has been developed in Japan designed to be used on COWS.

    It is designed to look at the difference between fat and muscle.

    The machine can be used to see if steak has enough marbling to make it juicy..

    Marbled steak cooked properly in Japan is highly sought after.

    Cost?

    "While there isn’t a timeframe for commercialization of the product yet, Mr. Nakashima projected that it could be ready in a couple of years, and for a price of ¥20 million ($166,000) to ¥40 million once the institute finds a partner company to build the machine."

    What else could such a device be good for?

    Non-invasively detecting PROSTATE CANCER:

    http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24172787

    ADC mapping is the most effective standard MR imaging tool for detecting prostate cancer.

    What technique is used?

    Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging.

    Reference for the tool to be used on Cattle:

    http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25937706

    Quote Abstract
    Non-invasive in vivo marbling quantification helps owners to choose the optimum nutritional management for growing cattle and buyers to more precisely evaluate grown cattle at auctions.

    When using time-domain proton nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) relaxometry, it is possible to quantify muscle and fat separately by taking advantage of the difference in the spin-spin relaxation time (T2) between water molecules in muscles and fat molecules, which would contribute to the non-invasive and objective determination of marbling scores.

    With this in mind, we developed a prototype NMR scanner (4.1 MHz for protons) using an original single-sided magnetic circuit and a plane radio frequency (RF) coil for use in the non-invasive quantification of water and fat in live cattle.

    The sensed region of the developed scanner is compact and almost cubical (19 × 19 × 16 mm3) while the investigation depth (the distance from the RF coil to the center of the sensed region) has been lengthened to 30 mm, which is sufficient for the in vivo trapezius muscle measurement of live cattle.

    What else could such a scanner be used for? Tumor detection? Myleoma? Deep tissue aneurysm?

    ==THREAD POST CLARIFICATION==

    This thread is not for discussing COWS, different types of bovines, or how to make massaged meat. IT is NOT about VEGAN discussions, nor is it about using a magnetic wand metal detector to check somebody's anatomy.

    The discussion is about a hand held scanner, using the MR system. Which is a high resolution imaging system when the appropriate imaging techniques are used.
    Last edited by Bob; 6th June 2015 at 21:41.

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    Default Re: Handheld Scanner has unique use(s)

    When I was in Japan in the 1970's Kobe beef cattle were hand massaged to get the perfect marbling!!! In a restaurant you ordered steak by the ounce because it was so expensive. It was very good.

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    Default Re: Handheld Scanner has unique use(s)

    Quote When I was in Japan in the 1970's Kobe beef cattle were hand massaged to get the
    perfect marbling!!! In a restaurant you ordered steak by the ounce because it was so expensive.
    It was very good.
    I remember seeing that in an old doc , a beer and massage for the cattle before .......Yes Dinner !!


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    Default Re: Handheld Scanner has unique use(s)

    grannyfranny100 asked the question and back to the OP, the hand held Magnetic Resonance system, in short similar to a MRI, but PORTABLE..

    BODY scanner as was mentioned in the OP:

    What else could such a MR scanner be used for?
    • Tumor detection?
    • Myleoma?
    • Deep tissue aneurysm?

    The op already mentions Prostate Cancer detection. We can get into that later in the thread.

    A metal detector is not a MR (Magneto resonant) scanner.

    The use of the MR scanner to evaluate Muscular Dystrophy is very important. We will get into that later in the thread.
    Last edited by Bob; 30th May 2015 at 21:41.

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    Default Re: Handheld Scanner has unique use(s)

    What type of detail is available with a MR (I) - magnetic resonance imaging technique?

    For instance -

    Looking at the spinal cord for compression or injury -


    note where the arrows are which shows where the injury(s) are..

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    Default Re: Handheld Scanner has unique use(s)

    This is the size of a FULL SIZED MRI system - a HAND HELD system would be a fantastic breakthrough.. Millions of $$ are spent on the full sized systems, which are complicated, heavy, energy consuming..

    The poo poo'ing the development of such portable systems dishonors the people needing assistance. People have looked for PAYING uses to pay for research development which would otherwise NOT be paid for.. Japan's use of MRI hand-held on a very high profit return on investment project pays for research which would otherwise not be accomplished. Connect the dots - it has to be paid for somehow..



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    Default Re: Handheld Scanner has unique use(s)

    Muscle wasting diseases - For instance in space, muscle mass changes, water/fat/muscle changes due to weightless conditions.


    http://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/healt...ses_85,P00792/

    Muscular Dystrophy - Muscle wasting disease

    Muscular dystrophy is a group of inherited diseases that are characterized by weakness and wasting away of muscle tissue, with or without the breakdown of nerve tissue. There are nine types of muscular dystrophy, with each type involving an eventual loss of strength, increasing disability, and possible deformity.

    The most well known of the muscular dystrophies is Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), followed by Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD).

    Hand held monitoring can show WHERE such may be happening.

    Is it possible to develop a TREATMENT with the concept of MR I scanners operated in reverse? Magneto-resonant STIMULATION ? POSSIBLY..

    Treatments of muscle atrophy diseases or weaknesses or further degenerations could only be monitored for by such equipment, rapidly and safely..
    Last edited by Bob; 30th May 2015 at 17:46.

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    Default Re: Handheld Scanner has unique use(s)

    What is the MR technique?


    One could call it a Molecular Emission Scanner system and be accurate. Here is why.

    Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an imaging technique used primarily in medical settings to produce high quality images of the inside of the human body. MRI is based on the principles of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), a spectroscopic technique used by scientists to obtain microscopic chemical and physical information about molecules.

    The technique was called magnetic resonance imaging rather than nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (NMRI) because of the negative connotations associated with the word nuclear in the late 1970's.

    NUCLEAR magnetic resonance imaging actually IS the proper way of explaining the technique.. PR though changed the name to MRI to keep income coming in from people using the technique.

    MRI started out as a tomographic imaging technique, that is it produced an image of the NMR signal in a thin slice through the human body. MRI has advanced beyond a tomographic imaging technique to a volume imaging technique.

    NMR has been used on organic molecules for many tens of years prior to the MRI packaging developed by FONAR corporation (an OTC Net public company).

    The human body is primarily fat and water.

    Fat and water have many hydrogen atoms which make the human body approximately 63% hydrogen atoms.

    Hydrogen nuclei have an NMR signal.

    For these reasons magnetic resonance imaging primarily images the NMR signal from the hydrogen nuclei. Each voxel of an image of the human body contains one or more tissues. For example here is a voxel with one tissue inside. Zooming in on the voxel reveals cells. Within each cell there are water molecules.


    Here are some of the water molecules. Each water molecule has one oxygen and two hydrogen atoms.


    If we zoom into one of the hydrogens past the electron cloud we see a nucleus comprised of a single proton. The proton possesses a property called spin which can be thought of as a small magnetic field, and will cause the nucleus to produce an NMR signal.

    Listening to the spin field:

    Properties of Spin

    When placed in a magnetic field of strength B, a particle with a net spin can absorb a photon, of frequency . The frequency depends on the gyromagnetic ratio, of the particle.

    = B


    For hydrogen, = 42.58 MHz / T.

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    Default Re: Handheld Scanner has unique use(s)

    Imaging is accomplished by looking at the position in "time-space" of the emission from the hydrogen, as it relaxes, or spins down..

    The magnetic field held the molecule relatively oriented and fixed. Energy imparted then was absorbed, and then released when the field pulse stopped.

    Deconvolution (a process of removing the convoluted information) of the radio-wave response shows then the intensity of the signal, and by extrapolation, the amount of hydrogen present.

    Different components of molecules having hydrogen in them show up with slightly different response frequencies.. Thereby analysing properly, the different hydrogen containing molecules can be determined, such as fats, methyl compounds, water and so forth..



    Some imaging scans - highly detailed, much higher resolution than CAT or x-Ray



    Looking at the LAYERS/SLICES in the Brain for instance:



    Looking into a Knee cap/joint and surrounding tendons, cartilage and muscle to evaluate damage areas or healthy:

    The SLICE technique is used similarly to how a CAT (x-ray) scanner works.

    Whereas the CAT scanner is looking for contrast changes and notes where in the slice the contrast has changed, the MRI slices are looking for the hydrogen responses.. Building up image after image of position of hydrogen molecule over distance creates the image.

    Software then is able to scroll through the images, rotate the images to show a different perspective, or present a different 'point of view'.

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    Default Re: Handheld Scanner has unique use(s)

    Quote Posted by Bob (here)
    What type of detail is available with a MR (I) - magnetic resonance imaging technique?
    Not much organic detail , computer tomography can reveal much more detail but it's allegedly expensive , though MRI machines too are still very expensive ,
    the price should go down .
    MRI depends on tissue density . You keep sending strong magnetic waves and they bounce on and around hard objects and return back to you creating sort of fluid image .
    However , they can't portray structure of tissue to great detail .


    In my opinion, you could have hand held x-ray these days easily but it could be hard to proceed legally .


    Can we get X-ray to Apple iWatch ?




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    Default Re: Handheld Scanner has unique use(s)

    Using radiation to investigate is obviously not healthy, no matter at what dose. So the hand-held x-ray machines are of no use to check muscle fat-water- ratios.. To see a coarse bone being broken sure, in the field, with a licensed trained operator.. Again, x-Ray is not a solution.

    To have DEEP PENETRATION, an immense amount of radiation is needed.. Again, not safe.. And an immense amount of radiation is hazardous..

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    Default Re: Handheld Scanner has unique use(s)

    Post 9 above Agape, shows the immense amount of detail, available, please if you would look carefully at that post specifically note the DETAIL found with the MRI resolution. IT is almost like using a microscope in detail.

    OLD systems were coarse, but the newer systems are fantastic in their resolving capacity.

    The advantage of MRI over CAT scan (computerized axial tomography) and MRI is mindblowing when one wants to see specific molecular signatures, not just contrast "x-ray" images..

    From what I have seen X-Ray especially the type you suggested is not practical, nor safe from the amount of radiation needed. Certainly not on some iphone "watch", lets stay practical and realistic please.


    Quote Posted by Agape (here)
    Quote Posted by Bob (here)
    What type of detail is available with a MR (I) - magnetic resonance imaging technique?
    Not much organic detail , computer tomography can reveal much more detail but it's allegedly expensive , though MRI machines too are still very expensive ,
    the price should go down .
    MRI depends on tissue density . You keep sending strong magnetic waves and they bounce on and around hard objects and return back to you creating sort of fluid image .
    However , they can't portray structure of tissue to great detail .


    In my opinion, you could have hand held x-ray these days easily but it could be hard to proceed legally .


    Can we get X-ray to Apple iWatch ?



    Last edited by Bob; 31st May 2015 at 02:17. Reason: edited to reflect moved posts

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    Default Re: Handheld Scanner has unique use(s)

    Quote Posted by Bob (here)
    Post 14 above Agape, shows the immense amount of detail, available, I suggest looking carefully at that post. X-Ray especially the type you suggested is not practical, nor safe from the amount of radiation needed. And discussing your post 7 IS derailing this thread.


    Quote Posted by Agape (here)
    Quote Posted by Bob (here)
    What type of detail is available with a MR (I) - magnetic resonance imaging technique?
    Not much organic detail , computer tomography can reveal much more detail but it's allegedly expensive , though MRI machines too are still very expensive ,
    the price should go down .
    MRI depends on tissue density . You keep sending strong magnetic waves and they bounce on and around hard objects and return back to you creating sort of fluid image .
    However , they can't portray structure of tissue to great detail .


    In my opinion, you could have hand held x-ray these days easily but it could be hard to proceed legally .


    Can we get X-ray to Apple iWatch ?




    I've asked , merely hypothetically .. about something apparently only distantly related to this field however I do not expect any sort of answer .

    I will study your subject more to depth , promise .



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    Default Re: Handheld Scanner has unique use(s)

    Vegan and vegetarian posts have been moved to a new thread here:

    https://projectavalon.net/forum4/show...l=1#post965129

    Sierra
    Last edited by Sierra; 30th May 2015 at 21:16.

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    Default Re: Handheld Scanner has unique use(s)

    The construction of a hand held MR system is no small feat.

    I am attaching a PDF showing the theory, construction, equipment involved, and processing needed. As in the OP for the group that developed the practical hand-held MR scanner had to overcome many technical difficulties. The biggest difficulty was the strength of the magnetic field needed to align the protons in the hydrogen component of the molecules.


    Page 16 in the PDF shows the block diagram of the apparatus.

    Page 20 explains the block diagram for the "spectrometer" component a lot clearer.. A spectrometer breaks down the individual frequencies obtained, to allow for the precise detail of the molecule being looked at.. In other words, one can "tune" the software to be able to look at just fat, just muscle, just a particular amino acid concentration..

    Knowing a particular organic hydrogen component toxin for instance, would allow one to analyze for the breakdown of tissue for instance.

    Knowing such detail, and it is extremely precise, down to the molecular level (something X-Ray cannot possibly do inside the body), can show the progress of a disease or the progress of healing.

    Imaging then is highly important. A hand-held MR system then means immense hope is possible for diagnosis and treatment.


    This is the block diagram (for simpler viewing)



    Looking at the blocks, the RF pulse is sent to the target out the scanner head, and when the pulse stops, the frequencies that come back appear from the "relaxation" spin down of the hydrogen molecules.

    In other words, the EMISSION of the MOLECULE(s) are picked up and then analyzed.

    Therefore, the above describes a Molecular Emission Scanner - (Note: The Lupotto IV spectrometer in the block diagram above, was built for the Institute of Physics (University of Zurich) by P. Lupotto.)
    Last edited by Bob; 6th June 2015 at 21:48. Reason: revised a link

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    Default Re: Handheld Scanner has unique use(s)

    In using the Hand Held MR system, tuned to look for glutamine levels are especially important in looking at treatment and progress of muscular dystrophies.

    (Source)

    Background:

    Quote Whey protein, creatine, and the amino acids glutamine, arginine, leucine, and hydoxy-methylbutyrate or HMB (a leucine derivative) are especially important for building and maintaining lean muscle mass (Thomas 2007; Casperson 2012; Katsanos 2008; Kim 2010; Clark 2000; Hayes 2008; Kim 2010). Omega-3 fatty acids, conjugated linoleic acid, and vitamin D also fight lean tissue loss (Siddiqui 2006; Rahman 2009; Drey 2011; Kim 2011).

    Many interventions can often produce dramatic improvements in muscle mass/strength and overall health of people with muscle wasting.
    Normal testing techniques to determine muscle issues are difficult to define - to find a precise point where significant muscle wasting begins, where moderate to severe cachexia and/or sarcopenia can be diagnosed by observing loss of muscle mass, strength, and tone in the person.

    Recently, some researchers have proposed that cachexia and sarcopenia should be diagnosed by calculating lean and fat body mass by imaging techniques such as MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) (Fearon 2013).

    The MR technique then provides an OBJECTIVE MEANS to observe, diagnose, and monitor progress positively or negatively.

    MONITORING and DIAGNOSIS is TANTAMOUNT for looking at survival rates

    Pre-cachexia and the Importance of Early Recognition of Catabolic Wasting
    Loss of body mass and muscle strength often occur gradually among individuals with slowly progressing, chronic diseases as well as aging populations typically considered otherwise healthy. This often precludes recognition of the early stages of wasting and results in missed opportunities for preemptive intervention that may help patients maintain better functional capacity and quality of life in the long term (Norman 2008; Muscaritoli 2010).

    Estimates suggest as many as 50% of hospitalized individuals are malnourished (Norman 2008). More concerning still, nutritional status very often worsens during hospitalization, owing to the under-recognition and under-treatment of early signs of wasting by physicians and hospital staff (Norman 2008). Malnourished patients typically require longer hospital stays and have worse prognoses for both acute and chronic illnesses (Norman 2008).

    The harsh reality is that medical care providers often fail to address early signs of wasting until it has reached advanced stages, at which point the efficacy of interventions aimed at improving body composition is considerably impaired (Norman 2008; Muscaritoli 2010).

    Fortunately, recent collaborative research efforts have focused on the critical need to recognize and address wasting and cachexia in earlier stages. In 2010, specific guidelines on the recognition and classification of “pre-cachexia” were developed. These guidelines established the following requisites for the diagnosis of pre-cachexia (Muscaritoli 2010):

    • underlying chronic disease;
    • unintentional weight loss ≤5% of usual body weight during the preceding 6 months;
    • chronic or recurrent systemic inflammatory response;
    • anorexia or anorexia-related symptoms.

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    Default Re: Handheld Scanner has unique use(s)

    Spectral Example.

    Tuning the Spectrum Analyzer component in the MR system to look for a healthy knee verses an osteo-arthritic knee.

    The osteo-arthritic knee joint is experiencing cartilage degeneration, and the spectral pattern changes.

    The computer system set to EVALUATE the received spectra from the hand-held probe using "least squares" template comparison (precision of match is indicated) can then perform a diagnostic evaluation.

    Whereas with x-Ray analysis for instance, "contrast" is measured, but not the actual MOLECULAR RESPONSE of what is happening in the viewing target area.

    See below:



    Any number of molecules' spectra can be created for filling the DATABASE.

    And diagnostic procedures can be accomplished to look for the molecular signatures over the target area.

    (Source)

    Below is the knee and surround tissue.. Looking at the spectral return from the scanner head then allows one to see the molecular responses.. One could setup the imager portion of the system to ONLY show for instance JUST the desired molecule and suppress all other molecules' signatures.

    Last edited by Bob; 6th June 2015 at 21:48.

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    Default Re: Handheld Scanner has unique use(s)

    The medical uses I can relate to. Maybe they could discover why my back surgery did not end the unbearable pinching pain. And maybe the knee surgeon for my brother in law would have just done a total replacement rather than partials and later the total replacement. And perhaps it would clarify brain problems more clearly. Thank you!

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    Default Re: Handheld Scanner has unique use(s)

    Fraunhoferr (Germany) has realized the significance of miniature MR analysis systems.


    Magnetic resonance imaging yields deep insights – into the atomic structure of a biomolecule, for instance, or into the tissues of a patient's body.

    Magnetic resonance imaging is one of the most important imaging methods used in medicine.

    However, the existing older MRI scanning technology has one major disadvantage: The machines are huge and extremely expensive, and almost impossible to transport.

    Therefore the development of small portable even hand-held systems is a desire by scientists, diagnosticians and doctors worldwide who understand the immense potential to analyze what is happening in the body for instance non-invasively.

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    Default Re: Handheld Scanner has unique use(s)

    What does the inside of the hand-held sensor head look like?

    This is one configuration used by the Japanese company (the US and German designs use a different technique).



    This is a typical magnetic field pattern coming off the magnets


    Depth of Penetration is based on the focal point of the fixed magnetic field.

    As can be visualized, numerous methods of electronically steering the magnetic field is possible - the above shows the basis of the head design.
    Last edited by Bob; 6th June 2015 at 21:49.

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