Up At The Ranch And Beyond

[Star Tsar]

John Michael Godier's Event Horizon

Nancy Atkinson | Apollo: Untold Stories Of The Voyage To The Moon

Published 16th April 2020

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John Michael Godier is joined by writer, space, and science reporter from Universe Today Nancy Atkinson to discuss her book on the Apollo program.
What issues did NASA face getting Astronauts to the moon?
How close did the Apollo program come to shutting down after Apollo 13?

Eight Years to the Moon: The History of the Apollo Missions by Nancy Atkinson https://amzn.to/2RHbvhm

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Space Weather Woman Tamitha Skov

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Space Weather News | A Stealthy Solar Storm & A Meteor Shower

Published 17th April 2020

This week our Sun quiets down in terms of bright regions, but a stealthy solar storm is on the way! The source of this wispy solar storm was really difficult to spot, which means it is harder to pin down exactly which direction it is travelling. Preliminary modeling show the solar storm might go west of Earth, with the possibility of a glancing blow on March 19 and 20. This means aurora photographers at high latitudes could get a show, but likely those at mid-latitudes will only catch glimpses of aurora, if any at all. Solar flux has also dipped back into the high 60s, which means poor radio propagation on Earth's dayside once again. However, I am getting reports that the sporadic-E season is beginning to pick up in he Northern hemisphere, and that should boost propagation somewhat for those north of the equator. Learn the details of the coming solar storm, when aurora might be visible (along with a meteor shower), and see what else our Sun has in store.

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Nemesis Maturity

Something Exploded On The Farside Of The Sun

Published 17th April 2020

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On April 12th, something exploded on the far side of the sun. The blast hurled a coronal mass ejection (CME) into space. Two days later, (April 14) there was a large solar explosion too. Coronagraph images from NASA's STEREO A probe confirm that a CME emerged from the blast site.

Yesterday, the orbiting Solar and Heliospheric Observatory also captured a new eruption at the Sun's eastern limb.

A CME can send 20 billion tons of dangerously charged material into space.
Hopefully, Earth was not in the line of fire, so there will be no space weather consequences for our planet.

What caused the explosion?
Possibilities include a farside sunspot or collapsing magnetic filaments...

https://stereo.gsfc.nasa.gov/browse/2020/04/12/index.shtml

https://stereo.gsfc.nasa.gov/browse/2020/04/14/index.shtml

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Giant Comets Play 'Chicken' With The Sun

Published 18th April 2020

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Some comets like to play "chicken" with the Sun. Here you can see how the STEREO and SOHO solar spacecrafts captured some of the most 'famous' comets passing by the sun over the last 24 years.

Comet Hyakutake
he comet was discovered on 30 January 1996, by Yuji Hyakutake, an amateur astronomer from southern Japan. Hyakutake became visible to the naked eye in early March 1996. By mid-March, the comet was still fairly unremarkable, shining at 4th magnitude with a tail about 5 degrees long. As it neared its closest approach to Earth, it rapidly became brighter, and its tail grew in length. By March 24, the comet was one of the brightest objects in the night sky, and its tail stretched 35 degrees. The comet had a notably bluish-green colour. After its close approach to the Earth, the comet faded to about 2nd magnitude. It reached perihelion on 1 May 1996, brightening again and exhibiting a dust tail in addition to the gas tail seen as it passed the Earth. By this time, however, it was close to the Sun and was not seen as easily. It was observed passing perihelion by the SOHO Sun-observing satellite, which also recorded a large coronal mass ejection being formed at the same time. Its distance from the Sun at perihelion was 0.23 AU, well inside the orbit of Mercury.

C/2002 V1 (NEAT)
Comet C/2002 V1 (NEAT) is a non-periodic comet that appeared in November 2002. The comet peaked with an apparent magnitude of approximately –0.5, making it the eighth-brightest comet seen since 1935. It was seen by SOHO in February 2003. At perihelion the comet was only 0.099258 astronomical units (14,848,800 kilometres; 9,226,600 miles) from the Sun. The comet was hit by a coronal mass ejection during its pass near the Sun; some rumoured it had "disturbed" the Sun, but scientists dismissed this notion. The scientific consensus is that there is no link between comets and CMEs that can not be explained through simple coincidence, and there were 56 CMEs in February 2003. On February 18, 2003, comet C/2002 V1 (NEAT) passed 5.7 degrees from the Sun. C/2002 V1 (NEAT) appeared impressive as viewed by the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO) as a result of the forward scattering of light off of the dust in the coma and tail.

C/2004 F4 (Bradfield)
The Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO) obtained a nice series of images of this comet during the period of April 15 to 20, as well as observations of the tail well into April 21.

C/2006 P1 (McNaught)
Comet McNaught, also known as the Great Comet of 2007 was discovered on 7 August 2006 by British-Australian astronomer Robert H. McNaught. It was the brightest comet in over 40 years, and was easily visible to the naked eye for observers in the Southern Hemisphere in January and February 2007. With an estimated peak magnitude of −5.5, the comet was the second-brightest since 1935. Around perihelion on 12 January, it was visible worldwide in broad daylight. Its tail measured an estimated 35 degrees in length at its peak.

Comet 96P/Machholz
In 2007, it appeared in STEREO A HI1 and SOHO's LASCO C3's field of view from April 2 to 6, peaking in brightness on April 4, 2007, around magnitude +2. In these observations, its coma was substantially smaller than the Sun in volume, but the forward scattering of light made the comet appear significantly brighter.

Comet C/2011 L4 Pan-STARRS
C/2011 L4 (PANSTARRS) is a non-periodic comet discovered in June 2011 that became visible to the naked eye when it was near perihelion in March 2013. It was discovered using the Pan-STARRS telescope located near the summit of Haleakalā, on the island of Maui in Hawaii. Comet C/2011 L4 probably took millions of years to come from the Oort cloud. After leaving the planetary region of the Solar System, the post-perihelion orbital period (epoch 2050) is estimated to be roughly 106000 years. Dust and gas production suggests the comet nucleus is roughly 1 kilometer (0.62 mi) in diameter.

Comet ISON
Comet ISON, formally known as C/2012 S1, was a sungrazing comet discovered on 21 September 2012 by Vitaly Nevsky (Vitebsk, Belarus) and Artyom Novichonok (Kondopoga, Russia). Shortly after Comet ISON's discovery, the media reported that it might become brighter than the full Moon. However, as events transpired, it never became bright enough to be readily visible to the naked eye. Furthermore, it broke apart as it passed close to the Sun. Reports on 28 November 2013 (the day of perihelion passage) indicated that Comet ISON had partially or completely disintegrated due to the Sun's heat and tidal forces. However, later that day CIOC (NASA Comet ISON Observing Campaign) members discovered a coma-like feature, suggesting a small fragment of it may have survived perihelion.

Images credit: NASA/ESA, STEREO, SOHO

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[Star Tsar]

American Museum Of Natural History

Asteroid Crash Course

Published 17th April 2020

Denton Ebel, curator in the Division of Physical Sciences @ American Museum Of Natural History offers acrash course on all things space rocks!

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Space.com

Comet SWAN Orbit Animations

Published 17th April 2020

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See the orbit of Comet C/2020 F8 (SWAN) from 2020 through 2021 in these animations.

Read all about it here: https://www.space.com/comet-swan-arrives-as-comet-atlas-crumbles.html

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Volcano Time-Lapse

Meteor | Popocatepetl Volcano (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Popocat%C3%A9petl), Mexico

Recorded & Published 17th April 2020

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This trail lasted over one minute long.

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Lava Flow | Stromboli Volcano, Italy (https://geology.com/volcanoes/stromboli/)

Recorded 15th & Published 18th April 2020

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The view a few nights ago of a lava flow going into the sea. This is Sciara del Fuoco looking South West.

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Eruption Timelapse | Klyuchevskoy Volcano (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klyuchevskaya_Sopka), Russia

Recorded 17th & Published 18th April 2020

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The activity was fairly light, but several incandescent avalanches were noted as well as strombian activity.

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Volcano Time-Lapse

Explosive Plume | Volcán de Fuego (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volc%C3%A1n_de_Fuego), Guatemala

Recorded 17th & Published 18th April 2020

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volc%C3%A1n_de_Fuego#/media/File:2007_Volcan_de_Fuego.jpg
A fairly large plume for Fuego normally.

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[Star Tsar]

Suspicious Observers | Space News | 18th April 2020 | Deep Quake, Weather Modification, Magnetic Fields

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[Star Tsar]

APOD Podcast

Just Another Day On Aerosol Earth

Published 18th April 2020

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In today's image, we see an image of Earth showing the concentration of different types of aerosols in the atmosphere of the planet. Red is carbon particles from fires, blue is sea salts churned up by ocean storms and purple is dust from storms in the deserts.

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Phys.org

Dust Devils May Roam Hydrocarbon Dunes On Saturn's Moon Titan

Published 17th April 2020

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Meteorological conditions on Saturn's large moon Titan, the strange, distant world that may be the most Earth-like in the solar system, appear conducive to the formation of dust devils, according to new research (https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1029/2019JE006238) in AGU's journal Geophysical Research Letters.

If true, these dry whirlwinds may be primary movers of dust on the surface of Titan, as they are on Mars.

The Cassini spacecraft, which toured Saturn's system from 2004 to 2017, observed dunes in the moon's equatorial region covering as much as 30% of the surface and a large dust storm.

Read all about it here: https://phys.org/news/2020-04-devils-roam-hydrocarbon-dunes-saturn.html

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SpaceDaily.com

New Horizons Pushing The Frontier Ever Deeper Into The Kuiper Belt

Published 16th April 2020

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New Horizons is healthy and performing perfectly as it flies deeper and deeper into the Kuiper Belt! Recently we conducted an engineering review of the spacecraft to "trend" how it was working compared to when it was launched. The result was amazing: Every system and science instrument aboard New Horizons is working as well as it did when we lifted off, more than 14 years and almost 5 billion miles ago. As mission principal investigator I could not be prouder - the men and women who designed, built and tested New Horizons literally created a masterpiece of American workmanship that will likely be able to perform and explore for many more years and many more miles!

Read all about it here: https://www.spacedaily.com/reports/New_Horizons_pushing_the_frontier_ever_deeper_into_the_Kuiper_Belt_999.html

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NASA Goddard

California Nebula Stars In Final Mosaic By NASA's Spitzer

Published 17th April 2020

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Five days before NASA's Spitzer Space Telescope ended its mission on Jan. 30, 2020, scientists used the spacecraft's infrared camera to take multiple images of a region known as the California Nebula - a fitting target considering the mission's management and science operations were both based in Southern California at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory and Caltech. This mosaic is made from those images. It is the final mosaic image taken by Spitzer and one of hundreds the spacecraft captured throughout its lifetime (https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/news.php?feature=7488).

Located about 1,000 light-years from Earth, the nebula looks more than a little like the Golden State when viewed by visible-light telescopes: It is long and narrow, bending to the right near the bottom. The visible light comes from gas in the nebula being heated by a nearby, extremely massive star known as Xi Persei, or Menkib. Spitzer's infrared view reveals a different feature: warm dust, with a consistency similar to soot, that is mixed in with the gas. The dust absorbs visible and ultraviolet light from nearby stars and then re-emits the absorbed energy as infrared light.

Read all about it here: https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/news.php?release=2020-073&rn=news.xml&rst=7642

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NASA Goddard

NASA Missions Study Shock Waves In Nova Explosion

Published 13th April 2020

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Unprecedented observations of a nova outburst in 2018 by a trio of satellites, including NASA’s Fermi and NuSTAR space telescopes, have captured the first direct evidence that most of the explosion’s visible light arose from shock waves — abrupt changes of pressure and temperature formed in the explosion debris.

A nova is a sudden, short-lived brightening of an otherwise inconspicuous star. It occurs when a stream of hydrogen from a companion star flows onto the surface of a white dwarf, a compact stellar cinder not much larger than Earth.

The 2018 outburst originated from a star system later dubbed V906 Carinae, which lies about 13,000 light-years away in the constellation Carina. Over time — perhaps tens of thousands of years for a so-called classical nova like V906 Carinae — the white dwarf’s deepening hydrogen layer reaches critical temperatures and pressures. It then erupts in a runaway reaction that blows off all of the accumulated material.

Fermi detected its first nova in 2010 and has observed 14 to date. Gamma rays the highest-energy form of light require processes that accelerate subatomic particles to extreme energies, which happens in shock waves. When these particles interact with each other and with other matter, they produce gamma rays. Because the gamma rays appear at about the same time as a nova's peak in visible light, astronomers concluded that shock waves play a more fundamental role in the explosion and its aftermath.

The Fermi and BRITE data show flares in both wavelengths at about the same time, so they must share the same source shock waves in the fast-moving debris.

Observations of one flare using NASA’s NuSTAR space telescope showed a much lower level of X-rays compared to the higher-energy Fermi data, likely because the nova ejecta absorbed most of the X-rays. High-energy light from the shock waves was repeatedly absorbed and reradiated at lower energies within the nova debris, ultimately only escaping at visible wavelengths.

Astronomers have proposed shock waves as a way to explain the power radiated by various kinds of short-lived events, such as stellar mergers, supernovae — the much bigger blasts associated with the destruction of stars — and tidal disruption events, where black holes shred passing stars. Further studies of nearby novae will serve as laboratories for better understanding the roles shock waves play in other more powerful and more distant events..

Read all about it here: https://www.nasa.gov/feature/goddard/2020/nasa-missions-help-reveal-the-power-of-shock-waves-in-a-nova-explosion

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SciShow Space

What We’re Learning From The Brightest Supernova Ever Seen

Published 18th April 2020

It’s been a great week for space explosions! Astronomers learned more about the mechanism that causes novas by looking at the nova V906 Carinae, and the brightest supernova ever recorded shed some new light on pulsation pair-instability.

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The Exoplanets Channel

This Could Be A Safe Way To Contact Extraterrestrials

Published 18th April 2020

Is this a possible way to safely attempt contact with aliens?

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ECETI Stargate

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April 2020 Skywatch Video Montage

Published 18th April 2020

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Grant Cameron | Consciousness & UFO's

Streamed 18th & Published 19th April 2020

James Teams Up With Grant Cameron this week as They Take a Deep Dive Together Into "The UFO and Consciousness Connection"

Grant Cameron has been researching UFO's since 1975, and has been recognized as both the Leeds Conference International Researcher and the UFO Congress Researcher of the Year. He has spent decades watching and chronicling developments around extraterrestrial contact. He is the author of Charlie Red Star.

He became involved in Ufology in May 1975 with personal sightings of an object which locally became known as Charlie Red Star. The sightings occurred in Carman, Manitoba about 25 miles north of the Canada-US border. Hundreds of other people sighted objects at the same time during a prolonged flap of sightings.

Over the next 18 months he had many sightings of large objects and small (monitor) objects in the area. He spent countless days in the area photographing a series of strange objects and interviewing hundreds of witnesses who were involved.

At present Cameron is awaiting almost 100 FOIA requests from the Clinton Presidential Library in Little Rock, Arkansas, related to the UFO related actions and policies inside the two Presidential terms of Bill Clinton. So far 12 UFO related requests have been released. Their release caused a stir among media outlets around America.

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Paul Stonehill Paranormal Research

Remains Of An Alien Spacecraft Inside Mysterious Siberian Crater

Published 18th April 2020

There are few people on his planet who have not heard about such unique and famous structures as the Egyptian pyramids, Stonehenge, and the statutes of Easter island. But few people know about Patomsky crater, a unique creation of nature, which is perhaps the most mysterious crater on our planet. And it is located in Russia. And inside it is…

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[Star Tsar]

Suspicious Observers | Space News | 19th April 2020 | Major Storm Alert, Climate Goofs & Greatness

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[Star Tsar]

Flare Aware

18 April To 19 April : 24 Hour Solar Activity

Published 19th April 2020

This short video is the 304 imagery from NASA SDO during the course of the past 24 hours (Saturday, 18 Apr 2020 to Sunday, 19 Apr 2020).
From this video you'll be able to visually see sunspot, solar flare and coronal mass ejection (CME) events from the past 24 hours.
Learn about solar flares and protect your family and friends by visiting http://FlareAware.com/weather. Your source for instant severe solar weather alerts direct to your phone.

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Volcano Time-Lapse

Meteor | Popocatepetl Volcano (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Popocat%C3%A9petl), Mexico

Recorded & Published 19th April 2020

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a5/Mexico-Popocatepetl.jpg

@ 03:21 CST a meteor was observed. That makes it three meteors @ the same volcano in the space of a week!

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Lava Flow | Klyuchevskoy Volcano (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klyuchevskaya_Sopka), Russia

Recorded 18th & Published 19th April 2020

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Six hours of lava flow activity from Klyuchevskoy timelapsed!

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Geoengineering Watch

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Global Alert News | Episode 245

https://www.geoengineeringwatch.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/hhyyt.png

Published 18th April 2020

How much longer can the current state of civilization be maintained? More and more information is coming to light regarding events and individuals that have played a part in bringing us to where we are now. Will new information help to expand understanding and unite populations? Or will ideology, preconceptions and programming continue to prevail?
Now more than ever before, we need to evaluate our priorities. What matters? And what doesn’t? Even at this late hour there is still much we can do to make a difference for the better.

Supporting link: https://www.geoengineeringwatch.org/geoengineering-watch-global-alert-news-april-18-2020-245/

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AstroFlask

Aurora From Orbit

Published 18th April 2020

Auroras as seen from low earth orbit, over the Indian Ocean. NASA images have been processed to show the aurora in realtime and full HD.

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Morn1415

Visualization Of Earth's Curvature

Published 18th April 2020

Courtesy of morn1415

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European Southern Observatory

ESOcast 219: Star Dance Around Supermassive Black Hole

Published 17th April 2020

ESO's Very Large Telescope has observed a star dancing around the supermassive black hole at the centre of the Milky Way. The observations have revealed, for the first time, that the star’s orbit is shaped like a rosette and not like an ellipse.

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Observations made with ESO’s Very Large Telescope (VLT) have revealed for the first time that a star, S2, orbiting the supermassive black hole at the centre of the Milky Way moves just as predicted by Einstein’s theory of general relativity. Most stars and planets have a non-circular orbit and therefore move closer and further away from the object they are rotating around. S2’s orbit precesses, meaning that the location of its closest point to the supermassive black hole changes with each turn, such that the next orbit is rotated with regard to the previous one, creating a rosette shape. This effect, known as Schwarzschild precession, had never before been measured for a star around a supermassive black hole.

This animation shows S2’s orbit around Sagitarius A*, the supermassive black hole at the centre of the Milky Way. The precession movement is exaggerated for easier viewing.

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Space.com

Stars Orbit The Milky Way's Supermassive Black Hole

Published 19th April 2020

Zoom into long-term observations and animations of the stars orbiting near the Milky Way galaxy's supermassive black hole.

Read all about it here: https://www.space.com/milky-way-supermassive-black-hole-star-dance-einstein-test.html

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Dr Maggie Lieu

Meteor Showers & The Lyrids

Published 19th April 2020

In collaboration with Go Stargazing, this week Dr Lieu brings you an astronomy video on how to observe the 2020 Lyrid meteor shower which will peak on the 21-22nd April this year. Find out why this meteor occurs and more.

Extra reading:
Stellarium: https://stellarium-web.org/
Fluximator, for calculating meteor rates: https://leonid.arc.nasa.gov/estimator.html
Arter & Williams 1995: https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1995MNRAS.277.1087A/abstract

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NASA Goddard

NASA Reveals Alien Composition Of 2I/Borisov

Published 20th April 2020

When amateur astronomer Gennady Borisov discovered an interstellar comet zipping through our solar system on Aug. 30, 2019, scientists promptly turned their telescopes toward it hoping to catch a glimpse of this rare and ephemeral event. After all, no one had ever set eyes on a confirmed comet from a foreign star system, and it was clear from its projected trajectory that the alien visitor, named 2I/Borisov, would soon disappear from the sky forever.

Before it dimmed from view, a team of international scientists led by Martin Cordiner and Stefanie Milam at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland, probed it with the world’s most powerful radio telescope. The comet was near its closest approach to Earth at about 180 million miles, or nearly 300 million kilometers, away.

When the scientists peeked inside the halo of gas that formed around the comet as it came closer to the Sun and its ices began to vaporize, they detected something peculiar: 2I/Borisov was releasing gas with a greater concentration of carbon monoxide (CO) than anyone had detected in any comet at a similar distance from the Sun (within less than 186 million miles, or 300 million kilometers). 2I/Borisov’s CO concentration was estimated to be between nine and 26 times higher than that of the average solar system comet.

Until more interstellar comets are observed, this result raises more questions than it answers.

Read all about it here: https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/news/1205/nasa-peeks-inside-first-interstellar-comet-2iborisov-revealing-its-alien-composition/

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SentIntoSpace

On Board Launch To Space

Published 20th April 2020

This space timelapse shows you what its like to sit on board a launch to space. The real footage has all been taken on board a space capable weather balloon in full 360 and then manually stabilised and speed ramped for an out of this world ride into space.

As a space timelapse, you're able to fly above clouds and watch them form and roll as the thin blue line of the atmosphere develops entering the stratosphere. This is a 2 hour flight condensed into less than 1 minute as we hyperlapse into space.

Subscribe and turn on notifications to be the first to hear about our new weekly amazing space videos.

If you want to go the extra mile, this timelapse in space experience is available in full 360 virtual reality here:
https://youtu.be/PsSvqvK_3Zo

We leave you at 120,000ft in the stratosphere as the footage slows back to real time at the top of the flight.

Sent Into Space are the Near Space experts.

We use lighter-than-air gas balloons to travel to the upper stratosphere into Near Space, where you can see the curvature of the Earth (Flat Earth believers need not reply!), the black vacuum of space and the thin blue line of the Earth's atmosphere on the horizon.

This is more than just a GoPro on a weather balloon. We build a bespoke launch vehicle for each flight utilising the latest in camera technology and long-range radio and satellite communications. We film HD video of the Earth from space for stunning images of the curvature of the Earth.

With over 500 successful flights over the last 8 years, we're the only company to go to when you want to launch something into space. To find out more, visit https://www.sentintospace.com

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Suspicious Observers | Space News | 20th April 2020 | Solar Wind Impact, Our Local String, Climate Forcing

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Phys.org

Milky Way Could Be Catapulting Stars Into Its Outer Halo, Astronomers Say

Published 20th April 2020

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Though mighty, the Milky Way and galaxies of similar mass are not without scars chronicling turbulent histories. University of California, Irvine astronomers and others have shown that clusters of supernovas can cause the birth of scattered, eccentrically orbiting suns in outer stellar halos, upending commonly held notions of how star systems have formed and evolved over billions of years.

Hyper-realistic, cosmologically self-consistent computer simulations from the Feedback in Realistic Environments 2 project enabled the scientists to model the disruptions in otherwise orderly galactic rotations. The team's work is the subject of a study published today in the Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society.

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Read all about it here: https://phys.org/news/2020-04-milky-catapulting-stars-outer-halo.html

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ScientificAmerican.com

Strange Extragalactic Strands Mystify Astronomers

Published 20th April 2020

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The universe is a stupendously vast and puzzling place. Millennia of scientific advances have incrementally increased our understanding of it, but every now and then, scientists still spy something shrouded in almost inexplicable mystery. Now such a puzzle has come in the form of filaments of electromagnetic radiation hundreds of thousands of light-years long—the likes of which have never before been seen.

Using the MeerKAT radio telescope in South Africa, astronomers were taking a peek at a bright galaxy near to the center of Norma, a merging galaxy cluster 230 million light-years from Earth. Called ESO 137-006, this particular galaxy shines extremely brightly in radio waves: A supermassive black hole at its heart shoots out twin jets of plasma that reach far beyond the edges of the galaxy’s rim. The charged particles in these jets, moving close to the speed of light, spin around magnetic fields and emit radio waves as they go. Such activity is spectacular but not at all out of the ordinary on cosmic scales.

Read all about it here: https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/strange-extragalactic-strands-mystify-astronomers/

More on the MeerKAT radio telescope

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[Star Tsar]

NASA Goddard

NASA’s Incredible Discovery Machine: The Story of the Hubble Space Telescope

Published 16th April 2020

Hubble's launch and deployment in April 1990 marked the most significant advance in astronomy since Galileo's telescope. Thanks to five servicing missions and more than 30 years of operation, our view of the universe and our place within it has never been the same.

This documentary celebrates not only the scientific and technological achievements of this telescope, but also the human spirit that’s helped to keep it up and operational for all these years.

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[onawah]

:bump: You almost don't have to listen to much else considering how well Wigington sums it all up, and also covers aspects of the current planetary dilemma that most don't seem to want to touch on anymore than they have to, such as geoengineering.
But therein is the problem... the impact of his much more complete perspective can tend to paralyze into helplessness and hopelessness.
On the other hand, it highlights why learning to become self-sustaining asap is so necessary.
If that includes the elite with their elaborate underground cities and bases remains to be seen, inasmuch as they sacrificed whatever was left of their humanity in order to do so.
And survival isn't really worth much without that.


Geoengineering Watch

http://www.geoengineeringwatch.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/04/logo2.png

Global Alert News | Episode 245

https://www.geoengineeringwatch.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/hhyyt.png

Published 18th April 2020

How much longer can the current state of civilization be maintained? More and more information is coming to light regarding events and individuals that have played a part in bringing us to where we are now. Will new information help to expand understanding and unite populations? Or will ideology, preconceptions and programming continue to prevail?
Now more than ever before, we need to evaluate our priorities. What matters? And what doesn’t? Even at this late hour there is still much we can do to make a difference for the better.

Supporting link: https://www.geoengineeringwatch.org/geoengineering-watch-global-alert-news-april-18-2020-245/

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[Star Tsar]

Suspicious Observers | Space News | 21st April 2020 | Electromagnetic Universe, SOFIA, Solar News

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[Star Tsar]

Nemesis Maturity

Lyrids Meteor Shower 2020 | Celestial Fireworks Streak Across The Sky Tonight

Published 21st April 2020

You won't want to miss the Lyrid meteor shower tonight. You'll be able to see an average of 20 Lyrid meteors per hour. This year, the Lyrids will peak on the night between 21–22 Αpril.
Weather permitting, observing conditions will be perfect. There is a New Moon on April 22, which means that the sky will be dark with no hidrance whatsover from moonlight.
Named after constellation Lyra, the Lyrids are one of the oldest recorded meteor showers. According to some historical Chinese texts, the shower was seen over 2,500 years ago.
The fireballs in the meteor shower are created by debris from comet Thatcher, which takes about 415 years to orbit around the Sun. The comet is expected to be visible from Earth again in 2276.
Bits and pieces shed by this comet litter its orbit and bombard the Earth’s upper atmosphere at 110,000 miles per hour (177,000 km/h). No matter where you are on Earth, the best time to watch is between midnight and dawn.

Clear Skies Everyone!

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[Star Tsar]

Lowell Observatory

What Is The Lyrid Meteor Shower?

Published 21st April 2020

The Lyrid meteor shower peaks on the night of April 21st and the wee hours of April 22nd. Meteors are often called “shooting stars,” but they’re not really stars at all. The Lyrid meteoroid stream comes from Comet Thatcher (C/1861 G1), which last passed the Earth’s orbit in 1861.

Lyrids tend to be fast and relatively bright, with fairly good chances for bright fireballs. The Lyrid meteor shower usually produces 10-18 meteors per hour at the shower’s peak. However, dense clumps in the meteoroid stream can produce unpredictable outbursts, and these make the Lyrids worth watching every year.

Join Lowell Observatory on Tuesday night, April 21st, for a live stream of the Lyrid meteor shower, hosted by astronomer Dr. Nick Moskovitz: https://youtu.be/hgvGBY9-_l4.

Drone footage generously donated by Corvid Aerial Solutions (https://corvidaerial.com). Meteors as seen from space simulation by meteorshowers.org.

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[Star Tsar]

Arstechnica.com

We May Have Seen Two Asteroids Annihilate Each Other In Another Solar System

Published 21st April 2020

https://cdn.arstechnica.net/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/STSCI-H-p2009a-m-2000x1125-800x450.png

We've not actually "seen" the vast majority of exoplanets we've found orbiting distant stars. Instead, their existence has been inferred based on changes in the light of the stars that they orbit. That makes the 20 or so we have imaged directly exceptional. Direct imaging typically requires a very large planet, which means this sample isn't entirely representative, but these planets do provide a unique opportunity for us to observe how bodies interact with each other and their environments in exosolar systems.

But, if two researchers at the University of Arizona are right, we can scratch one of these examples off the list. They say that the supposed planet has vanished in more recent images, which indicates it was never actually there in the first place. Instead, they argue that we've been observing the debris of a smash-up between two very large asteroids.

Read all about it here: https://arstechnica.com/science/2020/04/we-may-have-seen-two-asteroids-annihilate-each-other-in-another-solar-system/

More from Hubble ESA

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[Star Tsar]

Planets Videos

Eta Aquarids Meteor Shower Peaks May 5th!

Published 20th April 2020

The Eta Aquarids are always a great meteor shower that peak in the predawn hours of May 5. This year there could be an outburst of this shower that comes from Comet Halley of over 80 meteors per hour!

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[Star Tsar]

Phys.org

'Lucky' Messenger Data Upends Long-Held Idea About Venus' Atmosphere

Published 21st April 2020

https://scx1.b-cdn.net/csz/news/800/2020/luckymesseng.jpg

Philosopher Nicholas Rescher once wrote, "Scientific discoveries are often made not on the basis of some well-contrived plan of investigation, but through some stroke of sheer luck."

For a team of researchers at the Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Laboratory (APL) in Laurel, Maryland, that statement couldn't be more true.

What started as a dry run to ensure instruments on NASA's Mercury Surface, Space Environment, Geochemistry and Ranging (MESSENGER) spacecraft worked properly later turned into a 10-year saga that resulted in a chance discovery unrelated to the mission's target planet, Mercury. It's about Venus and its atmosphere.

Read all about it here: https://phys.org/news/2020-04-lucky-messenger-upends-long-held-idea.html

[Star Tsar]

Space.com

Habitable-Zone Planet Found In 'Reanalyzed' Kepler Data

Published 17th April 2020

https://cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net/LnNtYXuJggtAw2jEPoGCfJ-650-80.jpg

After 'reanalyzing' data from NASA's Kepler Space Telescope, scientists have discovered an Earth-size planet, named Kepler-1649c, residing in its star system's habitable zone.

Read all about it here: https://www.space.com/earth-size-exoplanet-habitable-zone-kepler.html

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SETI Institute

Kepler 1649c - New Earth-Size Planet In A Habitable Zone

Published 21st April 2020

In a new paper published in the Astrophysical Journal Letters, co-authored by SETI Institute scientist Jeff Coughlin, astronomers using Kepler data have identified a planet nearly the same size of Earth that orbits in its star’s habitable zone, where liquid water could exist on its surface.

Senior Director of Education and STEM programs discusses this new find with Jeff Coughlin, Astronomer at the SETI Institute, Andrew Vanderburgh, NASA Sagan Postdoc Fellow at the University of Texas Austin, and Pam Rowden, Astrophysicist at the Kepler False Positive Working Group.

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[Star Tsar]

Fraser Cain

Dr. Kevin Peter Hand | Alien Oceans

Streamed & Published 21st April 2020

This week Fraser is joined by Dr. Kevin Peter Hand, the deputy chief scientist of Solar System Exploration at NASA to talk about the alien oceans located across the Solar System.

Learn more about Dr. Hand here: https://science.jpl.nasa.gov/people/Hand/

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[Star Tsar]

It's [Redacted].

US Navy Surprised By 'Black Sphere' UFO After Nuclear Alert

Published 19th April 2020

http://nautilus.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/12/North-West-Cape--all-Areas---thin.jpg

Special thanks to Bill Chalker for his assistance with the 1973 North West Cape UFO incident.

0:00 Intro
1:23 Black sphere UFO documented by two officials at North West Cape, Australia
4:53 NSA "Top Secret Umbra" report
5:14 CIA report on bright green UFO seen above Kazakhstan weapons range, 1973
6:16 UFOs over military bases throughout US, 1975-76
9:00 spherical UFOs still seen today
10:38 USS Theodore Roosevelt 2014-15 UFO encounters

October 25th, 1973. It’s almost noon at Naval Communication Station Harold E. Holt.

The powerful antenna array in northwest Australia has just sent out a full nuclear alert to ships and submarines in the region.

It is prompted by officials in Washington D.C. who have made the decision to raise military readiness to DEFCON 3, the highest state of peacetime alert. Henry Kissinger, then-Secretary of State, is worried Soviet intervention in the Middle East’s “October War” could spiral out of control...

That night, something strange happened on the narrow peninsula.

Two base personnel independently observed a dark, black sphere hovering a few hundred meters off the ground. Declassified files later suggest it was “pulsating or revolving” and after a few minutes, suddenly took off at tremendous speed.

So, what happened that night? Is it at all connected to other UFO sightings above Soviet and American facilities throughout the 70s?

And... are spheres still seen today?

Both 1973 RAAF UAS reports are held offline, copies of which are shown under sources in our Discord.

NSA mention of '73 case: https://www.nsa.gov/Portals/70/documents/news-features/declassified-documents/ufo/in_camera_affadavit_yeates.pdf

'73 UFO above Sary Shagan Testing Range, USSR: https://documents2.theblackvault.com/documents/cia/EOM-2019-00290.pdf

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[Star Tsar]

Suspicious Observers | Space News | 22nd & 23rd April 2020

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[Star Tsar]

Pecos Hank

Close Tornado Tears Through Madill, Oklahoma, USA

Published 23rd April 2020

Extreme up close tornado in Madill Oklahoma on April 22, 2020. This tornado damaged town structures and lofted trees into the air before transitioning to a rope phase. Many people observed a rainbow with this tornado. Moments after the tornado struck, the sky was blue and sunny. Unfortunately it was reported that at least one person has lost their life from this twister.

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[Star Tsar]

Volcano Time-Lapse

Explosion | Sakurajima Volcano (https://www.volcanodiscovery.com/sakurajima.html), Japan

Recorded & Published 23rd April 2020

At 05:17 JST an explosion was registered.

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[Star Tsar]

Thunderbolts Project

Space News | Donald Scott: Electric Sun & The Mystery Of "Hot" Solar Wind

Published 23rd April 2020

https://scx1.b-cdn.net/csz/news/800/2020/1-newresearchh.jpg

One of the enduring mysteries in solar physics is the unexpectedly hot temperature of the solar wind as it extends away from the Sun. Recently, a team of scientists from the University of Wisconsin-Madison performed a study to try to find an answer to the puzzle. And their search led them to the field of plasma physics.

The lead author of the study explains, "There is a fundamental dynamical phenomenon that says that particles whose velocity is not well aligned with the magnetic field lines are not able to move into a region of a strong magnetic field. Such returning electrons are reflected so that they stream away from the sun, but again they cannot escape because of the attractive electric force of the sun.”

At first glance, such language might seem resonant with the Electric Sun model, first proposed by engineer Ralph Juergens, and later developed and in some respects modified by Donald E. Scott, PhD, and physicist Wal Thornhill. However, the University of Wisconsin-Madison scientists propose that a theoretical magnetic process is the mechanism behind the mysterious solar wind heating.

In this episode, we asked retired professor of electrical engineering Dr. Donald Scott for an Electric Sun explanation of the aforementioned phenomenon.

SOURCE STORY
Phys.org – "New research helps explain why the solar wind is hotter than expected"
https://phys.org/news/2020-04-solar-hotter.html

FROM THE ARCHIVE
Donald Scott: Birkeland Currents and the Parker Solar Probe: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-p5QwYWF7To

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[Star Tsar]

Space Weather Woman Tamitha Skov

http://www.spaceweatherwoman.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/onesheetbackground_sww_largecrop-1200x384.jpg

Space Weather News | A Solar Storm, Comets Atlas & Swan, Plus A Shower!

Published 23rd April 2020

We are calming down from a decent solar storm this week-- it's the first large storm we have had in quite a while and it ended an "aurora-drought" at mid-latitudes that had been lingering for months. Now we are feeling the effects of a weak burst of fast wind that is following the storm and it could keep aurora active at high latitudes over the next few days. We also have a mini-solar storm that launched on the 19th and it could slightly enhance the disturbed conditions into the weekend before things calm down. Solar flux is also on the rise thanks to a bright region that is rotating into Earth-view. We are back into the marginal range for emergency and amateur radio communications on Earth's dayside. GPS reception continues to be good, even at low latitudes on Earth's dayside. However, there may be some slight issues with GPS reception over the next few days on Earth's nightside anywhere near aurora or near dawn and dusk. Find out more about the recent solar activity, learn what has happened to Comet ATLAS while we discover the new comet SWAN, and see what else is in store this week.

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[Star Tsar]

NASA Goddard

Venus: Forgotten Sister Planet Or Our Next Frontier?

Published 23rd April 2020

Venus, our nearby “sister” planet, beckons today as a compelling target for exploration that may connect the objects in our own solar system to those discovered around nearby stars. Yet, humanity’s exploration of Venus has been hampered by confusion, technological challenges, and lack of tenacity. In an era that will soon witness a return of people (women and men) to the surface of the Moon and the arrival of samples from the planet Mars to Earth laboratories, together with space tourism and perhaps a new space-based economy, Venus stands out as the least explored of the planets in our solar system. That must change. Building – but woefully incomplete – evidence suggests Venus may have harbored oceans as recently as 1 billion years ago, yet today is as uninhabitable as any location we have explored in the past 60 years of the current space age. Thus, Venus may offer glimpses of Earth’s distant past, while holding insights into our own planet’s environmental destiny.

As humanity pushes the frontiers of exploration here on Earth and commemorates the 500th anniversary of Magellan’s circumnavigation, a new “frontier” looms – that of Venus and its massive, chemically complex atmosphere, hellishly hot surface, and mysterious mountainous regions. It is conceivable that over the next decade or so, robotic emissaries from Earth will return to Venus to unravel her untold secrets and illuminate her Earth-relevant history. These missions of exploration will connect Earth and Mars to our sister world, and arm scientists with perspectives needed to understand how ocean-bearing planets evolve, potentially fostering life.

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[Star Tsar]

Dr Becky Smethurst

Space Isn't Empty

Published 23rd April 2020

We always talk about the "vacuum of space" - but in reality, space is chock full of particles. Whether it's in the solar system, interstellar space or intergalactic space, you'll never find a region that's well and truly empty - a pure vacuum.

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[Star Tsar]

CosmoQuest

Daily Space

Streamed & Published 23rd April 2020

Dr Pamela Gay with your space & astronomy news for the past day.

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[Star Tsar]

PBS SpaceTime

Will Wormholes Allow Fast Interstellar Travel?

Published 23rd April 2020

From Stargate to Interstellar, wormholes are our favorite method for traveling across fictional universes. But they are also a very serious field of study for some of our greatest minds over the last century. So what’s the holdup? When do we get to wormhole ourselves out of here?

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[Star Tsar]

What Da Math? With Anton Petrov

The Jets From This Massive Blazar Move At 20x Speed of Light

Published 22nd April 2020

new discoveries coming out of the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) and the observations of the astrophysical jet that moves unusually fast coming out of a distant blazar.

Source paper: https://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/pdf/forth/aa37493-20.pdf

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[Star Tsar]

Chandra X-Ray Observatory

A Star Survives Close Call With A Black Hole

Published 23rd April 2020

A star brushed a giant black hole and survived, according to a new study using NASA's Chandra X-ray Observatory and ESA's XMM-Newton.

Prior to its close encounter with the black hole, the star was a red giant star that had become bloated as it burned through its fuel.

Once it was caught by the black hole's gravity, the outer layers were stripped off and left behind a white dwarf star.

The white dwarf travels the black hole once every 9 hours and gives off a burst of X-rays on its nearest point in its orbit.

Scientists expect that the white dwarf will be in this black hole's grasp for over a trillion years, slowing losing mass with each pass it makes.

Encounters like this may help astronomers learn more about how some black holes grow.

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Data from NASA's Chandra X-ray Observatory and ESA's XMM-Newton uncovered the account that began with a red giant star wandering too close to a supermassive black hole in a galaxy about 250 million light years from Earth. The black hole, located in a galaxy called GSN 069, has a mass about 400,000 times that of the Sun, putting it on the small end of the scale for supermassive black holes.

Once the red giant was captured by the black hole's gravity, the outer layers of the star containing hydrogen were stripped off and careened toward the black hole, leaving the core of the star — known as a white dwarf — behind.

In this remarkable tale of cosmic perseverance, the white dwarf survives but does not escape. Instead, the white dwarf is now caught in an elliptical orbit around the black hole, making one trip around every nine hours. As the white dwarf makes its nearly thrice-daily orbit, the black hole pulls material off at its closest approach. The stellar detritus enters into a disk surrounding the black hole and releases a burst of X-rays that Chandra and XMM-Newton can detect. The black hole and white dwarf pair should also be giving off gravitational waves, especially at their nearest point.

What would be the future of the star and its orbit? The combined effect of gravitational waves and an increase in the star's size as it loses mass should cause the orbit to become more circular and grow in size. In this case, the rate of mass loss steadily slows down, and the white dwarf slowly spirals away from the black hole. The white dwarf may also lose so much mass over trillions of years that it becomes a planet with about the same mass as Jupiter.

Astronomers are interested in these kinds of encounters because they may help explain how black holes of this size grow over time.

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[Star Tsar]

Asteroid Station

Asteroid (1998 OR2)

Published 3rd March 2020

Potentially Hazardous Asteroid (1998 OR2) is a giant of giants & is heading towards Earth in April 2020

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Post updated to include this from Dr James O'Donoghue

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Space.com

Asteroid 1998 OR2 Seen In Radar Imagery Ahead Of Fly-By

Published 23rd April 2020

https://cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net/DZg632LcfANESS86v7j26n-650-80.jpg

Arecibo Observatory observed asteroid (52768) 1998 OR2 on April 18, 2020. The space rock's closest approach to Earth will be about 3.9 million miles (6.3 million km) away on April 29.

Read all about it here: https://www.space.com/asteroid-1998-or2-photo-arecibo-observatory-april-2020.html

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[Star Tsar]

Asteroid Station

Asteroid Update Report For April 2020

Published 23rd April 2020

Complete List of Close Approaches

(2020 HP4) 2020-Apr-23 21:07
(2020 HQ4) 2020-Apr-24 05:40
(2020 HW3) 2020-Apr-24 18:29
(2020 HX3) 2020-Apr-24 19:38
(2020 HN3) 2020-Apr-26 02:18
(2019 HS2) 2020-Apr-26 15:40
(2019 GF1) 2020-Apr-27 00:55
(2020 FM6) 2020-Apr-27 04:35
(2020 HS1) 2020-Apr-27 22:05
(2020 HT1) 2020-Apr-28 03:39
(2020 HP) 2020-Apr-28 20:40
(2020 HG3) 2020-Apr-29 00:15
52768 (1998 OR2) 2020-Apr-29 09:56
(2020 HW2) 2020-Apr-29 12:23
(2020 HO3) 2020-Apr-30 02:06
(2020 GY2) 2020-Apr-30 03:45
(2020 HB3) 2020-Apr-30 04:06

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[Star Tsar]

Phys.org

Astronomers Find Formula For Subsurface Oceans In Exomoons

Published 23rd April 2020

https://scx1.b-cdn.net/csz/news/800/2020/2-astronomersf.jpg

So far, the search for extraterrestrial life has focused on planets at a distance from their star where liquid water is possible on the surface. But within our Solar System, most of the liquid water seems to be outside this zone. Moons around cold gas giants are heated beyond the melting point by tidal forces. The search area in other planetary systems therefore increases if we also consider moons. Researchers from SRON and RUG have now found a formula to calculate the presence and depth of subsurface oceans in these 'exomoons."

Source paper: https://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/abs/2020/04/aa37035-19/aa37035-19.html

Read all about it here: https://phys.org/news/2020-04-astronomers-formula-subsurface-oceans-exomoons.html

[Star Tsar]

John Michael Godier's Event Horizon

Dr. Claudio Maccone | Mathematical SETI

Published 12th March 2020

How does SETI search for intelligent life?
What is radio SETI?

SETI is becoming a complicated business as our capabilities to search increase, but the payoff increases. Dr. Claudio Maccone has worked on a mathematical way to look at those signals, perhaps far more efficiently than anything used before. It’s called the KLT, and may well lead us to the detection of a signal from an alien civilization.

Dr. Claudio Maccone books (sponsored links):
Mathematical SETI: Statistics, Signal Processing, Space Missions:
https://www.amazon.com/Mathematical-SETI-Statistics-Processing-Missions/dp/3642274366/ref=as_li_ss_tl?keywords=claudio+maccone&qid=1584002969&sr=8-2&linkCode=sl1&tag=eventhorizons-20&linkId=b159307a2af4d30dc194838567c2fa4f&language=en_US

Deep Space Flight and Communications: Exploiting the Sun as a Gravitational Lens: https://www.amazon.com/Deep-Space-Flight-Communications-Gravitational/dp/B010WFKHE6

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Dr. Claudio Maccone | Why We Should Search The Center Of The Galaxy For Alien Civilizations

Published 2nd April 2020

Is the center of the galaxy full of Alien Civilizations?
Will SETI find life at the center of the Milky Way?

Dr. Claudio Maccone spoke with John Michael Godier about why life may be more prevalent at the center of the galaxy. Claudio also discusses the idea of the singularity and why machine and alien civilizations may be found at the center of the milky way.

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Dr. Claudio Maccone | Can SETI Search Broadband Signals For Intelligent Life?

Published 23rd April 2020

Dr. Claudio Maccone has worked on a mathematical way to look at signals, perhaps far more efficiently than anything used before by searching the broadband. It’s called the KLT, and may well lead us to the detection of a signal from an alien civilization.

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[Star Tsar]

Whitley Strieber's Dreamland

https://www.unknowncountry.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/feature-dreamland-1024.jpg

Preston Dennett | Onboard UFO Encounters

Published 24th April 2020

Longtime UFO researcher Preston Dennett reports on his interviews with witnesses who remember being taken aboard UFOs. Listen to their sometimes wonderful, sometimes harrowing stories!

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[Star Tsar]

UFO News Network Sunday

https://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/965059077834289153/hrJA2uJn_400x400.jpg

Jan Harzan

Published 24th April 2020

Jan Harzan, the Executive Director of MUFON, joins us to discuss “Big Data” and UFOs, the MUFON symposium and MUFON’s role in the Capella Project.

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[Star Tsar]

UFO Research Queensland

Dr. Adam Dodd | Ignoring UFO's : Examining The Powerful Desire To Do Nothing

Published 23rd April 2020

For those of us convinced that UFOs represent genuine physical anomalies, the persistent tendency of governments, research institutions and individuals to actively ignore the phenomenon is an ongoing source of frustration. This pattern of deliberate ignorance suggests that the UFO problem is, at least in part, a communication problem. Taking J. Allen Hynek’s unpublished essay, “The Roots of Complacency” as his starting point, Dr. Adam Dodd (School of Communication and Arts, University of Queensland), will provide an overview of his own research on this aspect of the UFO problem, discussing how and why the UFO phenomenon is ignored at the level of individuals and institutions by examining the social and linguistic dimensions of ignorance.

About Dr Adam Dodd
Dr. Adam Dodd received his PhD in Media and Culture in 2009, and currently teaches media studies and communication at the School of Communication and Arts, University of Queensland. He has published widely on the cultural history of insect-human relations, and is especially interested in how representations of insects have historically shaped representations of extraterrestrial beings. He has been fascinated by all aspects of the UFO phenomenon since childhood, and wrote his Honours dissertation on alien abduction narratives in 1998, which was followed by numerous media appearances, including interviews on Today Tonight and Radio National. His most recent publication, “Strategic Ignorance and the Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence: Critiquing the Discursive Segregation of UFOs from Scientific Inquiry,” is the first scholarly article to critically examine how high profile scientists discourage public interest in UFOs, and appears in Astropolitics (Volume 16, Issue 1, 2018)

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[Star Tsar]

MysteriousUniverse.org

https://mysteriousuniverse.org/wp-content/themes/mysterious-universe-2/library/images/@2x-mu-logo.png

Khan!

Published 24th April 2020

Some leading researchers in the ufological field claim that humanity has faced and continues to engage in a hidden cold war with extraterrestrials hell bent on stopping humanity flooding into space. We discuss reports of space vehicle disabling ET satellites, electromagnetic astronaut murder and the strange infiltration encounters.

We also hear the story of a man caught up in the deadly motivations of aliens having his career and life almost destroyed.

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[Star Tsar]

Suspicious Observers | Space News | 24th - 26th April 2020

http://spaceweathernews.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/spaceweathernewsblackright-1024x329.png

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[Star Tsar]

Flare Aware

25th April To 26th April : 24 Hour Solar Activity

Published 26th April 2020

This short video is the 304 imagery from NASA SDO during the course of the past 24 hours (From Saturday, 25 Apr 2020 to Sunday, 26 Apr 2020).
From this video you'll be able to visually see sunspot, solar flare and coronal mass ejection (CME) events from the past 24 hours.
Learn about solar flares and protect your family and friends by visiting http://FlareAware.com/weather. Your source for instant severe solar weather alerts direct to your phone.

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[Star Tsar]

Geoengineering Watch

http://www.geoengineeringwatch.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/04/logo2.png

Global Alert News | Episode 246

https://www.geoengineeringwatch.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/hhnygf.png

Published 25th April 2020

Question, sprayed skies and the current situation, is there a connection? New science reports confirm that Covid-19 has been found attached to atmospheric pollution particles. How did that happen? Further, more lethal versions of the coronavirus are now showing up. Is the current pandemic the greatest foe we collectively face? Or are there far greater challenges looming on the horizon? With each passing week the walls continue to close in from countless directions, how much longer can the human race continue on the current course?
If our collective efforts to sound the alarm can force a critical mass of public awakening, the power structure cancer could be overturned from the inside out. All are needed in the critical battle to wake populations to what is coming, we must make every day count. Share credible data from a credible source, make your voice heard. Awareness raising efforts can be carried out from your own home computer.

Supporting link: https://www.geoengineeringwatch.org/geoengineering-watch-global-alert-news-april-25-2020-246/

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[Star Tsar]

SciShow Space

Three Ways We Know What the Ancient Solar System Was Like

Published 24th April 2020

The New Horizons spacecraft has given us lots of clues about the early days of our solar system, but we don't always have to travel billions of kilometers to peer into our past.

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[Star Tsar]

SEA

Venus - Earth's Lost Twin

Published 24th April 2020

If you look to the night sky, there is one object (besides the moon) that outshines the rest- our nearest neighbour planet, Venus. Today, Venus is a torrid, toxic planet, and very different to Earth. But the two planets share a similar size, mass and composition, and both are made out of the same materials- and we know think that Venus was once an Earth-like water world for billions of years. So why is Venus such a scorched wasteland today, while Earth has prevailed for billions of years?

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[Star Tsar]

Dr Maggie Lieu

How To Observe Comet Atlas

Published 26th April 2020

https://cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net/frL4DVKf2MmUf3sHV9THVc-1200-80.png

Comet Atlas will be visiting our skies this May, in this video, you'll find out just how to see it! Disclaimer: Now that Atlas is breaking up, you won't be able to see it with the visible eye anymore. You'll definitely need a telescope!

Extra reading:
https://twitter.com/Yeqzids/status/1252256328841523200

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[Star Tsar]

Asteroid Station

Asteroid (1998 OR2)

Published 3rd March 2020

Potentially Hazardous Asteroid (1998 OR2) is a giant of giants & is heading towards Earth in April 2020

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Post updated to include this from Dr James O'Donoghue

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Space.com

Asteroid 1998 OR2 Seen In Radar Imagery Ahead Of Fly-By

Published 23rd April 2020

https://cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net/DZg632LcfANESS86v7j26n-650-80.jpg

Arecibo Observatory observed asteroid (52768) 1998 OR2 on April 18, 2020. The space rock's closest approach to Earth will be about 3.9 million miles (6.3 million km) away on April 29.

Read all about it here: https://www.space.com/asteroid-1998-or2-photo-arecibo-observatory-april-2020.html

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Gianluca Masi

Potentially Hazardous Asteroid (52768) 1998 OR2

Published 25th April 2020

See 1998 OR2 live next 28 Apr.: https://www.virtualtelescope.eu *

On 24 Apr. 2020, we captured 199 images of the Potentially Hazardous Asteroid (52768) 1998 OR2, back to back and used them to create this amazing video: see the asteroid as it moves across the stars!

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[Star Tsar]

What Da Math? With Anton Petrov

Our Neighbor Proxima C Seems To Have Huge Rings Around It

Published 25th April 2020

In this video Anton will talk about a new discovery from the nearest exoplanet to us located in the Proxima Centauri system.

Source paper: https://www.pnas.org/content/early/2020/04/15/1912506117

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[Star Tsar]

Astrum

Can A Planet Be Bigger Than Its Star?

Published 24th April 2020

What makes a planet a planet? And what makes a star a star? Once we know this these defining characteristics, we start to notice that these definitions can overlap. Which begs the question, can a planet be bigger than its parent star?

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[Star Tsar]

Morn1415

How Fast Is Light?

Published 25th April 2020

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[Star Tsar]

Astrogeology.usgs.gov

USGS Releases First Complete Geologic Map Of The Moon

Published 27th April 2020

https://astropedia.astrogeology.usgs.gov/download/Moon/Geology/thumbs/Unified_Geologic_Map_of_The_Moon_200dpi.jpg

This new work represents a seamless, globally consistent, 1:5,000,000-scale geologic map derived from the six digitally renovated geologic maps (see Source Online Linkage below). The goal of this project was to create a digital resource for science research and analysis, future geologic mapping efforts, be it local-, regional-, or global-scale products, and as a resource for the educators and the public interested in lunar geology. Here we present the completed mapping project as unit contacts, geologic unit polygons, linear features, and unit and feature nomenclature annotation. The product overlies shaded-relief products derived from SELENE Kaguya terrain camera stereo (equatorial, ~60 m/pix) and LOLA altimetry (north and south polar, 100 m/pix). These data are not included with this download due to size considerations, but a readme in the "Lunar_Raster" folder provides the download links. This download page includes a PDF of the geologic map (right-side) with a brief Description of Map Units and Explanation of Map Symbols, as well as a JPG of the map for quick access viewing. This release is subject to update based on community feedback and peer-review.

Source paper: https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lpsc2020/pdf/2760.pdf

Read all about it here: https://astrogeology.usgs.gov/search/map/Moon/Geology/Unified_Geologic_Map_of_the_Moon_GIS?utm_source=twitter&utm_medium=social&utm_term=a0782f18-dace-4067-ba02-d2e232c35e2a&utm_content=&utm_campaign=usgs & https://www.engadget.com/usgs-first-geologic-map-of-moon-031051774.html?guccounter=1&guce_referrer=aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cucmVkZGl0LmNvbS8&guce_referrer_sig=AQAAACY3I1IKxNYCWAhh-tRe7p9PZGkvkjzdFlFMdSdxGc4lUMVANF0SLmsEgyUnRlw6aJNbnNcKxSiXtkVnTzW69P6fMoCwUV-jleSlgtdfSyhzoavEN3k57fo5zjl88Jancnhxywokio3DuZMlD0rB8U8XWB_qbZJzVg26Wd9_2BM0

[Star Tsar]

Suspicious Observers | Space News | 27th April 2020 | Sunspots Growing, Weather Alerts, Solar Forcing

http://spaceweathernews.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/spaceweathernewsblackright-1024x329.png

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[Star Tsar]

Nemesis Maturity

The Sun Shoots Out Two Coronal Mass Ejections

Published 27th April 2020

Two coronal mass ejections (CMEs) have been detected by STEREO A spacecraft on April 24, 2020. The CMEs were not squarely Earth-directed, and forecasters think they won't hit our planet.

However, shock waves in the solar wind billowing away from the CME's outskirts might deliver a glancing blow to our planet's magnetic field.

What caused the explosions?
Possibilities include a farside sunspot or collapsing magnetic filaments.

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[Star Tsar]

Spectrum.IEEE.org

Here Are the U.S. Regions Most Vulnerable To Solar Storms

Published 24th April 2020

https://spectrum.ieee.org/image/MzYxODgzNQ.jpeg

A new study about solar-induced power outages in the U.S. electric grid finds that a few key regions—a portion of the American midwest and Eastern U.S. seaboard—appear to be more vulnerable than others.

The good news is that a few preventative measures could drastically reduce the damage done when a solar storm hits Earth. Those include stockpiling electrical transformers in national strategic reserves.

Jeffrey Love is a research geophysicist at the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in Golden, Colorado and co-author of the new USGS solar geoelectric hazard study. He’s one of many voices in the worldwide geophysical community warning that geoelectric “perfect storms” will happen—it’s not a question of if, but when. Such storms can last between one and three days.

Read all about it here: https://spectrum.ieee.org/energywise/energy/the-smarter-grid/us-regions-most-vulnerable-solar-storms

[Star Tsar]

Volcano Time-Lapse

Volcanic Lightning | Sakurajima Volcano (https://www.volcanodiscovery.com/sakurajima.html), Japan

Recorded & Published 27th April 2020

At 22:46 JST an explosion with volcanic lightning did occur at Sakurajima Volcano, Japan. This recording is in real-time. What causes volcanic lightning?
Volcanoes and lightning storms are awe-inspiring, fear-inducing feats of nature. Put them together and you have a truly terrifying event. Volcanic lightning is a mysterious phenomenon that generally occurs at the early stages of a volcanic eruption, and it's taken scientists many years to determine its exact cause. It happens in two places: close to the ground in dense ash clouds, and high up near the stratosphere in the plume of volcanic smoke. For volcanic lightning near the ground, research suggests the cause is the rubbing together of individual ash particles, which builds up enough static electricity to generate a lightning bolt. Sky-high volcanic lightning has a more surprising cause: ice. Scientists think that as the plume of ash and water vapor rises from the volcano, ice begins to form in its highest layers. From there, lightning forms the same way it does in a thundercloud: ice crystals colliding build up enough of an electric charge to trigger a lightning strike.

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[Star Tsar]

American Geophysical Union

New Mexico's Volcanic Badlands

Published 27th April 2020

How long a lava flow lasts helps determine an eruption’s effect on a planet’s habitability. Lavas erupted quickly over days or weeks can release a lot of gas into the atmosphere and potentially alter a planet’s climate. But lavas erupted slowly over years or decades can release heat into the ground, which can warm groundwater and generate hydrothermal systems that support exotic forms of microbial life.

As lava advances, it inflates, just like rising bread. As the outermost lava cools, it forms a crust scientists can measure. In a new study in AGU’s Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets, Hamilton and his colleagues measured how thick the McCartys crust is to estimate how long it took for the lava to grow. The thicker the crust, the longer the eruption lasted.

The McCartys flow is huge, covering about 310 square kilometers (120 square miles). The 2018 eruption of Hawaii’s Kilauea volcano was tiny by comparison: at its end, the eruption had covered about 35 square kilometers (14 square miles) of land with lava.

To study such a large area, the researchers mounted cameras on kites and collected extremely detailed images from the air.

Combining the kite images with measurements from the ground, Hamilton and his team estimate that the southern branch of the McCartys was laid down over the course of about two years, but as a whole, the eruption could have lasted for over a decade.

Because the McCartys flow was erupted over a long period of time, the researchers suspect similar lava fields on Mars were also erupted slowly. They argue that the thick lava flows of Mars’s Hrad Vallis—in some places as tall as a 20-story office building—were laid down over several decades. These flows likely contained enough heat to have sustained hydrothermal systems hospitable to microbial life for hundreds to thousands of years, according to Hamilton.

The McCartys has attracted the interest of volcanologists for over a century, but it has many more secrets to tell about the geologic history of the Southwest and the search for life throughout the solar system.

Read the original research paper here:
https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1029/2019JE005975

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[Star Tsar]

Space.com

Skywatching Venus: 2020's Greatest Brightness In April

Published 27th April 2020

https://cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net/uqYeNWXRu2qg9KHjNVjL9A-650-80.jpg

Following a conjunction with the moon on April 26, Venus will get brighter on April 27 and reach peak brightness for 2020 on April 28.

Read all about it here: https://www.space.com/bright-venus-moon-conjunction-april-2020.html

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&

Comet Borisov Shed ‘Millions Of Gallons Of Water’

Published 27th April 2020

https://cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net/vv3HMxmZEVEEWyPvCHEnWQ-650-80.jpg

NASA’s Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory tracked the water loss of comet 2I/Borisov during its approach and swing around the sun in 2019.The comet "produced enough water to fill a standard bathtub in 10 seconds," on average, according to NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center.

Read all about it here: https://www.space.com/interstellar-comet-2i-borisov-strange-composition-discovery.html

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[Star Tsar]

Space Telescope Science Institute

Tonight's Sky: May 2020

Published 27th April 2020

In May, we are looking away from the crowded, dusty plane of our own galaxy toward a region where the sky is brimming with distant galaxies. Locate Virgo to find a concentration of roughly 2,000 galaxies and search for Coma Berenices to identify many more. Keep watching for space-based views of galaxies like the Sombrero Galaxy, M87, and M64.

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[Star Tsar]

APOD Podcast

Fresh Tiger Stripes On Saturn's Moon Enceladus

Published 27th April 2020

https://apod.nasa.gov/apod/image/2004/enceladusstripes_cassini_960.jpg

In today's image, we see the moon of Saturn known as Enceladus. This moon is known to have liquid water below the surface and expels some of this out as ice plumes from its southern polar region. Complex organic molecules have been found in this material which leads us to consider the possibility that there may be some type of simple life that could exist below the surface of this moon. Remember that the presence of organic molecule do not show that life exists here, but only that it could be a possibility.

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[Star Tsar]

Sputniknews.com

Russian Scientists Prove Life Can Survive on Mars, Venus, Jupiter’s Ice Moon

Published 27th April 2020

https://solarstory.net/img/articles/big/global-radar-view-of-venus-from-magellan.jpg

Theories about the possible habitability of Earth’s closest neighbours go back to the dawn of the space age, with scientists creating increasingly complex instruments to try to confirm beyond a doubt whether such life exists in the years since.

Researchers from the Russian Academy of Sciences’ Space Research Institute have completed simulations of the Venetian atmosphere’s conduciveness to sustaining life, discovering that micromycetes (a type of microscopic fungi) can survive and thrive in Venus-like atmospheric conditions, where high levels of radiation and sharp jumps in temperature are the norm. Specifically, laboratory testing found that high doses of ionizing radiation do not lead to the fungi’s demise.

Read all about it here: https://sputniknews.com/science/202004261079098796-russian-scientists-prove-life-can-survive-on-mars-venus-jupiters-ice-moon/

[Star Tsar]

Suspicious Observers | Space News | 28th April 2020 | Solar Eruption, Storm Alert, Amazing Science - Dipole Universe

http://spaceweathernews.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/spaceweathernewsblackright-1024x329.png

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[Bluegreen]

Former Nevada (Area 51) Senator Harry Reid knows more than he's letting on

April 27, 2020:
1254836730546384897
December 16, 2017:
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[Star Tsar]

Thanks BG but that story frustrates me so, regurgitated & dominating the narrative yet again :frusty:

The Zignal

Tom Delonge On The Pentagons UFO Videos

Recorded & Published 24th - 28th April 2020

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[Star Tsar]

The Higherside Chats

https://yt3.ggpht.com/OzECHITu696czeEkqazHKnE434C_JWZQh62tUknitSugsaIfSFPmTOe0QRhHz4fCrF6wFDrL0A=w2120-fcrop64=1,00005a57ffffa5a8-nd-c0xffffffff-rj-k-no

Richard Dolan | Close Encounters Of The Fifth Kind : Contact Has Begun

Published 1st May 2020

Steven Greer is a ufologist and retired traumatologist who founded the Center for the Study of Extraterrestrial Intelligence and the Disclosure Project, which seeks the disclosure of classified secret UFO information.

He joins THC to discuss his latest film: Close Encounters of the Fifth Kind: Contact Has Begun.

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[Star Tsar]

Whitley Strieber's Dreamland

https://www.unknowncountry.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/feature-dreamland-1024.jpg

Preston Dennett | Onboard UFO Encounters

Published 24th April 2020

Longtime UFO researcher Preston Dennett reports on his interviews with witnesses who remember being taken aboard UFOs. Listen to their sometimes wonderful, sometimes harrowing stories!

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Two Of Preston Dennett's Onboard UFO Witnesses Tell Their Personal Stories

Published 1st May 2020

Expect to be amazed and moved by the sincerity and emotional power of these incredible stories.

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[Star Tsar]

Somewhere In The Skies

Heather Taddy & Chuck Zukowski | A Return To The Alien Highway

Published 30th April 2020

Former law enforcement officer, Chuck Zukowski, who has been investigating UFO-related incidents for over 30 years, joins his son, Daniel, and investigator Heather Taddy, to pursue the cases the authorities ignore, finding evidence others have missed, listening to witnesses who are otherwise afraid to come forward and searching for definitive proof of UFOs … all along America’s Alien Highway. Chuck and Heather join Ryan to discuss their investigations and what didn't make it on screen!

Visit Chuck at: http://www.ufonut.com/

Visit Heather at: http://heathertaddy.com/

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[Star Tsar]

John Michael Godier's Event Horizon

Dr. James Benford | Are There Alien Artifacts In Our Solar System?

Published 30th April 2020

Von Neumann probes, self-replicating spacecraft, or Alien lurkers and alien artifacts all represent the idea that somewhere in our solar system there could be evidence of an alien civilization and that they may have been silently watching us from space for millions of years or longer.

Jonh Michael Godier spoke to Dr. James Benford about his paper 'Looking for Lurkers: Co-orbiters as SETI Observables', as well as other solutions to the fermi paradox that involves finding alien artifacts in our own solar system.

Looking for Lurkers: Co-orbiters as SETI Observables by Dr. James Benford: https://arxiv.org/pdf/1903.09582.pdf

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[Star Tsar]

Gizmodo.com

The Scientists Who Won't Give Up On The Warp Drive

Published 30th April 2020

https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_scale,fl_progressive,q_80,w_1600/g9ngrwjgxdhhayv55ug2.jpg

For most of us, traveling faster than the cosmic speed limit—the speed of light—is a science-fiction fantasy that breaks the very foundation of modern physics. But in the eyes of an engineering undergrad at the University of Alabama in Huntsville named Joseph Agnew, it’s a theory worthy of study.

The idea first came to Agnew in high school, when he became enamored of the warp drives he saw in Star Trek. “I thought about some of the technology postulated within,” he says, “and wondered what the scientific backing might be.”

Agnew isn’t just another Trekkie with dreamy eyes. In September 2019, he presented a talk on the subject (https://www.researchgate.net/publication/335213493_An_Examination_of_Warp_Theory_and_Technology_to_Determine_the_State_of_the_Art_and_Feasibi lity) at an aerospace engineering conference. Reports described Agnew’s audience (https://www.uah.edu/news/news/standing-room-only-crowd-engages-in-student-s-warp-drive-theory-speech) as “standing room only,” and the event attracted a great deal of media attention (https://www.uah.edu/news/news/standing-room-only-crowd-engages-in-student-s-warp-drive-theory-speech).

Read all about it here: https://gizmodo.com/the-scientists-who-wont-give-up-on-the-warp-drive-1843177029

[Star Tsar]

NewsWeek.com

Radio Signal Coming From Inside The Milky Way Detected By Astronomers

Published 1st May 2020

https://d.newsweek.com/en/full/1586593/milky-way.jpg

The signal is a fast radio burst (FRB), bright radio bursts that last milliseconds and appear to come from deep space. Because they are short-lived, they were often only identified in satellite data after the signal was recorded. Finding where they came from and what produced them has been largely a mystery.

The first FRBs were discovered over a decade ago. Since then, scientists have been trying to work out what is causing them. Suggestions have included cataclysmic events, such as the collision of two neutron stars or a collapsing black hole. But these hypotheses were questioned when a repeating FRB was uncovered. A black hole can only collapse once, because when the FRB repeated scientists realized either there must be another explanation, or more than one source can produce these bursts.

Over recent years, an international group of scientists has come together to solve the mystery of FRBs. The collaboration has led to the discovery of more FRBs, with researchers using the findings to home in on more of their locations across the universe. For example, earlier this year, one team was able to trace on FRB to a "odd" V-shaped star-forming region in a huge spiral galaxy half a billion light years away.

Until now, however, none appeared to have come from our own galaxy.

Read all about it here: https://www.newsweek.com/radio-signal-milky-way-frb-1501479

[Star Tsar]

Suspicious Observers | Space News | 29th April - 3rd May 2020

http://spaceweathernews.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/spaceweathernewsblackright-1024x329.png

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[Star Tsar]

Geoengineering Watch

http://www.geoengineeringwatch.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/04/logo2.png

Global Alert News | Episode 247

https://www.geoengineeringwatch.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/jjhy.png

Published 2nd May 2020

"It's in the air”, what do you think?
With each passing day our collective reality continues to be pushed ever further into uncharted territory. The true origins of the current pandemic are beginning to come to light, as are some of the agendas and objectives behind it. The paradigm we have all previously known is gone, where do we go from here?
Many are beginning to wake up to the conduct of our government, but we are late in the game. All are needed in the critical battle to wake populations to what is coming, we must make every day count.

Supporting link: https://www.geoengineeringwatch.org/geoengineering-watch-global-alert-news-may-2-2020-247/

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[Star Tsar]

Volcano Time-Lapse

Explosion | Popocatepetl Volcano (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Popocat%C3%A9petl), Mexico

Recorded & Published 3rd May 2020

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a5/Mexico-Popocatepetl.jpg

@ 01:35 CDT an explosion was registered.

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[Star Tsar]

Lowell Observatory

What's In The Sky? | May 2nd To 10th 2020

Published 3rd May 2020

Highlights for May 2-10 include Mars, Jupiter and Saturn in the morning sky and Venus in the evening sky.

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[Star Tsar]

Space.com

Asteroid 2020 JA Will Safely Flyby Closer Than The Moon

Published 3rd May 2020

Asteroid 2020 JA closest approach to Earth will be about 148,000 miles (238,0000 km) on May 3, 2020. The space rock is estimated to be about 9.7 - 22 meters (31-72 feet) in diameter and will fly safely by Earth.

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[Star Tsar]

What Da Math? With Anton Petrov

We Found Nineteen More Interstellar Objects Hiding In the Solar System

Published 2nd May 2020

In this video Anton will talk about a new study that suggests 19 of the objects in our solar system came from other star systems out there.

Source paper: https://academic.oup.com/mnras/article/494/2/2191/5822028

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Related musical interlude:

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[Star Tsar]

Dr Maggie Lieu

Space Suits Through The Ages

Published 3rd May 2020

Welcome to my channel! I'm Dr Maggie Lieu and I make youtube videos about space & astronomy. This week I'm looking at all the different NASA space suits and how they've changed through the years...

Extra reading:
EMU suit info: https://www.nasa.gov/pdf/188963main_Extravehicular_Mobility_Unit.pdf

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[Hermoor]

Asteroid 2020 JA Will Safely Flyby Closer Than The Moon

Do you know what the 'JA' stands for?

I've searched for 5-10 minutes to find the source of its name, but nothing is readily apparent.

[Star Tsar]

Asteroid 2020 JA Will Safely Flyby Closer Than The Moon

Do you know what the 'JA' stands for?

I've searched for 5-10 minutes to find the source of its name, but nothing is readily apparent.

Hello Bullseye & Welcome I had a good search for you & The best I can come up with from my understanding is that it's a random name from a designated catalogue?


https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/RecentMPECs.html

[Star Tsar]

Suspicious Observers | Space News | 4th - 8th May 2020

http://spaceweathernews.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/spaceweathernewsblackright-1024x329.png

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As mentioned by Ben, Courtesy of The Bad Astronomer

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[Star Tsar]

Learn The Sky

Taurus

Published 7th May 2020

Taurus is a very ancient constellation, and its myths and legends date back as far as 17,000 years ago. Taurus is also rich with easy-to-spot stellar objects such as the Hyades star cluster and Pleiades star cluster. This constellation is classified as a zodiacal constellation because the sun passes through its boundaries. Explore the stories behind this famous star pattern and discover the easiest ways to find Taurus.

0:31 - Intro to Taurus
1:41 - Pattern of Taurus
6:47 - Winter Hexagon Asterism
9:25 - Bright Stars of Taurus
11:19 - Celestial Objects of Taurus
12:35 - Pleiades and Hyades Open Star Clusters
15:48 - Messier 1 - The Crab Nebula
18:21 - Crystal Ball Nebula
18:51 - Legends of Taurus (Babylonian, Mesopotamia, Egyptian, Greek, Polynesian)
23:18 - Review of Taurus
24:16 - Photo Attributes

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[Bluegreen]

Only about 5% of asteroids are named.

When asteroids are discovered, they are initially named with numbers and letters encoding when they were first seen and documented. Once the asteroid's orbit is precisely known, it is issued an official sequential number. The Minor Planet Center at the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory gives them alphanumeric codes.

Although not common, the asteroid's discoverer can propose to the International Astronomical Union to give the asteroid a formal name.  The International Astronomical Union has established rules to guide the selection of names for objects located in different parts of the solar system. Astronomers are continually confused as to what protocols the Union uses to approve or reject name proposals.


http://i1.wp.com/formby.es/wp-content/uploads/2008/02/Zappafrank-posicion.png?w=576&ssl=1
Asteroid 3834 Zappafrank

https://www.planetary.org/get-involved/contests/osirisrex/guidelines.html

[Star Tsar]

European Southern Observatory

ESOcast 220: Closest Black Hole To Earth Found

Published 6th May 2020

A team of astronomers from the European Southern Observatory (ESO) and other institutes has discovered a black hole lying just 1000 light-years from Earth. The black hole is closer to our Solar System than any other found to date and forms part of a triple system that can be seen with the naked eye.

The team found evidence for the invisible object by tracking its two companion stars using the MPG/ESO 2.2-metre telescope at ESO’s La Silla Observatory in Chile.

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This video starts by showing a wide-field view of a region of the sky in the constellation of Telescopium. It then zooms in to show HR 6819, a triple system with two stars visible to the naked eye and a black hole, the closest ever found to Earth.

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This animation shows the orbits and movements of the objects in the HR 6819 triple system. This system includes an inner binary with one star (orbit indicated in blue) and a newly discovered black hole (orbit indicated in red). As we move away from this inner pair, we see the outer object in the system, another star in a much wider orbit (in blue).

The team originally believed there were only two objects, the two stars, in the system. However, as they analysed their observations, they were stunned when they revealed a third, previously undiscovered body in HR 6819: a black hole, the closest ever found to Earth. The black hole is invisible, but it makes its presence known by its gravitational pull, which forces the luminous inner star into an orbit. The objects in this inner pair have roughly the same mass and circular orbits.

The observations, with the FEROS spectrograph on the 2.2-metre telescope at La Silla, showed that the inner visible star orbits the black hole every 40 days, while the second star is at a large distance from this inner pair.

-7Cn0VIT_PE

[Star Tsar]

Caltech Astronomy

http://www.astro.caltech.edu/images/ct_main_bkgnd.jpg

Astronomers Use "Sunglasses" To Find Cloud Bands On A Brown Dwarf

Published 6th May 2020

Astronomers have detected what appear to be bands of clouds streaking across the surface of a cool star-like body known as a brown dwarf. The bands, resembling those that stripe the surface of Jupiter, were discovered using polarimetry, a technique that works in the same way that polarized sunglasses block out the glare of sunlight.

4tB1DMiMfRM

RmDUDWlWTJo

[Star Tsar]

Sky Scholar

The Microwave Background - COBE Satellite Results Explained!

Published 7th May 2020

https://science.nasa.gov/files/science-red/s3fs-public/thumbnails/image/COBEBIG.GIF

Dr Robitaille lends his expert scrutinization to the COBE Satellite Results.

cqM6lZOvZcs

[Star Tsar]

Dr Becky Smethurst

The Spirograph Nebula

Published 6th May 2020

https://cdn.spacetelescope.org/archives/images/thumb700x/opo0028a.jpg

It doesn't get much better than the Spirograph Nebula. Everyone remember playing with spirograph as a kid making those amazing shapes? They're called hypotrochoids and epitrochoids and you even seem to find them in space...

Willson & Aller (1951) - http://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/pdf/1951ApJ...114..421W
Ramos-Larios et al. (2012) - https://arxiv.org/pdf/1204.5816.pdf
Dopita et al. (2017) - https://arxiv.org/pdf/1705.03974.pdf

koOVGnS34WM

[Star Tsar]

PBS SpaceTime

How We Know The Universe Is Ancient

Published 4th May 2020

The universe is precisely 13.8 billion year old - or so our best scientific methods tell us. But how do you learn the age of the universe when there’s no trace left of its beginnings?

Y6Vhh70Lw9w

[Star Tsar]

The Cosmos News

Comet C/2020 F8 SWAN The Best In Years It Could Soon Be Visible To The Naked Eye

Published 8th May 2019

Comet C/2020 F8 SWAN It's looking to be a season for comets teasing skywatchers with their magnificent tails like elusive cosmic peacocks. Comet Atlas seemed to be a big deal earlier this year before it broke up and fizzled out. But just as that promising space snowball was cracking up, Comet C/2020 F8 SWAN was discovered in late March.

oNsar0Pn4aA

[Star Tsar]

NewsWeek.com

Radio Signal Coming From Inside The Milky Way Detected By Astronomers

Published 1st May 2020

https://d.newsweek.com/en/full/1586593/milky-way.jpg

The signal is a fast radio burst (FRB), bright radio bursts that last milliseconds and appear to come from deep space. Because they are short-lived, they were often only identified in satellite data after the signal was recorded. Finding where they came from and what produced them has been largely a mystery.

The first FRBs were discovered over a decade ago. Since then, scientists have been trying to work out what is causing them. Suggestions have included cataclysmic events, such as the collision of two neutron stars or a collapsing black hole. But these hypotheses were questioned when a repeating FRB was uncovered. A black hole can only collapse once, because when the FRB repeated scientists realized either there must be another explanation, or more than one source can produce these bursts.

Over recent years, an international group of scientists has come together to solve the mystery of FRBs. The collaboration has led to the discovery of more FRBs, with researchers using the findings to home in on more of their locations across the universe. For example, earlier this year, one team was able to trace on FRB to a "odd" V-shaped star-forming region in a huge spiral galaxy half a billion light years away.

Until now, however, none appeared to have come from our own galaxy.

Read all about it here: https://www.newsweek.com/radio-signal-milky-way-frb-1501479

John Michael Godier's Event Horizon

Shriharsh Tendulkar | Have We Solved The Mystery Of Fast Radio Bursts?

Published 7th May 2019

A discussion about Fast Radio Bursts or FRBs and the possibility that we have found one within our own galaxy with Shriharsh Tendulkar of the CHIME team. What defines a Fast Radio Burst? And are Magnetars the source of all Fast Radio Bursts? A magnetar with in our own galaxy has put out a signal like a FRB.

oc8FsImLUEU

[Star Tsar]

EarthSky.org

The Mysterious Yellow Skies Of WASP-79b

Published 7th May 2019

https://earthsky.org/upl/2020/05/exoplanet-atmosphere-visible-light-Rayleigh-scattering-800x747.jpg

Scientists studying the huge, hot exoplanet WASP-79b have found that, surprisingly, the planet has yellow skies instead of blue. But why it does is still a mystery.

Read all about it here: https://earthsky.org/space/wasp-79b-exoplanets-atmosphere-rayleigh-scattering

[Star Tsar]

CosmoKnowledge

The Five Largest Exoplanets Discovered So Far

Published 2nd May 2019

In this video, you're gonna learn about the five largest exoplanets so far discovered around the Universe. The largest planet in our Solar System is Jupiter. Since gas weighs much less than a rock, and gravity is the reason planets form, gas giant planets are much larger than rocky planets like Earth. They lack a solid, well-defined surface and are considered unpromising targets in the search for life.
Here are five of the largest exoplanets found so far:
5. KOI-368.01
4. CT Chamaeleontis b
3. ROXs 42Bb
2. GQ Lup b
1. HD 100546 b

yvZedUqAYtg

[Star Tsar]

The Richard Dolan Show

Suzanne & Scott Ramsey | AZTEC: Forgotten UFO Crash Retrieval

Published 5th May 2020

When most people think of UFO crash retrievals, they think of Roswell. While the Roswell case is worthy of research and attention, it wasn’t the only likely case of a UFO crash retrieval. Before anyone talked about Roswell, people were talking about another UFO crash: one in Aztec New Mexico on March 25, 1948. The case was discussed in a book published in 1950 and before long subject to a journalistic attack that completely discredited it – at least as far as the public and most UFO researchers were concerned. For years afterward, the Aztec case was widely regarded as a hoax. A few brave souls over the years continued to look into the case but it took the research of Scott and Suzanne Ramsey to convince the research community that this crash happened. The Aztec Story is remarkable mainly due to what actually happened so many years ago, but also due to the incredible effort of the Ramseys to rehabilitate this story and bring it back into our history, where it deserves to be.

-S-m6yqDuLY

[Star Tsar]

Somewhere In The Skies

Obscure UFO Cases - The Blue Ribbon Panel

Published 7th May 2019

This is a special panel hosted by Rob Kristoffersen of the Our Strange Skies podcast and featuring Ryan Sprague of Somewhere in the Skies podcast, Jason McClellan of Unknown: A UFO Podcast, Brent Hand of Hysteria 51 and Chris Cogswell of the Mad Scientist podcast.

The guys discuss some of the most obscure UFO cases they've ever come across and dissect them in all their strange and ridiculous goodness!

Ty52hhIEP5Q

[Star Tsar]

The Black Vault

https://www.theblackvault.com/documentarchive/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/11.gif

Why The OFFICIAL Release Of Navy UFO Videos Actually Means Something

Published 7th May 2019

Did you see the U.S. Navy OFFICIALLY released three UFO videos? Haven't we been down this road before? And most importantly, why does that even matter?

Join John as he digs in to explain how the legal process unfolded, and what likely paved the way for those videos to be released within an official DOD press release.

Read all about it here: https://www.theblackvault.com/documentarchive/navy-officially-releases-ufo-uap-videos-calls-them-historical/

jIv03o-SCvE

[Star Tsar]

It's [Redacted].

Afghanistan Had Its Own ‘Roswell’ In 1956, Secret Files Say

Published 3rd May 2020

0:00 Intro
1:14 Circular and square UFO reports in Afghanistan, 1956
1:30 "Reported landing of flying saucer"
2:35 Soviet Thread-3 reverse engineering study
3:41 "Cigar" craft seen in Pakistan in 1961
4:00 Project Moon Dust and crashed disc in Nepal
5:09 US State Dept. memo on "close encounters in Afghanistan" in 1980s
6:54 Closing questions

Not all of the 12,000 Project Blue Book reports have been noticed by the public...

One such file comes from 1956 Afghanistan, where an attache in the country sent a telex to Wright-Patterson Air Force Base detailing a UFO wave in the country and a reported "landing" of a metallic "flying saucer" with thick glass windows around its leading edge.

Four days later, Afghanistan signed a historic agreement with the Soviet Union to modernize its military and infrastructure.

In the 1980s, a US State Department memo details several "close encounters" in the country, speculating secret USSR technology may be behind them.

Today, we know a Soviet project code named Thread-3 did exist, and its goal was to figure out how UFOs worked and, possibly, reverse engineer them.

Were they successful? And did a saucer in Afghanistan jump start these efforts? Also, did the US pull its own "crashed disc" out of the region a decade later?

1956 Afghanistan Blue Book file: https://archive.org/details/1956-01-7340421-Afghanistan/mode/2up

State Dept. UFO docs from 1980s Afghanistan: https://foia.state.gov/Search/results.aspx?searchText=afghanistan+ufo&beginDate=19810204&endDate=19810204&publishedBeginDate=&publishedEndDate=&caseNumber=

1961 Pakistan UFO report sent to Project Moon Dust: https://archive.org/details/1961-04-8677021-Pakistan-Karachi/page/n1/mode/2up

Moon Dust photo log and USAF memo for crashed disc in 1968 Nepal (marked pg. 82, 83 and 84): https://www.dia.mil/Portals/27/Documents/FOIA/5%20USC%20%C2%A7%20552(A)(2)(D)%20Records/Other%20Available%20Records/ufo2.pdf?ver=2013-12-03-141324-473

QaL2IhoZzUk

[Star Tsar]

Paul Stonehill Paranormal Research

UFOs Of Shulgan Tash: Secrets Of The Urals

Published 4th May 2020

Shulgan-Tash cave is said to cause genuine horror among locals. Horror of this country of eternal darkness and darkness, as they viewed it… The underground people kept a lot of gold, their mills were put into action by underground rivers, and they also made excellent weapons… And those "someone" are representatives of the alien or extraterrestrial intelligence. By blocking the tunnels, they thus protect the approaches to their bases…

_1NIzPS0Bmw

[Richter]

Meanwhile, up at the ranch it's business as usual, apparently...
After watching four episodes of this 'show' I came to the conclusion this will definitely not be my
first choice to spend the next holiday.
GA76GJLuUY0

[Star Tsar]

I think your confusing your Ranches, Richter!

ECETI Stargate

https://yt3.ggpht.com/eWL_x8NokGVlHSrJrc-VuHzxs705XORZXi9yHWXYdPGTGmXc7XBcCvprRAFAMzQ57CuFrua7bA=w2120-fcrop64=1,00005a57ffffa5a8-nd-c0xffffffff-rj-k-no

ECETI Skywatch

Published 8th May 2020

From James Gilliland's ECETI Ranch at the Base of Mt. Adams, Located in Beautiful Trout Lake Washington.

0Ke6l61PAI0

[Star Tsar]

Suspicious Observers | Space News | 9th May 2020 | The Superwave Current Sheet, Top News Updates

http://spaceweathernews.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/spaceweathernewsblackright-1024x329.png

orG_LDbm9fg

¤=[Post Update]=¤

7sxF_srQwpU

[Star Tsar]

SciShow Space

Turns Out, the Sun Is... Pretty Chill

Published 9th May 2020

Life on Earth depends on the steady nature of our star, and an international team of scientists searched thousands of other stars to try to find out if the sun has always been as consistent as it is now. And According to a study published Monday in Nature Astronomy, scientists searching for habitable exoplanets should maybe be looking in some more exotic places.

WdWfk6DZYH8

[Star Tsar]

Thunderbolts Project

Space News | Mars Quakes Jolt Planetary Science

Published 9th May 2020

https://thumbs-prod.si-cdn.com/ZZlJBbUROBDUMZMbc-a714_7TNk=/800x600/filters:no_upscale()/https://public-media.si-cdn.com/filer/d2/61/d261be21-4de4-43cd-b729-11840ae5640d/5861_insight_movie_10-4-18.jpg

New scientific reports from scientists with NASA’s Insight mission reveal startling data about the planet Mars – data which challenges some fundamental ideas in planetary science.

In late November of 2016, the InSight lander touched down on the red planet’s surface. One of the most surprising discoveries for investigators came in April of last year, when the lander detected a rumble of seismic activity. According to the scientists, to date they’ve detected a total of 450 quakes, with an average magnitude roughly the equivalent of a 3 to 4 magnitude earthquake.

This discovery is highly significant, since space scientists have previously ruled out the possibility of plate tectonics in the Martian interior — the hypothetical mechanism that geologists have long believed cause earthly quakes.

However, as we explain in this presentation, the discovery of seismic activity on a world with "no plate tectonics" is not a surprise to proponents of the Electric Universe.

SOURCE STORY
Smithsonian Magazine – "InSight Lander’s First Big Batch of Data Reveals Mars’ Seismic Activity and Surprising Magnetism"
https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/insight-landers-first-big-batch-data-reveals-mars-seismic-activity-and-surprising-magnetism-180974268/

FROM THE ARCHIVE AT HOLOSCIENCE 12/21/2005
Wal Thornhill – "Electric Earthquakes"
https://www.holoscience.com/wp/electric-earthquakes/

LVsWWH92NSg

[Star Tsar]

Asteroid Station

Asteroid 388945 (2008 TZ3)

Published 8th May 2020

Asteroid 388945 (2008 TZ3) makes it's closest approach on May 10th 2020

YlWupNn4WXc

[Star Tsar]

TheDrive.com

X-37B Space Plane's Microwave Power Beam Experiment Is A Way Bigger Deal Than It Seems

Published 8th May 2020

https://cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net/WrfcxjubsHAwnMaeEmVsDQ.jpg

When the X-37B launches on May 16, it will carry a technology that could eventually allow drones to stay aloft indefinitely anywhere on the globe.

Read all about it here: https://www.thedrive.com/the-war-zone/33339/x-37b-space-planes-microwave-power-beam-experiment-is-a-way-bigger-deal-than-it-seems

Xb9THqrXd4I

[aoibhghaire]

Thanks Star Tsar for posting Post 29368,

I don't often comment on this thread, but Post 29368 is very important for planetary science geologists as regards Mars.
The supporting papers in the video provide the evidence that supersedes previous fundamental assumptions about Mars

This discovery is highly important and I do hope planetary scientists whom are working now, are going to base there future research on these new findings.
If that is the case, then it will have further implications for superseding fundamental origins of our solar system and beyond.

[Star Tsar]

Suspicious Observers | Space News | 10th May 2020 | Pole Shift Atmospheric Evidence, Cosmic Ray Health Alert

http://spaceweathernews.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/spaceweathernewsblackright-1024x329.png

geZEH15Kx_o

[Star Tsar]

Geoengineering Watch

http://www.geoengineeringwatch.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/04/logo2.png

Global Alert News | Episode 248

https://www.geoengineeringwatch.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/jjuyht.png

Published 9th May 2020

Are climate engineering operations being used to carry out other agendas?
How will the unfolding paradigm all across the world play out? Who is pulling the strings? How will populations respond when their lives can no longer be maintained due to the repercussions from the global lockdown scenario? What connections are there between the current crisis and the climate?

Supporting link: https://www.geoengineeringwatch.org/geoengineering-watch-global-alert-news-may-9-2020-248/

zijvBgFtoFk

[Star Tsar]

Seán Doran

Earthbound

Published 3rd May 2020

'Earthbound' is a real time video reconstruction of time-lapse photography taken from the International Space Station.

00:00:00 Red Light Green light
00:05:44 Awakening
00:11:38 Moving Forward
00:16:42 Losing You
00:22:53 Lament
00:28:12 Plateau
00:33:48 Tokoi
00:37:39 Whistling In The Dark
00:43:19 Ten
00:47:55 A Different Time
00:51:03 So Far Away
00:57:02 Relics
01:03:35 Neon melt
01:08:53 Ochre
01:14:21 Earthbound
01:20:04 Chasing Saturn
01:25:02 Edge of Darkness

Music by Phaeleh is available here: https://phaeleh.bandcamp.com/
Data source: eol.jsc.nasa.gov

x9vWyEPAboM

[Star Tsar]

APOD Podcast

The Porpoise Galaxy From Hubble

Published 10th May 2020

https://apod.nasa.gov/apod/image/2005/PorpoiseGalaxy_HubbleFraile_960.jpg

In today's image, we see the galaxy NGC 2936, known as the Porpoise Galaxy as imaged by the Hubble Space Telescope. This galaxy is in the process of colliding with the elliptical galaxy below and t the right of it. Galaxy collisions are a slow process, taking hundreds of millions or even a billion years to complete. However, this is the process by which we believe galaxies grew from very small things right after the Big Bang to the large spiral and elliptical galaxies that we see today.

TJ5Ouyvlj3g

[Star Tsar]

Dr Maggie Lieu

Galaxies Are Cannibals

Published 10th May 2020

This week Dr Lieu is talking about one of the leading theories of galaxy growth - Galaxy CANNIBALISM!

Extra reading:
https://www.nature.com/articles/35083656
Ibata + 2001, https://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0107090
Forbes 2020 https://arxiv.org/abs/2002.01512

liVWnKoWbCk

[Star Tsar]

Morn1415

What Does The Sun Look Like From The Planets?

Published 10th May 2020

6_JxHh2AuSc

[Star Tsar]

Nemesis Maturity

Three Bright Planets Join The Moon Before Dawn

Published 10th May 2020

Three Planets Join the Moon Before Dawn, May 11th to 14th.
A cosmic team-up of planets and the waning crescent Moon to dazzle skywatchers around the world.

PvrDfn0Am9U

[Star Tsar]

Thanks Star Tsar for posting Post 29368,

I don't often comment on this thread, but Post 29368 is very important for planetary science geologists as regards Mars.
The supporting papers in the video provide the evidence that supersedes previous fundamental assumptions about Mars

This discovery is highly important and I do hope planetary scientists whom are working now, are going to base there future research on these new findings.
If that is the case, then it will have further implications for superseding fundamental origins of our solar system and beyond.

Really nice to hear from you Aoibhghaire, I am posting the below video as a reminder of the initial results from The Insight Lander.
I hope our quantum universe is kind to you Aoibhghaire! :bearhug:

IRIS Earthquake Science

Angela Marusiak | Seismology In The Solar System: The InSight Mission To Mars

Published 25th September 2019

Angela Marusiak of the University of Maryland shares the very first results from the Insight Lander. What an this mission teach us about seismicity in our solar system & beyond?

Q3aPQfw3V8E

[Star Tsar]

SOTT Media

April 2020 : Earth Changes Summary

Published 6th May 2020

April 2020 brought us some chilly Earth Changes surprises, from record snow in parts of the US and Europe, to huge hail in Asia and the Middle East.

An arctic system blasted Canada, the Midwest, Northeast and Southern US, causing power outages in Manitoba, and Main, leaving hundreds of thousands without power. Snow records were broken in Colorado (30 inches), South Dakota (15 inches), and Iowa (11 inches).

Snow also fell in Dushanbe, Tajikistan, for the first time in 26 years... in Spring!

Global food production not only has been disrupted by the economy-killing plandemic, severe cold and frost also destroyed crops across Europe and the US.

Hail also got nasty around the globe this month, killing 5 people, ravaging crops, and damaging 6,000 homes in Vietnam. Hailstorms also left 4,2000 people homeless in Tripura, India, and covered in white parts of Saudi Arabia, Iran, and China... with added floods to the mix.

Severe storms, hail, tornadoes, and strong winds ripped through parts of the Midwest and South US, causing damage to many homes, especially in Indiana and Arkansas.

While all this water got dumped around the world, the Czech Republic is still facing the worst drought in 500 years.

All this and more in this month's SOTT Earth Changes Summary.

HBJLPTKtOyI

[Star Tsar]

Inverse.com

When We Find Aliens, They May Breathe Hydrogen - Not Oxygen

Published 9th May 2020

https://imgix.bustle.com/uploads/image/2020/5/6/2003db7e-970f-408c-a6ac-1e9e900afdf1-file-20200430-42935-1ymg3b9.png

The first time we find evidence of life on a planet orbiting another star (an exoplanet), it is probably going to be by analyzing the gases in its atmosphere. With the number of known Earth-like planets growing, we could soon discover gases in an exoplanet’s atmosphere that are associated with life on Earth.

But what if alien life uses somewhat different chemistry to ours? A new study, published in Nature Astronomy (https://www.nature.com/articles/s41550-020-1069-4), argues that our best chances of using atmospheres to find evidence of life are to broaden our search from focusing on planets like our own to include those with a hydrogen atmosphere.

Read all about it here: https://www.inverse.com/science/hydrogen-breathing-aliens

[Star Tsar]

It's [Redacted].

The Air Force Said This Object Was The Moon. Was It?

Published 10th May 2020

Before Project Blue Book came Project Grudge, an Air Force project its director later admitted was to debunk the UFO phenomenon. One file buried in the Grudge data concerns a cylindrical object photographed above Manhattan in 1950 — by one of New York City's most prestigious photographers (now featured in the Library of Congress).

The photographer, Irving Underhill, was adamant what was in the photo was an object, that wasn't there before or after it was shot.

The Air Force, though, had other ideas. They believed he misidentified the Moon, and forgot he was taking a time-lapse image.

In this video, we'll explore that hypothesis, and show its many issues, including the USAF's statement that the photo happened during sunset (the only time the Moon was in that part of the sky). Underhill's photo, taken at night, was used for a postcard titled "Night Lights from Queensboro Bridge."

In isolation, this may not be a big deal.

But the early 1950s were full of cylindrical UFO sightings, including several made by trained observers noting cylinders traveling — strangely — through the air in an upright position or at an angle.

December 1950 Grudge file (Underhill correspondence): https://ia801301.us.archive.org/view_archive.php?archive=/8/items/bluebook/1950s.zip&file=1950s%2F1950-03-9614319-N-Y.pdf

Underhill photos of object: https://ia801301.us.archive.org/view_archive.php?archive=/8/items/bluebook/1950s.zip&file=1950s%2F1950-03-6982374-NewYorkCity-NewYork.pdf

Teaticket, MA 1950 cylinder: https://ia601301.us.archive.org/view_archive.php?archive=/8/items/bluebook/1950s.zip&file=1950s%2F1950-02-9613505-Teaticket-Mass.pdf

1967 Newburgh, NY top/cigar: https://ia801301.us.archive.org/view_archive.php?archive=/8/items/bluebook/19XXs.zip&file=19XXs%2Fxxxx-xx-7471366-Newburgh-NewYork.pdf

Other individual two New Mexico and one Delaware cylinder sighting reports unavailable to link — are uploaded in Discord.

R6cNIb9n1Dk

[Star Tsar]

Glenn Beck's Blaze TV

Episode 22 | Luis Elizondo & Christopher Mellon

Published 10th May 2020

Glenn Beck interviews Chris Mellon and Luis Elizondo of To The Stars Academy of Arts and Science.

Interview can be viewed here: https://dai.ly/x7tsvdi


http://www.dailymotion.com/video/x7tsvdi
Source: http://www.dailymotion.com/video/x7tsvdi

[Star Tsar]

UFO Classified

Nick Redfern | The Rendlesham Forest UFO Conspiracy

Published 10th May 2020

https://images-na.ssl-images-amazon.com/images/I/41OWTDf2l8L._SX323_BO1,204,203,200_.jpg

In the final days of December 1980, strange encounters and bizarre incidents occurred in the heart of Rendlesham Forest, Suffolk, England. Based upon their personal encounters, many of the military personnel who were present at the time believed that something extraterrestrial came down in those dark woods. What if, however, there was another explanation for what happened four decades ago?

What if that explanation, if revealed, proved to be even more controversial than the theory that aliens arrived from a faraway world? The ramifications for the field of Ufology would be immense. In his new, sensational book, Nick Redfern reveals that one of the most famous UFO cases of all time was really a series of top secret experiments using holograms, mind-control programs, deception, disinformation, conspiracies and cover-ups. The shocking truth of a forty-year-old mystery is now revealed. And That is what Nick joins Erica to discuss...

NOO4e4v8eeI

[Star Tsar]

ECETI Stargate

https://yt3.ggpht.com/eWL_x8NokGVlHSrJrc-VuHzxs705XORZXi9yHWXYdPGTGmXc7XBcCvprRAFAMzQ57CuFrua7bA=w2120-fcrop64=1,00005a57ffffa5a8-nd-c0xffffffff-rj-k-no

ECETI Skywatch

Published 10th May 2020

From James Gilliland's ECETI Ranch at the Base of Mt. Adams, Located in Beautiful Trout Lake Washington.

Pjzz8GQMG0E

[Star Tsar]

Paul Stonehill Paranormal Research

Russian Military Pilots & Pentagon's UFOs

Published 10th May 2020

In late April of 2020, The Pentagon released unclassified footage showing "unidentified aerial phenomena" captured by Navy aircraft that had circulated in the public for years...Now let’s look at the opinions of Russia’s military pilots about the videos; some of the pilots have held very high ranks in the USSR and modern Russia. I will add my comments, too. I intentionally did no want to present opinions of reporters, journalists, Russian politicians, and other busybodies.

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[Star Tsar]

Mick West

Tim McMillan: The Challenges Of UFO Investigations

Published 10th May 2019

Investigating UFOs presents a number of challenges, many of which are not immediately obvious, but swiftly rear up to impede progress. There are straightforward issues, like military secrecy and people being afraid to talk because of ridicule. But there's also the issue of "UFOs" being things that are so far outside our common experiences that it's difficult to establish a shared baseline for conversations, leading often contentious and frustrating outcomes. Especially on Twitter.

Mick talks to investigative Journalist Tim McMillan about these challenges, and in particular how they apply to the recent Navy UFO cases: FLIR, GIMBAL and GOFAST.

Notes:

- I talk about the 1910 form listing UAPs at drones, balloons, or aircraft. The actual verbiage is "UAV, Balloons, and other UAS". UAV (Unmanned aerial Vehicle) would be military style drones (planes). UAS probably refers to "Unmanned Aerial Systems" - encompassing civilian style drones (quadcopters)
- I said US Navy Spokesman said something similar, and was talking about airspace incursions. I was probably remembering the quote from NBC News
https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/navy-confirms-videos-did-capture-ufo-sightings-it-calls-them-n1056201

Gradisher said in emails that the larger issue about the three videos is what he called an increase “in the number of military training range incursions by unidentified aerial [phenomena],” and he said all such sightings are investigated.

"Any incursion into our training ranges by any aircraft or phenomena, identified or not identified, is problematic from both a safety and security concern," he said.

While the objects in the three videos in question are designated as unknown, Gradisher said that as inexpensive unmanned aerial systems — commonly called drones — become more prevalent, "sightings of this nature have increased in frequency."

While popular culture may refer to unexplained objects as UFOs, the phrase “unidentified aerial phenomena” was borrowed from the United Kingdom and describes “any aerial phenomenon that cannot immediately be identified," Gradisher said.

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[Star Tsar]

David Whitehead

Richard Dolan The Pentagon Release: Psyop? Or Has E.T. Disclosure Begun?

Published 3rd May 2019

Richard joins David to discuss the pentagon release...

MvSDTXE32Sw

[Star Tsar]

Suspicious Observers | Space News | 11th May 2020 | More Pole Shift News, World-Ships, Weather Alert

http://spaceweathernews.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/spaceweathernewsblackright-1024x329.png

1k8VlWnmqOQ

[Star Tsar]

Sean Carroll

Lina Necib Ph.D | What & Where The Dark Matter Is

Published 11th May 2020

The past few centuries of scientific progress have displaced humanity from the center of it all: the Earth is not at the middle of the Solar System, the Sun is but one star in a large galaxy, there are trillions of galaxies, and so on. Now we know that we’re not even made of the same stuff as most of the universe; for every amount of ordinary atoms and other known particles, there is five times as much dark matter, some kind of stuff we haven’t identified in laboratory experiments. But we do know a great deal about the behavior of dark matter. I talk with Lina Necib about why we think there’s dark matter, what it might be, and how it’s distributed in the galaxy. The latter question has seen enormous recent progress, especially from high-precision measurements of the distribution of stars in the Milky Way.

Lina Necib received her Ph.D. in physics from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. She is currently a Sherman Fairchild Postdoctoral Scholar in Theoretical Physics at Caltech, and will be an Assistant Professor of Physics at MIT starting in the fall. Her research spans issues in particle physics and astrophysics, especially concerning the nature and distribution of dark matter, as well as techniques for detecting it and constraining its properties.

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Chandra X-Ray Observatory

A Bending The Bridge Between Two Galaxy Clusters

Published 11th May 2020

Several hundred million years ago, two galaxy clusters in Abell 2384 collided and then passed through each other.

Galaxy clusters are the largest objects in the universe held together by gravity, and they contain huge amounts of heated gas that glows in X-rays.

The powerful collision in Abell 2384 released a flood of hot gas from each galaxy cluster that formed an unusual bridge between the two objects.

This bridge is now being pummeled by particles driven away from a supermassive black hole in one of the clusters.

A new composite image contains X-rays from NASA's Chandra X-ray Observatory, ESA's XMM-Newton, radio data from a telescope in India and optical data from the DSS.

Astronomers consider objects like Abell 2384 to be important for understanding the growth of galaxy clusters.

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Galaxy clusters are the largest objects in the universe held together by gravity. They contain hundreds or thousands of galaxies, vast amounts of multi-million-degree gas that glow in X-rays, and enormous reservoirs of unseen dark matter.

A new image containing different kinds of light reveals the giant structures that can result when two galaxy clusters collide. This view of Abell 2384 has X-rays from NASA's Chandra X-ray Observatory and ESA's XMM-Newton, as well as radio data from the Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope in India and optical data from the Digitized Sky Survey. This new view reveals the effects of a jet shooting away from a supermassive black hole in the center of a galaxy in one of the clusters. The jet is so powerful that it is bending the shape of the gas bridge, which extends for over 3 million light years and has the mass of about 6 trillion Suns.

Over its more than two decades in space, Chandra has often observed cavities in hot gas created by jets in the centers of galaxy clusters, such as the Perseus cluster, MS 0735 and the Ophiuchus Cluster. However, Abell 2384 offers a rare case of such an interaction occurring in the outer region of a cluster. It is also unusual that the supermassive black hole driving the jet is not in the largest galaxy located in the center of the cluster. Astronomers consider objects like Abell 2384 to be important for understanding the growth of galaxy clusters.

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Fraser Cain

Dancing, Flaring Supermassive Black Holes Prove Stephen Hawking's Theory

Published 11th May 2020

The Moon orbits around the Earth. The Earth orbits around the Sun. And out in the distant Universe, astronomers have found a system that takes this logical progression to its most extreme. There’s a system where a supermassive black hole with millions of times the mass of the Sun orbits another black hole with billions of times the mass of the Sun.

How astronomers discovered this incredible interaction took careful observations, imagination, and the hard work of the Spitzer Space Telescope, taken during its final years of operation.

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Suspicious Observers | Space News | 12th May 2020 | Red Dwarf Superflare, Plasma Kink, US Climate Report

http://spaceweathernews.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/spaceweathernewsblackright-1024x329.png

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Volcano Time-Lapse

Meteor | Popocatepetl Volcano (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Popocat%C3%A9petl), Mexico

Recorded & Published 11th May 2020

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a5/Mexico-Popocatepetl.jpg

@ the Tianguismanalco camera, a meteor was observed at 21:47 CDT.

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News.MIT.edu

To Catch An Interstellar Visitor, Use A Solar-Powered Space Slingshot

Published 6th May 2020

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In 2017, a telescope in Hawaii detected our first celestial visitor from another solar system — a big deal, since we haven’t quite figured out how to visit them ourselves yet. ‘Oumuamua, the cigar-shaped interstellar object (ISO) whose name roughly translates to “first distant messenger” in Hawaiian, will certainly not be the last visitor to pass through. If the story of our universe is written in the stars, even a tiny fragment traveling a long way for a short visit provides a tremendous opportunity for scientific discovery. But in order to get close enough to read the next piece of the story that wanders onto our doorstep, we will have to catch it first.

To closely observe an ISO hurtling through space, time is of the essence. Richard Linares, an assistant professor in the Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AeroAstro) at MIT, developed a concept for a “dynamic orbital slingshot for rendezvous with interstellar objects.” He outlined his idea in a research proposal that was recently selected as a Phase 1 study in the NASA Innovative Advanced Concepts (NIAC) Program, which “funds innovative aerospace concepts that could enable and transform future missions.”

Read all about it here: https://news.mit.edu/2020/catch-interstellar-visitor-use-solar-powered-space-statite-slingshot-0506

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Phys.org

New Evidence Shows Giant Meteorite Impacts Formed Parts Of The Moon's Crust

Published11th May 2020

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New research published today in the journal Nature Astronomy reveals a type of destructive event most often associated with disaster movies and dinosaur extinction may have also contributed to the formation of the Moon's surface.

A group of international scientists led by the Royal Ontario Museum has discovered that the formation of ancient rocks on the Moon may be directly linked to large-scale meteorite impacts.

The scientists conducted new research of a unique rock collected by NASA astronauts during the 1972 Apollo 17 mission to the Moon. They found it contains mineralogical evidence that it formed at incredibly high temperatures (in excess of 2300 °C/ 4300 °F) that can only be achieved by the melting of the outer layer of a planet in a large impact event.

Read all about it here: https://phys.org/news/2020-05-evidence-giant-meteorite-impacts-moon.html

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Newly Reprocessed Images Of Europa Make The Icy Moon Even More Interesting

Published 12th May 2020

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Jupiter's moon Europa is the smoothest object in the Solar System. There are no mountains, very few craters, and no valleys. It's tallest features are isolated massifs up to 500 meters (1640 ft) tall.

But its surface is still of great interest, both visually and from a science perspective. And with a future mission to Europa in the works—possibly with a lander—a detailed knowledge of the surface is essential. It may have surface features called penitentes, that could be up to 15 meters (49 t) tall, posing a serious hazard for any lander.

Our best images of Europa are from NASA's Galileo spacecraft, which visited Jupiter and its moons from December 1995 to September 2003. Now NASA scientists are revisiting some of those image, and reprocessing them to build a better picture of the moon's surface.

Read all about it here: https://phys.org/news/2020-05-newly-reprocessed-images-europa-icy.html

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A Multilayered Haze System On Saturn's Hexagon

Published 11th May 2020

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A rich variety of meteorological phenomena takes place in the extensive hydrogen atmosphere of Saturn, a world about 10 times the size of the Earth. They help us to better understand similar features in the Earth's atmosphere. Among Saturn's atmospheric phenomena is the well-known "hexagon," an amazing wave structure that surrounds the planet's polar region.

Discovered in 1980 by NASA's Voyager 1 and 2 spacecraft, it has been observed without interruption since then, despite the planet's long, strong cycle of seasons. A fast, narrow jet stream flows inside this gigantic planetary wave where winds reach maximum speeds of about 400 km/h. Yet, strangely enough, the wave itself remains almost static; in other words, it barely shifts with respect to the planet's rotation. All these properties mean that the "hexagon" is a highly attractive phenomenon for meteorologists and planet atmosphere researchers.

Read all about it here: https://phys.org/news/2020-05-multilayer-haze-saturn-hexagon.html

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Nemesis Maturity

Jupiter/Pluto Conjunction

Published 12th May 2020

This year’s Jupiter-Pluto alignment may be the best for centuries to come.
2020 is exceptional for Jupiter and Pluto. These two worlds are having a triple conjunction. They’ll come together, move apart, and come together again three times in 2020. The first conjunction took place on April 5. The second one will come on June 30, and the final one on November 12.

Jupiter-Pluto and Mythology: Heaven Meets Hell?
In Roman mythology, Jupiter (Zeus to the ancient Greeks), is the god of all gods—the ruler of the sky and thunder. In mythology, Pluto (or Hades, to the Greeks) was the god of the underworld. During a Jupiter-Pluto conjunction (meetup), heaven and hell essentially come together.

Plagues, Pandemics & Jupiter-Pluto Conjunctions in History
While not every meetup is quite this eventful, some of history’s most devastating plagues indeed correlated with Jupiter-Pluto conjunctions.

The Jupiter/Pluto conjunctions of 2020 are just beginning. A Great Conjunction of Jupiter and Saturn is coming in late December 2020. This meet up of Jupiter and Saturn will be their closest conjunction since 1623.

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Galileo's Telescope

Measuring The Size Of The Earth : Eratosthenes

Published 3rd May 2020

First known measurement of the circumference of the earth. By Eratosthenes.

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Measuring The Size Of The Earth : Al-Biruni

Published 12th May 2020

Derivation of Al-Biruni's method for measuring the radius of the earth.

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PBS SpaceTime

How Luminiferous Aether Led To Relativity

Published 11th May 2020

As the 19th century came to a close, physicists were feeling pretty satisfied with the state of their science. The great edifice of physical theory seemed complete. A few minor experiments remained to verify everything. Little did those physicists know that one of those experiments would bring the entire structure crashing down paving the way for the physics revolution of the 20th century.

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NASA Goddard

NASA’s NICER Reveals First Ever Pulsar Surface Map

Published 12th May 2020

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Scientists have reached a new frontier in our understanding of pulsars, the dense, whirling remains of exploded stars, thanks to observations from NASA’s Neutron star Interior Composition Explorer (NICER). Data from this X-ray telescope aboard the International Space Station has produced the first precise and dependable measurements of both a pulsar’s size and its mass.

The pulsar in question, J0030+0451 (J0030 for short), is a solitary pulsar that lies 1,100 light-years away in the constellation Pisces. While measuring the pulsar's heft and proportions, NICER revealed that the shapes and locations of million-degree hot spots on the pulsar’s surface are much stranger than generally thought.

Using NICER observations from July 2017 to December 2018, two groups of scientists mapped J0030’s hot spots using independent methods and converged on nearly identical results for its mass and size. One team, led by researchers at the University of Amsterdam, determined the pulsar is around 1.3 times the Sun’s mass, 15.8 miles (25.4 kilometers) across and has two hot spots — one small and circular, the other long and crescent-shaped. A second team found J0030 is about 1.4 times the Sun’s mass, about 16.2 miles (26 kilometers) wide and has two or three oval-shaped hot spots. All spots in all models are in the pulsar’s southern hemisphere — unlike textbook images where the spots lie on opposite sides other at each magnetic poles.

Read all about it here: https://www.nasa.gov/feature/goddard/2019/nasa-s-nicer-delivers-best-ever-pulsar-measurements-1st-surface-map

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Sixty Symbols

The Corona Supernova

Published 11th May 2020

Professor Mike Merrifield from the University of Nottingham on SN 2020jfo - a potential target for backyard astronomers during the pandemic lockdown!

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SEA

UY Scuti - The Largest Star Ever Discovered

Published 11th May 2020

When considering star size, we are incredibly restricted with what we can't measure - the vast majority of the universe's stars lie outside of our galaxy, and are too far away to ever be measured. In spite of this, we have discovered some truly magnificent stars in our own backyard. Today, we will be looking at the biggest - UY Scuti. This magnificent titan of the cosmos is a staggering 2.3BN KM in diameter, and that is the least incredible of some of the numbers associated with it. Today, we will be analysing this star, and some of its close competition in the race for the largest star ever discovered.

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Inverse.com

Scientists Discover A Super-Rare 'Super-Earth'

Published 12th May 2020

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Although the cosmos extends across billions of galaxies, each containing millions of stars and even more possible worlds orbiting those stars, a planet like our own is still proving to be quite rare.

In the hunt for planets orbiting stars that aren't our own Sun, scientists have only been able to find a handful of exoplanets that resemble Earth. And each discovery inches us a little closer to finding habitability outside our Solar System.

A team of astronomers recently discovered a new 'super-Earth,' or an exoplanet that bears some similarity to our own planet.

The finding was published this week in The Astronomical Journal (https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-3881/ab893e).

The newly discovered exoplanet is located near the center of the galaxy, and is about four times the mass of the Earth. It orbits a dim dwarf star that's about 10% the mass of the Sun at a distance that falls somewhere between the orbital distance of Earth and Venus.

Read all about it here: https://www.inverse.com/science/scientists-discover-new-super-earth

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What Da Math? With Anton Petrov

Investigating The Galaxies Best For Intelligent Alien Life

Published 12th May 2020

In this video Anton will talk about the idea of finding advanced life in other galaxies and a new study that investigates the mathematics of most likely chances of finding life in another galaxy. The so called mediocrity principle..

Source paper: https://academic.oup.com/mnras/article/494/2/3048/5819448

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Podcast UFO

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Marc D'Antonio | Near Miss Asteroids, Dark Matter & UFOs

Streamed & Published 12th May 2020

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Astronomer Marc D’Antonio discusses the new finding of a nearby blackhole, near miss asteroids that can be undetected, what the heck is dark matter/energy? There is lots of discussion about the moon and cosmic happenings that we know of, the possibility that we may be visited currently by extraterrestrial UFOs and much more. He also discusses his book, The Populated Universe (https://www.amazon.com/Populated-Universe-Life-Very-Exception-ebook/dp/B082PRDRLJ)

Show notes: https://podcastufo.com/latest-podcast-404-marc-dantonio/

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Suspicious Observers | Space News | 13th May 2020 | Göbekli Tepe, Z-Pinch Star-Forming Fields, Pluto

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SciShow Space

How The Movement Of Other Planets Affects Earth

Published 13th May 2020

Scientists have found at least three cycles in nature that can be traced back to the alignment of the planets. And while they won’t tell you anything about your love life or personality, by studying them, we can learn about our planet’s past and future—and even how the solar system has changed.

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Dark Docs

The Cosmonaut Who Almost Walked On The Moon

Published 12th May 2020

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On March 18th, 1965, cosmonaut Alexei Leonov stepped outside of his Voskhod 3KD spacecraft for a total of 12 minutes and nine seconds to become the first man to ever walk in space. It was a harrowing mission - Leonov’s spacesuit pressurization failed during the walk, and he was nearly unable to return to the spacecraft. Leonov had a cyanide capsule with him should that actually have been the case. It was perhaps due to this experience and Leonov’s proven ability under pressure, then, that he was chosen for another historic first. The Soviet’s top-secret mission to the moon called for a similar spacewalk transfer to a Soviet landing vehicle. The Soviets intended for Leonov to be the first man to walk on the moon.

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Phys.org

Scientists Model Mars Climate To Understand Habitability

Published 11th May 2020

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A Southwest Research Institute scientist modeled the atmosphere of Mars to help determine that salty pockets of water present on the Red Planet are likely not habitable by life as we know it on Earth. A team that also included scientists from Universities Space Research Association (USRA) and the University of Arkansas helped allay planetary protection concerns about contaminating potential Martian ecosystems. These results were published this month in Nature Astronomy.

Due to Mars' low temperatures and extremely dry conditions, a droplet of liquid water on its surface would instantly freeze, boil or evaporate, unless the droplet had dissolved salts in it. This brine would have a lower freezing temperature and would evaporate more slowly than pure liquid water. Salts are found across Mars, so brines could form there.

Read all about it here: https://phys.org/news/2020-05-scientists-mars-climate-habitability.html

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ESA.int

Faults & Scars Near Tharsis Province On Mars

Published 14th May 2020

https://www.esa.int/var/esa/storage/images/esa_multimedia/images/2020/05/faults_and_scars_near_tharsis_province_on_mars/22013920-1-eng-GB/Faults_and_scars_near_Tharsis_province_on_Mars_pillars.jpg

Located just northeast of the colossal Tharsis volcanic-tectonic province on Mars, the landscape shown in this image from ESA’s Mars Express is a mix of faults, elevated ground, deep valleys, and largely parallel ridges, extending both down into the surface and up above the martian crust. This is a portion of Tempe Fossae – a series of tectonic faults that cuts across Tempe Terra in Mars’ northern highlands.

Read all about it here: https://www.esa.int/ESA_Multimedia/Images/2020/05/Faults_and_scars_near_Tharsis_province_on_Mars &
https://www.esa.int/Science_Exploration/Space_Science/Mars_Express/Sculpted_by_nature_on_Mars

[Star Tsar]

Volcano Time-Lapse

Eruption | Sakurajima Volcano (https://www.volcanodiscovery.com/sakurajima.html), Japan

Recorded & Published 14th May 2020

At 12:31 JST an eruption was registered.

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Smithsonian National Air & Space Museum

Shake Rattle & Roll: The Science Underneath Earthquakes & Volcanoes

Published 14th May 2020

What causes a volcanic eruption? Is there always lava? How are volcanoes and earthquakes related? Travel with the STEM in 30 team to the Pacific Northwest, home to some of the most seismically active areas in the U.S. Learn from experts about tectonic activity and find out if they know when the “big one” will hit.

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Suspicious Observers | Space News | 14th May 2020 | Electric Sky, Jupiter, Typhoon Alert, Herouni

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APOD Podcast

Comet Halley & Comet SWAN

Published 14th May 2020

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In today's image, we see Comet SWAN which had its closest approach to the Earth a couple of days ago (still tens of millions of miles away!) The comet is unfortunately not brightening as much as had been previously predicted and is already stating to fade. In addition, we see a meteor streak which is a bit of debris left behind by Comet Halley which orbits the Sun every 76 years and last visited the solar system back in the mid-1980s.

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PopularMechanics.com & The Verge

Chunks Of China's Powerful Rocket Fall Back To Earth, Narrowly Missing NYC / An Out-Of-control Chinese Rocket May Have Dumped Debris In Africa After Falling From Space

Published 13th May 2020

https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod.s3.amazonaws.com/images/long-march-5b-rocket-lifts-off-from-the-wenchang-launch-news-photo-1589323101.jpg

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The large core stage of China's Long March 5B rocket reentered Earth's atmosphere and plummeted out of control to the surface earlier this week. At 100 feet long and 16 feet wide, it's the largest piece of space junk to fall uncontrolled from low-Earth orbit in almost 30 years.

Read all about it here: https://www.popularmechanics.com/space/a32451633/china-long-march-5b-rocket-debris/ & https://www.theverge.com/2020/5/13/21256484/china-rocket-debris-africa-uncontrolled-reentry-long-march-5b

[Star Tsar]

SuperclusterHQ

How Orbits Work

Published 6th May 2020

This episode explains a fundamental part of flying in outer space: Orbits.

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[Star Tsar]

NASA

High-Altitude Hazes On Jupiter

Published 14th May 2020

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NASA's Juno mission captured this look at Jupiter's tumultuous northern regions during the spacecraft's close approach to the planet on Feb. 17, 2020.

Notable features in this view are the long, thin bands that run through the center of the image from top to bottom. Juno has observed these long streaks since its first close pass by Jupiter in 2016. The streaks are layers of haze particles that float above the underlying cloud features. Scientists don't yet know exactly what these hazes are made of or how they form. Two jet streams in Jupiter's atmosphere flank either side of the region where the narrow bands of haze typically appear, and some researchers speculate those jet streams may influence the formation of the high hazes.

Read all about it here: https://www.nasa.gov/image-feature/high-altitude-hazes-on-jupiter

Space.com Report

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Phys.org

SOFIA Finds Clues Hidden In Pluto's Haze

Published 14th May 2020

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When the New Horizons spacecraft passed by Pluto in 2015, one of the many fascinating features its images revealed was that this small, frigid world in the distant solar system has a hazy atmosphere. Now, new data helps explain how Pluto's haze is formed from the faint light of the Sun 3.7 billion miles away as it moves through an unusual orbit.

Remote observations of Pluto by NASA's telescope on an airplane, the Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy, or SOFIA, show that the thin haze enshrouding Pluto is made of very small particles that remain in the atmosphere for prolonged periods of time rather than immediately falling to the surface. SOFIA's data clarify that these haze particles are actively being replenished—a discovery that is revising predictions on the fate of Pluto's atmosphere as it moves into even colder areas of space on its 248-Earth-year orbit around the Sun. The results are published in the scientific journal Icarus.

Read all about it here: https://phys.org/news/2020-05-sofia-clues-hidden-pluto-haze.html

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Dr Maggie Lieu

Mercury Venus Conjunction

Published 17th May 2020

Since we have a Mercury - Venus conjunction coming up, this week Dr Maggie Lieu figured she'd make a video about this astronomical event.

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Thunderbolts Project

Space News | Standard Theory Of Moon's Origins Shattered

Published 17th May 2020

https://www.sciencealert.com/images/2020-05/processed/moon-carbon_1024.jpg

New scientific reports throw into disarray the standard theory of the origins of our planet’s moon. A decade ago, the Japanese Aerospace Exploration Agency’s spacecraft Kaguya spent a year and a half orbiting the moon and collecting data. The spacecraft was equipped with an ion mass spectrometer, and it detected something unexpected – an abundance of carbon ions, which were distributed “over almost the total lunar surface….”

The problem this discovery presents for the consensus model of the moon's origins is explained in a Science Alert report: “The reason that's a problem for the lunar impact formation model - in which a large body we call Theia collided with Earth sometime in the early years of the Solar System, breaking off a chunk and sending it into Earth orbit - is because volatiles have a low boiling point.

"But the Theia collision would have generated pretty intense temperatures - 4,000-6,000 Kelvin - which should have partially vaporised the debris, and boiled away the volatiles, producing what is known as a volatile-depleted 'dry' Moon.”

In this episode, we explore the theoretical pathways that the Electric Universe offers into lunar geology.

SOURCE STORY
Science Alert
– "Carbon Emissions Detected From The Moon Could Force a Major Rethink of Lunar Origins"
https://www.sciencealert.com/the-moon-is-emitting-carbon-putting-our-formation-theory-to-question

FROM THE ARCHIVE
Solar Nebula Hypothesis Ready for History's Dustbin?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yHjcnvLIOJY

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Dr James O'Donoghue

How Lunar & Solar Tides Work

Published 17th May 2020

Earth merely rotates through the tides: in 24hr 50min there are 2 high & 2 low tides, with the extra 50min due to the Moon orbiting a little each Earth day. The Sun also produces tides but at 46% the strength of Lunar tides: during Full/new Moon they join forces.

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[Star Tsar]

Suspicious Observers | Space News | 15th - 17th May 2020

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[Star Tsar]

Volcano Time-Lapse

Eruption | Sakurajima Volcano (https://www.volcanodiscovery.com/sakurajima.html), Japan

Recorded & Published 17th May 2020

At 18:55 JST an explosion was registered. Clouds/Heavy Dew Obscured.

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Steady Flow Of Gasses | Volcán de Colima (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volc%C3%A1n_de_Colima), Mexico

Recorded & Published 17th May 2020

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f7/Colima_volcano.jpg

A steady flow from the summit.

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[Star Tsar]

Geoengineering Watch

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Global Alert News | Episode 249

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Published 16th May 2020

Cold, warm, cold, warm, the weather roller coaster goes on in so many locations. What is it like in your area?
The global lockdown continues to take its toll, the president has stated the US military will be utilized to vaccinate all Americans. Societies all over the world find themselves facing a new paradigm that they never expected, but should more have seen it coming? We have collectively reached a crossroad for humanity, will unfolding events finally begin to wake populations to the wider horizon?

Supporting link: https://www.geoengineeringwatch.org/geoengineering-watch-global-alert-news-may-16-2020-249/

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[Star Tsar]

Flare Aware

16th May 2020 To 17th May 2020 : 24 Hour Solar Activity

Published 17th May 2020

This short video is the 304 imagery from NASA SDO during the course of the past 24 hours (From 16th May 2020 To 17th May 2020).
From this video you'll be able to visually see sunspot, solar flare and coronal mass ejection (CME) events from the past 24 hours.
Learn about solar flares and protect your family and friends by visiting http://FlareAware.com/weather.

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[Star Tsar]

The Cosmos News

Deep ‘Solar Minimum’ Feared As 2020 Sees Record-Setting 100-Day Sunspot Slump

Published 16th May 2019

While we on Earth suffer from coronavirus, our star—the Sun—is having a lockdown all of its own. Spaceweather.com reports that already there have been 100 days in 2020 when our Sun has displayed zero sunspots.

That makes 2020 the second consecutive year of a record-setting low number of sunspots— which you can see (a complete absence of) here.

Read all about it here: https://www.thecosmosnews.xyz/2020/05/deep-solar-minimum-feared-as-2020-sees.html

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[Star Tsar]

Lowell Observatory

https://lowell.edu/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/LowellLogo.jpg

What's In The Sky? | May 15th To 24th 2020

Published 15th May 2020

Highlights for May 15th-24th include Jupiter & Saturn in the morning sky and Venus in the evening sky. We wrap up this episode with a hunt for two galaxies that can be seen in small telescopes.

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Sagas In The Sky | Arcturus

Published 16th May 2020

Sagas in the Sky explores some of the stories behind the stars in the night sky. In this episode, we look at the story behind Arcturus, the red giant star in the constellation Bootes.

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[Star Tsar]

Fraser Cain

Catching Interstellar Objects. What If We Could Explore Oumuamua Or 2I/Borisov?

Published 14th May 2020

The distances to other stars are depressingly enormous. Sure, it’s incredibly far to get to Mars, Jupiter, and even Pluto, but at least you can design a robotic spacecraft to make the journey and see the science results in your own lifetime.

But in the case of other stars, interstellar flight times will take thousands and even tens of thousands of years to send just a robotic mission.

Fortunately, the Milky Way has got our back. Other star systems have been hurling comets and asteroids towards the Solar System. All we’ve got to do… is catch them.

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[Star Tsar]

MetaBallStudios

Asteroid Size Comparison

Published 15th February 2020

There are the sizes of some asteroids compared to New York City.

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Bright Side

Near-Earth Asteroids Size Comparison

Published 14th May 2020

What are the largest asteroids? There are millions of asteroids in the Solar System. They range in size from Ceres—the largest at about 940 km in diameter - to 2015 TC25 that is about 2m across. A lot of asteroids hit Earth in the past. Everybody knows about the asteroid that caused the extinction of the dinosaurs, right? But we won't get into that. Today experts track near-Earth objects trying to calculate their trajectories. Let's look at some near-Earth asteroids and find out how big they are!

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[Star Tsar]

Astronomy Cast

Episode 570 | Discovering Comets

Streamed & Published 15th May 2020

This week Dr Gay & Fraser Cain discuss the science behind discovering comets...

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[Star Tsar]

Scott Manley

The Accidental Spacecraft Splashdown Which Almost Killed Its Crew

Published 16th May 2020

In 1976 Soyuz 23 returned from space after a truncated mission and due to poor luck ended up landing in Lake Tengiz during a snowstorm. The recovery teams were unable to recover the spacecraft for several hours, while the crew were unable to get fresh air into the capsule and risked asphyxiation.

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[Star Tsar]

TheDrive.com

X-37B Space Plane's Microwave Power Beam Experiment Is A Way Bigger Deal Than It Seems

Published 8th May 2020

https://cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net/WrfcxjubsHAwnMaeEmVsDQ.jpg

When the X-37B launches on May 16, it will carry a technology that could eventually allow drones to stay aloft indefinitely anywhere on the globe.

Read all about it here: https://www.thedrive.com/the-war-zone/33339/x-37b-space-planes-microwave-power-beam-experiment-is-a-way-bigger-deal-than-it-seems

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Space.com

Secretive X-37B Space Plane Launched By Space Force

Published 17th May 2020

A ULA Atlas V rocket launched the X-37B Orbital Test Vehicle 6 (OTV-6) mission rom Space Launch Complex 41 at Cape Canaveral Air Force Station in Florida on May 17, 2020.

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Read all about it here: https://www.space.com/x-37b-space-plane-space-force-otv-6-launch-success.html

Full launch

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[Star Tsar]

BBC Sky @ Night Magazine

https://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/1088350971485392896/AVUn_eIt.jpg

Dr Savannah Jacklin | The New Mission To Study Worlds Orbiting Distant Stars

Published 16th May 2020

Astronomer Savannah Jacklin reveals how the Wide Field Infrared Survey Telescope (WFIRST) will use a phenomenon predicted by Einstein to study planets orbiting distant stars.

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[Star Tsar]

SciTechDaily.com

New Detectability Index Aids Search For Extraterrestrial Life On Exoplanets

Published 17th May 2020

https://scitechdaily.com/images/Detectability-Index-777x400.jpg

Whether there is life elsewhere in the universe is a question people have pondered for millennia, and within the last few decades, great strides have been made in our search for signs of life outside of our solar system.

NASA missions like the space telescope Kepler have helped us document thousands of exoplanets — planets that orbit around other stars. And current NASA missions like Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) are expected to vastly increase the current number of known exoplanets. It is expected that dozens will be Earth-sized rocky planets orbiting in their stars’ habitable zones, at distances where water could exist as a liquid on their surfaces. These are promising places to look for life.

This will be accomplished by missions like the soon-to-be-launched James Webb Space Telescope, which will complement and extend the discoveries of the Hubble Space Telescope by observing at infrared wavelengths. It is expected to launch in 2021 and will allow scientists to determine if rocky exoplanets have oxygen in their atmospheres. Oxygen in Earth’s atmosphere is due to photosynthesis by microbes and plants. To the extent that exoplanets resemble Earth, oxygen in their atmospheres may also be a sign of life.

Not all exoplanets will be Earth-like, though. Some will be, but others will differ from Earth enough that oxygen doesn’t necessarily come from life. So with all of these current and future exoplanets to study, how do scientists narrow down the field to those for which oxygen is most indicative of life?

Read all about it here: https://scitechdaily.com/new-detectability-index-aids-search-for-extraterrestrial-life-on-exoplanets/

[Star Tsar]

Isaac Arthur

Conscious Stellar Objects

Published 17th May 2020

Ancient cultures long thought the Sun had a mind of it's own, but could life form in stars by nature or exist by artificial origins, and what would star with a mind of its own be like?

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[Star Tsar]

Paul Stonehill Paranormal Research

When UFOs Harm People…

Published 17th May 2020

Mr Stonehill tells us of Russian citizens who have been hurt by UFOs.

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[Star Tsar]

It's [Redacted].

Brazil’s Forgotten UFO Files

Published 17th May 2020

0:00 Magé, Brazil rumored UFO crash and intro
0:41 São Sebastião craft landing and entry case
4:15 Barra da Tijuca flying saucer photographs
6:01 Spheres with antennae seen multiple places
7:18 Two-meter tall beings described in 1967 entry
7:58 Three humanoids standing near landed craft, Air Force file
8:24 Operation Prato/Operation Plate

Rumors are circulating online of a UFO crash near Magė, Brazil, but we have no concrete evidence of anything. That doesn’t mean the country is lacking in detailed, documented UFO cases though.

rarely-seen declassified documents disclose significant encounters in the country, including encounters with humanoids by educated observers, photo evidence of a flying disc deemed "legitimate" by the Brazilian Air Force, sightings of spheres that mirror those seen as recently as 2014 California, and the famous "Operation Plate."

While the origin of the sightings isn't determined, it does tell us two things: Brazil is a hot spot for UFO activity, and the country's military takes the phenomenon very seriously.

1956, Sao Sebastiao coast; professor enters disc for 40 minutes before leaving: https://documents.theblackvault.com/documents/ufos/Brazil/1956_ENVELOPE_04.pdf

Barra da Tijuca case with photos (in thumbnail): https://documents.theblackvault.com/documents/ufos/Brazil/1952_ENVELOPE_01.pdf

USAF/Condon analysis of Barra da Tijuca (Case 48): https://archive.org/details/DTIC_AD0680976/page/n215/mode/2up/search/barra

SIOANI, UAP study project in Brazil in 1970s: https://documents.theblackvault.com/documents/ufos/Brazil/1969_BOLETIM_SIOANI.pdf

Landing of craft with 2 meter tall beings: https://documents.theblackvault.com/documents/ufos/Brazil/CENDOC_ENVELOPE_02_1971.pdf

Operation Prato: https://documents.theblackvault.com/documents/ufos/Brazil/CENDOC_ENVELOPE_10_1978.pdf

*All documents originally obtained from the Brazilian Government by researcher A.J. Gevaerd and archived by John Greenewald at The Black Vault.

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[Star Tsar]

UFO Garage

Reed Summers | God & Aliens

Published 17th May 2020

Reed Summers speaks about the Allies of Humanity, "God" or the Source and our world's emergence into a universe full of intelligent life.

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[Star Tsar]

Cool Worlds

The Odds Of Life & Intelligence

Published 18th April 2020

If we re-ran Earth's clock, would life arise again? Would another civilization eventually evolve? Astrobiology is faced with trying to contextualize our place in the Universe using just a single data point. But even a single data point contains information. The key to unlocking it is a careful understanding of the selection biases at play and intricacies of Bayesian statistics. Today, we're thrilled to present to you our explainer video of a new research paper led by Prof David Kipping that provides a direct quantification of the odds of life and intelligence on Earth-like worlds, based on our own chronology. Presented & Written by Prof. David Kipping.

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[Star Tsar]

What Da Math? With Anton Petrov

Earth Bacteria Could Easily Survive On Hydrogen Planets - Jupiter?

Published 18th May 2020

In this video Anton will talk about new study that investigates whether bacterial life could survive in atmospheres different from our own. Turns out, hydrogen atmosphere is perfect for a lot of life on Earth.

Source paper: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41550-020-1069-4

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Missing Link Brown Dwarf Has Earth Like Temperatures But Could It Host Life?

Published 19th May 2020

In this video Anton will talk about a discovery coming from one of the newly discovered brown dwarfs similar in temperature to planet Earth!

Source paper: https://arxiv.org/abs/2004.12829 & https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-4357/ab6ef2

Planet 9 search: https://www.zooniverse.org/projects/marckuchner/backyard-worlds-planet-9

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[Star Tsar]

Suspicious Observers | Space News | 18th & 19th May 2020

http://spaceweathernews.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/spaceweathernewsblackright-1024x329.png

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[Star Tsar]

Space Weather Woman Tamitha Skov

http://www.spaceweatherwoman.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/onesheetbackground_sww_largecrop-1200x384.jpg

Solar Storm Forecast | Bright Region Fireworks & Chance For Aurora

Published 18th May 2020

Space Weather gets a bit lively this week starting with some spectacular prominence action on the east limb of the Sun. In addition, our Sun launches a solar storm, which looks like it will go just to the west of Earth, but it could very well enhance the fast solar wind expected to hit over the next couple of days. Aurora photographers, especially at high latitudes could be in for a show. By far the biggest story this week is the appearance of two new bright regions in Earth view. Both of these regions could be signs of the new solar cycle, especially the northern hemisphere region, which has been putting on a nice display of coronal rain as it rotates into view. Although this region has launched several solar storms while on the Sun's farside, it seems to be dissipating now so we may not see much more activity from it. At least these regions are boosting the solar flux back into the marginal range for radio propagation so radio operators can enjoy a boost in propagation over the next few days. Learn the details of the coming fast solar wind, the near miss of the coming solar storm, and how the new bright regions on the Sun might affect you this week.

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[Star Tsar]

SciShow Space

These Stars Are Being Eaten Alive From The Inside

Published 19th May 2020

In general, a star’s size will determine its final destiny. Some stars fizzle out, while others explode, and what seals their fate may come down to a curious, cannibalistic process happening inside their cores!

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[Star Tsar]

Phys.org

Scientists Puzzle Over Massive Star System

Published 18th May 2020

https://scx1.b-cdn.net/csz/news/800/2020/2-scientistspu.jpg

Earlier this year, an international team of scientists announced the second detection of a gravitational-wave signal from the collision of two neutron stars. The event, called GW190425 (https://spaceaustralia.com/feature/neutron-star-merger-creates-unusually-high-mass-object), is puzzling: The combined mass of the two neutron stars is greater than any other observed binary neutron star system. The combined mass is 3.4 times the mass of our sun.

A neutron star binary this massive has never been seen in our galaxy, and scientists have been mystified by how it could have formed—until now. A team of astrophysicists from the ARC Centre of Excellence for Gravitational Wave Discovery (OzGrav) think they might have the answer.

Source paper: https://academic.oup.com/mnras/article-abstract/490/4/5210/5607801?redirectedFrom=fulltext

Read all about it here: https://phys.org/news/2020-05-scientists-puzzle-massive-never-before-seen-star.html

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The US Seeks To Change The Rules For Mining The Moon

Published 19th May 2020

https://scx1.b-cdn.net/csz/news/800/2020/usseekstocha.jpg

Private industries have helped drop the cost of launching rockets, satellites and other equipment into space to historic lows. That has boosted interest in developing space—both for mining raw materials such as silicon for solar panels and oxygen for rocket fuel, as well as potentially relocating polluting industries off the Earth. But the rules are not clear about who would profit if, for instance, a U.S. company like SpaceX colonized Mars or established a moon base.


At the moment, no company—or nation—is yet ready to claim or take advantage of private property in space. But the US$350 billion space industry could change quickly. Several companies are already planning to explore the moon to find raw materials like water; Helium-3, which is potentially useful in fusion nuclear reactors; and rare earth elements, which are invaluable for manufacturing electronics. What they might find, and how easy the material is to bring back to Earth, remains to be seen

Read all about it here: https://phys.org/news/2020-05-moon.html

[Star Tsar]

Caltech Astronomy

http://www.astro.caltech.edu/images/ct_main_bkgnd.jpg

Professor Konstantin Batygin | A New Theory For The Formation Of Jupiter's Moons

Published 18th May 2020

Though they are all of similar sizes—about one fourth of Earth's radius—the four major moons of Jupiter are diverse: Io is violently volcanic, Europa is encrusted in ice, Ganymede has a magnetic field, and Callisto is pockmarked with ancient craters. But one open question still puzzles planetary scientists: How did the Jovian satellites form?

In this video, Caltech professor Konstantin Batygin explains a new model and theory for the formation of Jupiter's moons.

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[Star Tsar]

Dr James O'Donoghue

Light Speed Journey To Mars In Real Time

Published 19th May 2020

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[Star Tsar]

ESA.int

Ultra-Thin Sail Could Speed Journey To Other Star Systems

Published 19th May 2020

https://www.esa.int/var/esa/storage/images/esa_multimedia/images/2020/05/graphene_sail_in_microgravity/22024585-1-eng-GB/Graphene_sail_in_microgravity_pillars.gif

A tiny sail made of the thinnest material known – one carbon-atom-thick graphene – has passed initial tests designed to show that it could be a viable material to make solar sails for spacecraft.

Read all about it here: https://www.esa.int/Science_Exploration/Human_and_Robotic_Exploration/Ultra-thin_sail_could_speed_journey_to_other_star_systems

More on one carbon-atom-thick graphene

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[Star Tsar]

SETI Institute

Mysterious Origin Of The FRB Resolved? The Galactic FRB SGR 1935+2154

Published 19th May 2020

Researchers announced that they have discovered the first fast radio burst (FRB) detected in our galaxy, the galactic soft gamma repeater, SGR 1935+2154. Panelists from that discussion, Dr Daniele Michilli and Dr Wael Farah, to share their insights about this new discovery.

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[Star Tsar]

PBS SpaceTime

Mapping The Multiverse

Published 19th May 2020

This is a map of the multiverse. Or in physics-ese, it’s the maximally extended Penrose diagram of a Kerr spacetime. And in english: when you solve Einstein’s equations of general relativity for a rotating black hole, the universe does not come to an abrupt halt at the bottom of the gravitational pit. Instead, a path can be traced out again but you do not end up in the universe that you started in. Like I said, it’s a map of the multiverse.

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[Star Tsar]

Asteroid Station

Asteroids Passing Close To Earth At Lunar Distances This Week

Published 19th May 2020

4 New Asteroids Passing Close to Earth at Lunar Distances This Week

(2020 KA) 2020-May-19 01:03
(2020 KR) 2020-May-20 00:12
(2020 KD1) 2020-May-22 11:51
(2020 KU) 2020-May-23 06:26

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[Star Tsar]

NASA Goddard

Counting Comets

Published 19th May 2020

The Solar and Heliospheric Observatory, a joint mission between ESA (the European Space Agency) and NASA, was not designed to find comets — its original goal was to study the Sun from its deep core to the outer layers of its atmosphere. But nearly 25 years since its launch, data from this space-based solar observatory has led to the discovery of well over half of all known comets — upwards of 3,950 new comets found. The huge number of SOHO-discovered comets comes thanks to a combination of well-designed instruments, a long lifespan, the hard work of citizen scientists and a little bit of luck.

Read all about it here: https://www.nasa.gov/feature/goddard/2020/why-esa-and-nasas-soho-spacecraft-spots-so-many-comets

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[Star Tsar]

Chuck's AstroPhotography

Comet Atlas: A Bizarre Comet Within A Comet

Published 18th May 2020

Even though Comet ATLAS has broken up, it is not dead yet. A strange thing is happening.

A few months ago, newly discovered Comet ATLAS started brightening rapidly and some thought it might put on a show for the ages. But then it seemed to fade as it broke apart in the face of the sun's intense heat and radiation.

Skywatchers then turned their attention to another newfound bright comet, Comet SWAN. But Comet ATLAS still lives. It is lingering and has now become a BIZARRE comet within a comet.

Comet Atlas is plunging toward the sun and on May 31st will be inside the orbit of Mercury.

If parts of Comet Atlas do survive this turbulent trip around the sun and heads back out to deep space, it's expected to return for another visit...in about 6,000 years.

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[Star Tsar]

Nemesis Maturity

How To Watch Comet Swan

Published 19th May 2020

Comet SWAN (C/2020 F8) is about to have a close encounter with the sun--just inside the orbit of Mercury on May 27th. Although Comet SWAN is technically a naked-eye object, it's really not. Twilight glare overwhelms the magnitude +5.5 comet, so you'll need to use optics to see it.

A minutes-long exposure with a good digital camera should do the trick. The situation will improve after May 27th when the comet begins to move away from the sun.

During the next several days SWAN will stand just a few degrees high in the eastern sky 90 minutes to 2 hours before sunrise. If you're out at dawn find a location with a view as close to the east-northeastern horizon as possible.

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[Star Tsar]

Mt Tam Astronomy

Dr. Michael Busch | Near-Earth Asteroids

Published 17th May 2020

Near-Earth asteroids (NEAs) are small solar system bodies in orbits that come near — or cross — the orbit of Earth. This illustrated online presentation explores NEAs as unique physical worlds, as impact hazards to Earth, and as accessible destinations for spacecraft.
Our speaker, Dr. Michael Busch, is Research Scientist at the SETI Institute in Mountain View. He discuss all we know when it comes to NEA's...

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[Star Tsar]

ScientificAmerican.com

Astronomers Watch As Planets Are Born

Published 19th May 2020

https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/B6F9CFBC-8D99-4FF9-A88EA9808456FCDE_source.jpg

High-resolution images of the debris disks around stars are revealing how solar systems form.

Read all about it here: https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/astronomers-watch-as-planets-are-born/

[Star Tsar]

The Richard Dolan Show

Intelligent Disclosure | Brazilian UFO - Crash Or Hoax?

Streamed & Published 19th May 2020

A number of reports and claims out of the Rio de Janeiro region of Brazil have stated that a UFO crashed sometime after midnight on May 12, 2020. This was reported early on at Reddit and then elsewhere, receiving coverage in local Brazilian media and then elsewhere. But is it true? There are good reasons to be very careful about this story.

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[Star Tsar]

Podcast UFO

http://podcastufo.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/12/600-x-600-.jpg

Randall Nickerson | The Ariel Phenomenon, Francis Chirimuuta & More

Streamed & Published 19th May 2020

Guest Randall Nickerson discusses the future release of his long-awaited film, Ariel Phenomenon. Special guest, Ariel School Incident witness, Francis Chirimuuta joins us for a few minutes. Randall further discusses some of the hundreds of interviews of the Ariel School experiencers, and of recently connecting to a witness he has looked for since the beginning of his filming. He talks about recent events, the bigger picture/higher issue of what may be going on, plus his own personal sighting while working on his roof last summer.

RANDALL NICKERSON began his career in 1987 as a stage and film actor, before shooting and producing several short fiction and documentary works. He also supported himself through work as a piano technician and Electrician. Among his many interests are flying, playing piano, electronics, and scuba diving, Nickerson’s time in Zimbabwe, South Africa, Zambia, Botswana, Namibia, and Egypt eventually led to his directorial debut, and independent feature-length documentary, Ariel Phenomenon.

Arielphenomenon.com
https://www.indiegogo.com/projects/ariel-phenomenon-post-production-campaign#/
StringTheoryFilmsLLC.com
Facebook.com/arielschooldocumentary
Randallnickersonphotography.com

Show notes: https://podcastufo.com/latest-show-405-randall-nickerson/

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[Star Tsar]

Apologia Studios

Dr Raymond Boeche | Cultish: UFO's & The World Of The Occult

Published 13th & 18th May 2020

In our latest series, we are joined Guest Dr Raymond Boeche is the Founder and former director of the Fortean Research Center & has been involved in the study of unexplained phenomena since 1965. ⠀
He has served as Nebraska State Director for the Mutual UFO Network, on the Board of Advisors for Citizens Against UFO Secrecy, and in various capacities with numerous other organizations around the world involved in the study of unexplained phenomena.⠀⠀
While Government secrecy have always been part and parcel to UFO sightings, its connection to the world of the occult & black magic has been incredibly underplayed. ⠀
Is there a spiritual danger to this phenomena, that well known spokespeople in the UFO community like Jeremy Corbell, George Knapp, & Louis Elizondo might not fully be wary of?⠀

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[Star Tsar]

PopularMechanics.com

Which Exoplanets Are Most Likely To Host Alien Life?

Published 19th May 2020

https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod.s3.amazonaws.com/images/upwelling-1589906337.jpg

Since 1992, we've discovered over 4,000 exoplanets in star systems across the universe. Planetary scientists are searching for answers to some of life's key questions: Are we alone? What makes an exoplanet potentially habitable? And what conditions do there need to be on that world in order for life to exist?
Researchers have long used our own home—which lies within the sun's habitable zone and is home to lots of liquid water—as the gold standard, seeking out planets in other systems that are just like Earth.
When evaluating the potential for life on other worlds, planetary scientists often assess its size, mass, and atmosphere first.
Now, one team argues it may be time to broaden our horizons..

Read all about it here: https://www.popularmechanics.com/space/deep-space/a32585630/exoplanets-alien-life-oceans/

[Star Tsar]

Space.com

Baby Exoplanet Spotted Growing Around Distant Star

Published 20th May 2020

https://cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net/SpqA6N2ZPcsiSsaXsCPrzZ-650-80.jpg

Planets' origin stories apparently come with a twist.

The European Southern Observatory's Very Large Telescope (VLT) in Chile has captured an image of a planet being born around the young star AB Aurigae, which lies 520 light-years from Earth in the constellation Auriga (The Charioteer).

Like previous AB Aurigae images taken by the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA), this new photo shows spiral arms forming in the thick disk of dust and gas surrounding the star. These spirals are evidence of newly forming worlds, which churn up protoplanetary disks, scientists have said.

Read all about it here: https://www.space.com/alien-planet-birth-ab-aurigae-photo-eso-vlt.html

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[Star Tsar]

Suspicious Observers | Space News | 20th May 2020 | Pluto Atmospheric Collapse, Stronger Storms, SOFIA

http://spaceweathernews.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/spaceweathernewsblackright-1024x329.png

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[Star Tsar]

Galileo's Telescope

Measuring The Size Of The Earth : Eratosthenes

Published 3rd May 2020

First known measurement of the circumference of the earth. By Eratosthenes.

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Measuring The Size Of The Earth : Al-Biruni

Published 12th May 2020

Derivation of Al-Biruni's method for measuring the radius of the earth.

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Fermat's Principle & Al-Biruni's Error

Published 20th May 2020

Using Fermat's Principle to determine the error in Al-Biruni's method for measuring the radius of the earth.

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[Star Tsar]

Astrum

How Big Can Solar Systems Get?

Published 20th May 2020

How big do you think our solar system is? Up until Pluto? A bit beyond? How big can other solar systems get? Astrum answers!

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[Star Tsar]

Seeker

The Hidden Phenomenon The First Black Hole Photo Didn’t Show You

Published 20th May 2020

https://www.sciencealert.com/images/2020-03/processed/black-hole-photons_1024.jpg

About one year ago, we took the first-ever photo of a black hole. And now, a team of scientists have taken things to the next level by performing calculations to further predict how we could see black holes up close and personal in far more detail in the future.

In April 2019, scientists unveiled the first image ever taken of a black hole. The photo of the supermassive black hole M87* was captured by the Event Horizon Telescope, or EHT. Comprising eight radio telescopes around the world working together, the EHT is effectively a telescope the size of the planet.

Black holes have been historically difficult to capture in an image as they are by nature invisible. And so, technically, EHT didn't take a photo of M87* but rather captured a picture of the black hole’s shadow. Knowing the size of the black hole’s shadow against the accretion disk can help determine the mass of the black hole, and currently the EHT is accurate to within about 10%.

But what lies between a black hole’s shadow and the accretion disk? Well, Einstein's Theory of General Relativity predicts there is another layer called a photon ring and that is exactly what scientists are working to capture an image of next.

Read More:
Event Horizon Telescope
https://eventhorizontelescope.org/
The Event Horizon Telescope is an international collaboration capturing images of black holes using a virtual Earth-sized telescope.

There Are Infinite Rings of Light Around Black Holes. Here's How We Could See Them
https://www.sciencealert.com/sending-telescopes-to-space-could-reveal-the-infinite-rings-around-a-black-hole
If a passing photon is a bit too close, it will get trapped in orbit around the black hole. This creates what is called a "photon ring" or "photon sphere", a perfect ring of light predicted to surround the black hole, inside the inner rim of the accretion disc, but outside the event horizon.

Infinite Visions Were Hiding in the First Black Hole Image’s Rings
https://www.nytimes.com/2020/03/28/science/black-hole-rings.html
If they could increase the size of their event horizon network by adding an antenna in space, Dr. Doeleman said, they could gain enough resolution to see individual photon rings, as they are called, turning the event horizon into “a true cosmic laboratory for testing our most fundamental theories.”

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[Star Tsar]

TheEcologist.org

Mapping Beneath The Earth's Surface

Published 20th May 2020

https://theecologist.org/sites/default/files/styles/inline_l/public/2020-05/earth-1617121_1280.jpg

A UK team led by researchers at Cardiff University are combining state-of-the-art technology with the latest high-performance computing to create the very first 4D maps of the Earth’s mantle – a huge layer of slowly moving rock that sits beneath our surface.

This circulation of rock has quite literally shaped the world we live in today, from our islands and continents to our mountain ranges and ocean floor ridges, and therefore holds the blueprint for how our planet has evolved.

The team aims to create computerised maps of the flow of the Earth’s mantle over the past 1 billion years, representing the temperature, density, and velocity of the mantle over that time period, providing a complete 4D model.

Read all about it here: https://theecologist.org/2020/may/20/mapping-beneath-earths-surface

[Star Tsar]

Phys.org

Swarm Probes Weakening Of Earth's Magnetic Field

Published 20th May 2020

https://scx1.b-cdn.net/csz/news/800/2020/swarmprobesw.jpg

In an area stretching from Africa to South America, Earth's magnetic field is gradually weakening. This strange behaviour has geophysicists puzzled and is causing technical disturbances in satellites orbiting Earth. Scientists are using data from ESA's Swarm constellation to improve our understanding of this area known as the 'South Atlantic Anomaly.'

Earth's magnetic field is vital to life on our planet. It is a complex and dynamic force that protects us from cosmic radiation and charged particles from the Sun. The magnetic field is largely generated by an ocean of superheated, swirling liquid iron that makes up the outer core around 3000 km beneath our feet. Acting as a spinning conductor in a bicycle dynamo, it creates electrical currents, which in turn, generate our continuously changing electromagnetic field.

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Read all about it here: https://phys.org/news/2020-05-swarm-probes-weakening-earth-magnetic.html

More on the SWARM mission

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[Star Tsar]

Volcano Time-Lapse

Eruption | Sakurajima Volcano (https://www.volcanodiscovery.com/sakurajima.html), Japan

Recorded & Published 20th May 2020

At 19:37 JST an explosion was registered.

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At 22:45 JST an eruption was recorded. A powerful blast! Lots of lava!

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The view from Kagoshima City. Quite a bit of lava came over the back of the crater.

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SciTechDaily.com

Clues To Chilly Ancient Mars Buried In Rocks Discovered By NASA’s Curiosity Rover

Published 19th May 2020

https://scitechdaily.com/images/3D-Models-Carbonate-Oxalate.gif

By studying the chemical elements on Mars today — including carbon and oxygen — scientists can work backwards to piece together the history of a planet that once had the conditions necessary to support life.

Weaving this story, element by element, from roughly 140 million miles (225 million kilometers) away is a painstaking process. But scientists aren’t the type to be easily deterred. Orbiters and rovers at Mars have confirmed that the planet once had liquid water, thanks to clues that include dry riverbeds, ancient shorelines, and salty surface chemistry. Using NASA’s Curiosity Rover, scientists have found evidence for long-lived lakes. They’ve also dug up organic compounds, or life’s chemical building blocks. The combination of liquid water and organic compounds compels scientists to keep searching Mars for signs of past — or present — life.

Read all about it here: https://scitechdaily.com/clues-to-chilly-ancient-mars-buried-in-rocks-discovered-by-nasas-curiosity-rover/

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Fraser Cain

Searching For Ice In The Moon’s Shadowed Craters

Published 20th May 2020

When you’re out in space, water is the most precious resource you can get your hands on. It can be used for air, water, to grow food, radiation shielding, and most importantly, as the propellant for your spacecraft.

Exploration of the Moon has revealed that there’s a tremendous amount of water ice locked into the regolith, but it’s probably very difficult to access. But there are also permanently shadowed craters at the Moon’s poles that could have more than enough water to support a permanently inhabitable station on the Moon.

But it’s going to be tricky to get at, considering the fact that temperatures in the shadows plunge to -240 degrees Celsius, just 30 degrees above absolute zero.

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Related musical interlude

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[Star Tsar]

Nemesis Maturity

Penumbral Lunar Eclipse - The Moon Is About To Pass Through The Earth's Shadow

Published 23rd May 2020

http://www.eclipsewise.com/lunar/LEping/2001-2100/LE2020-06-05N.gif

The Moon is About to Pass Through the Earth's Shadow - Penumbral Lunar Eclipse June 5, 2020

If you are in Asia, Australia, Europe, and Africa, you might see the Moon turn a shade darker during the maximum phase of this penumbral lunar eclipse, which is the second of four such eclipses in 2020.

A Penumbral Lunar Eclipse will take place on June 5, 2020. The Eclipse' will start at 17:45 UTC on June 5, and reach the maximum eclipse at 19:25 UTC. It will end at 21:04 UTC, on June 5, 2020.

A penumbral eclipse occurs when the Moon passes through the Earth's shadow, or penumbra. During this type of eclipse the Moon will darken slightly but not completely. The total duration of the eclipse is 3 hours, 19 minutes. Keep in mind that most penumbral lunar eclipses cannot be easily distinguished from a usual Full Moon.

Regions seeing, at least, some parts of the eclipse: Much of Europe, Much of Asia, Australia, Africa, South/East South America, Pacific, Atlantic, Indian Ocean, Antarctica.

Read all about it here: https://www.timeanddate.com/eclipse/lunar/2020-june-5 & http://www.eclipsewise.com/lunar/LEprime/2001-2100/LE2020Jun05Nprime.html

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Comet SWAN Headed For A Close Encounter With The Sun

Published 22nd May 2020

Comet SWAN (C/2020 F8) is not easy to see. Days away from its close approach to the sun, SWAN makes only the briefest appearance in the pre-dawn sky, just above the northeastern horizon where it is nearly swallowed by the glow of sunrise. The low-hanging comet is easily blocked by trees, buildings and clouds.

Current estimates of SWAN's magnitude range from +7 to +6--that is, just below the threshold for naked-eye visibility. In fact, Comet SWAN is turning into a bit of a disappointment. Following a naked-eye outburst in late April, the comet was widely expected to put on a good show this month. Instead, it is fizzling.

On May 27th, Comet SWAN will swing past the sun near the orbit of Mercury. There, intense solar heat might either re-energize the comet or, more likely, doom it. Astronomers are encouraged to monitor developments. For the rest of the month, the comet may be found in the constellation Perseus.

Read all about it here: https://www.cobs.si/

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[Star Tsar]

Thunderbolts Project

Space News | Electric Asteroid Breaks The Rules

Published 24th May 2020

A team of scientists has observed an object which is again blurring the line between asteroids and comets. Scientists using the University of Hawaii’s ATLAS telescope have observed a cometary display from a type of asteroid known as a Jupiter Trojan asteroid. Dubbed 2019 LD2, it is the first such asteroid to date which has been seen sprouting a comet-like tail.

In standard reasoning, such objects are not expected to have surface ice, which makes the comet-like outburst completely unexpected for conventional theorists.

In this episode, we explain why the discovery is not unexpected at all from the perspective of the Electric Universe theory.

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2019 LD2's orbit animation & image from Space.com

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[Star Tsar]

Asteroid Station

Asteroid Weekend Report

Published 24th May 2020

Asteroid Weekend Report for May 23rd 2020

(2020 KU) 2020-May-23 06:22
(2020 JR1) 2020-May-23 06:58
(2020 KJ) 2020-May-23 16:48
(2020 JX) 2020-May-23 19:02
(2020 KX) 2020-May-24 08:40
(2020 JZ1) 2020-May-24 17:52
(2020 KZ2) 2020-May-25 04:51
(2020 KU2) 2020-May-25 07:47
(2020 KP3) 2020-May-25 13:08
(2020 JP2) 2020-May-27 00:13

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[Star Tsar]

American Meteor Society

Event #2449-2020 | Alberta, Canada | 22nd May 2020 @ 06:47 UT

Published 22nd May 2020

Supporting Link: https://fireball.amsmeteors.org/members/imo_view/event/2020/2449

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Asahi.com

Hayabusa 2 Photos Indicate Asteroid Ryugu Orbited Near Sun

Published 24th May 2020

https://public.potaufeu.asahi.com/e59f-p/picture/21399102/5923ffae63fd5d8cf72cae25ba3d8264.jpg

The asteroid Ryugu used to pass far closer to the sun, even closer than Mercury, an analysis of images shot by Japan's Hayabusa 2 space probe reveals.

The probe snapped the images of the asteroid after it fired a bullet into Ryugu, stirring up sediments, during the Hayabusa 2's first landing attempt in February last year.

A team of researchers, primarily from the University of Tokyo and the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), noted numerous dark red particles measuring 0.3 millimeters or less flying off the asteroid in the photos.

The team's analysis of the blackish red substances showed they were exposed to heat from the sun between 300,000 and 8 million years ago, the scientists said in findings published May 7 on the website of U.S. scientific journal Science.

Read all about it here: http://www.asahi.com/ajw/articles/13371209

[Star Tsar]

Lowell Observatory

https://lowell.edu/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/LowellLogo.jpg

What's In The Sky? | May 22nd To 31st 2020

Published 22nd May 2020

Highlights for May 15th-24th include Mars, Jupiter and Saturn in the morning sky and Mercury and Venus in the evening sky. We wrap up this episode with a hunt for two deep-sky objects that can be seen in small telescopes: the globular star cluster M3 and the Virgo Galaxy Cluster.

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Sagas In The Sky | Virgo

Published 23rd May 2020

Sagas in the Sky explores some of the stories behind the stars in the night sky. In this episode, we look at the story behind the constellation Virgo.

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[Star Tsar]

Suspicious Observers | Space News | 21st - 24th May 2020

http://spaceweathernews.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/spaceweathernewsblackright-1024x329.png

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[Star Tsar]

Geoengineering Watch

http://www.geoengineeringwatch.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/04/logo2.png

Global Alert News | Episode 250

https://www.geoengineeringwatch.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/hhytg.png

Published 23rd May 2020

The engineered pandemic has provided the power structure the premise to implement global societal lockdown. Does our government believe it has the right to compulsory vaccinate populations? Will Americans go blindly along with the many agendas that are clearly being carried out by those in power? The Covid-19 crisis has completely eclipsed unfolding planetary ecological collapse, how much longer can we continue on the current course?
We must face the gathering storm head on, continued societal complacency will only ensure our near term common demise.

Supporting link: https://www.geoengineeringwatch.org/geoengineering-watch-global-alert-news-may-23-2020-250/

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[Star Tsar]

Ridddle

What If The Earth & The Sun Switched Places?

Published 19th May 2020

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[Star Tsar]

Dr Maggie Lieu

J0331-27: A Tiny Dwarf With A Superflare

Published 24th May 2020

J0331-27 is a tiny dwarf with big flare, and this video Dr Lieu is going to talk about its discovery and what makes it so interesting.

Extra reading:
De Luca et al 2020: https://arxiv.org/abs/2002.08078
EXTras catalogue:http://www.extras-fp7.eu/

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[Star Tsar]

Astronomy Cast

Episode 571 | Extreme Binaries

Streamed & Published 22nd May 2020

So we're familiar with regular binary stars. Two stars orbiting each other. Simple. Of course the Universe has come up with every combination of things orbiting other things, and this week we look at some extreme examples.

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[Star Tsar]

What Da Math? With Anton Petrov

Fermi Bubbles Suggest Our Galaxy Exploded Five Million Years Ago

Published 22nd May 2020

In this video Anton will talk about a possible solution to the mystery of Fermi Bubbles - the strange high energy clouds on both sides of our galaxy..

Source paper: https://arxiv.org/abs/2003.03625

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Origin Of Rings Of Haumea Explained

Published 24th May 2020

In this video Anton will talk about dwarf planet Haumea, its rings and various new discoveries about this unusual object.

Source paper: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2005.06744.pdf

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[Star Tsar]

NASA Astrobiology

Ask An Astrobiologist : Dr. Kevin Hand

Published 21st May 2020

Once a month, SAGANet (www.saganet.org) and the NASA Astrobiology Program host a program called "Ask an Astrobiologist", where the public is invited to interact with a high-profile astrobiologist, who replies to twitter, facebook, and chat questions live on video.

Each session lasts about an hour. This month it's the turn of Dr. Kevin Hand (JPL).

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[Star Tsar]

John Michael Godier's Event Horizon

Professor David Kipping | Why We May Be The Only Intelligent Life In The Universe

Published 21st May 2020

Are We Alone? Are we the only intelligent life in the universe? Are there alien civilizations?

Prof. David Kipping of the Cool Worlds lab at Columbia University spoke with John Michael Godlier about his most recent paper. What are the odds for intelligent life? Are there alien civilizations in the galaxy? Or are the odds against intelligent life?

Prof. Kipping attempts to find answers to these questions using a Bayesian Analysis to look at life’s early start and our late arrival. The rare earth hypothesis argues that the origin of life and the evolution of biological complexity required an improbable combination of astrophysical and geological events and circumstances.

Kipping, D. 2020, "An Objective Bayesian Analysis of Life’s Early Start and Our Late Arrival" https://www.pnas.org/content/early/2020/05/12/1921655117

Carter, B. 2007, "Five or six step scenario for evolution?", Int. J. Astrobiology 7, 177: https://arxiv.org/abs/0711.1985

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SETI Institute

Dr. Jill Mikucki & Dr. Cynthia Phillips | Finding Life On Europa: Do We Have The Chemistry?

Published 22nd May 2020

Decades ago, science fiction offered a hypothetical scenario: What if alien life were thriving in an ocean beneath the icy surface of Jupiter’s moon Europa? Recent observations of Europa from Earth-based telescopes, and reanalysis of spacecraft data, have increased the confidence for Europa’s ocean.

NASA, together with other space agencies, is looking for a way to explore Europa and hopefully identify the presence of life after solving technological challenges like landing on a chaotic and cryogenic surface, drilling into its crust and analyzing samples directly. If there is an ocean of liquid water beneath the relatively thin ice shell of Europa, is life there as well?

The possible detection of a thin plume of water in 2019 being ejected from Europa’s surface has re-energized the community, which is now looking for a new way to answer these questions. Could a spacecraft travel through this plume, sample and analyze it, and confirm the existence of life in this ocean? What kind of biomarkers should we look for? What would they tell us about this extraterrestrial life?

In conversion with:

Dr. Jill Mikucki, professor at the University of Tennessee at Knoxville, is a microbiologist and Antarctic researcher who studies ecosystems under the ice. With her research in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, she has demonstrated that microbes can grow below ice in the absence of sunlight, a process that could potentially take place on Europa.

and

Dr. Cynthia Phillips is a planetary geologist at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Additionally, she serves as project staff scientist for the Europa Clipper Mission, a NASA mission to be launched in the 2020s that will conduct a detailed survey of Europa, look for ingredients for life on the crust and search for locations of warmer ice and perhaps recent eruptions of water. She is also working on mission concepts that would study Europa from the surface and eventually explore its subsurface ocean.

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It's [Redacted].

Head Of Canada’s Secret Project Magnet — ‘We Are Not Alone’

Published 23rd May 2020

0:00 Wilbert B. Smith: "we are not alone"
0:38 Intro to Project Magnet
1:48 Smith on his background
2:30 What Magnet studied
2:53 Smith on interviewing extraterrestrial contactees
3:33 Magnet conclusions and going underground
5:00 Smith on "alien science"
6:12 Smith's ET hypothesis
7:23 Final questions and conclusion

Wilbert B. Smith, senior engineer for Canada’s Department of Transport, is one of the most important figures in ufology many have never heard of. He headed up the country's first major UFO study in the early 1950s, Project Magnet, and was also on Canada's Blue Book equivalent, Project Second Storey.

Declassified files reveal Smith concluded UFOs were most likely extraterrestrial in origin, and that the government should consider prioritizing "acquisition" of craft meta materials.

Admitting the "alien science" was impossible to crack at the time, Smith turned to hundreds of witness and contactee interviews he conducted, many of which were still classified. Because of those, he concluded some sort of "cosmic law" must be preventing "intervention" by extraterrestrials.

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[Star Tsar]

Suspicious Observers | Space News | 25th May 2020 | Big Storms, Ocean Forcing, Primordial Fields

http://spaceweathernews.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/spaceweathernewsblackright-1024x329.png

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[Star Tsar]

NASA Goddard

First Map Of Mars Electric Currents

Published 25th May 2020

https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/styles/full_width/public/thumbnails/image/mavenmarselectriccurrents_1.png

Five years after NASA’s MAVEN spacecraft entered into orbit around Mars, data from the mission has led to the creation of a map of electric current systems in the Martian atmosphere. Unlike Earth, Mars lacks a protective global magnetic field to shield its upper atmosphere from the solar wind. Instead, the solar wind crashes into the upper atmosphere and its magnetic field lines drape around the planet. This creates an induced magnetosphere that tugs on charged particles in the Mars upper atmosphere, generating electric currents. Now, MAVEN’s detailed measurements of the magnetic environment surrounding Mars have revealed the shape of these electric currents for the first time.

Read all about it here: https://www.nasa.gov/press-release/goddard/2020/mars-electric-currents

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[Star Tsar]

Phys.org

Chinese Space Programme Targets July Launch For Mars Mission

Published 25th May 2020

https://scx1.b-cdn.net/csz/news/800/2020/marsmissions.jpg

China is targeting a July launch for its ambitious plans for a Mars mission which will include landing a remote-controlled robot on the surface of the red planet, the company in charge of the project has said.

Beijing has invested billions of dollars in its space programme in an effort to catch up with its rival the United States and affirm its status as a major world power.

The Mars mission is among a number of new space projects China is pursuing, including putting Chinese astronauts on the moon and having a space station by 2022.

Read all about it here: https://phys.org/news/2020-05-china-space-programme-july-mars.html

[Star Tsar]

Space Telescope Science Institute

Tonight's Sky: June 2020

Published 25th May 2020

Though the nights are shorter in June, they are filled with fine sights. Look for the Hercules constellation, which will lead you to a globular star cluster with hundreds of thousands of densely packed stars. You can also spot Draco the dragon, which will point you to the Cat’s Eye Nebula. Keep watching for space-based views of globular star clusters and the nebula.

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[Star Tsar]

Learn The Sky

Libra

Published 25th May 2020

Libra is a zodiacal constellation that in ancient times was once part of Scorpius. The key to finding Libra is knowing how to identify Virgo and Scorpius because Libra is sandwiched in between these two large constellations. Discover the legends behind this constellation and how to identify its pattern in the sky.

0:35 - Intro to Libra
3:58 - Libra and Scorpius
4:53 - Pattern of Libra
10:07 - Review of Libra
11:37 - Photo Attributes

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[Star Tsar]

Nemesis Maturity

Galactic Crash May Have Triggered Solar System Formation

Published 26th May 2020

http://www.esa.int/var/esa/storage/images/esa_multimedia/images/2020/05/sagittarius_collisions_trigger_star_formation_in_milky_way/22031412-1-eng-GB/Sagittarius_collisions_trigger_star_formation_in_Milky_Way_article.jpg

The formation of the Sun, the Solar System and the subsequent emergence of life on Earth may be a consequence of a collision between our galaxy, the Milky Way, and a smaller galaxy called Sagittarius, discovered in the 1990s to be orbiting our galactic home.

Astronomers have known that Sagittarius repeatedly smashes through the Milky Way’s disc, as its orbit around the galaxy’s core tightens as a result of gravitational forces. Previous studies suggested that Sagittarius, a so called dwarf galaxy, had had a profound effect on how stars move in the Milky Way. Some even claim that the 10 000 times more massive Milky Way’s trademark spiral structure might be a result of the at least three known crashes with Sagittarius over the past six billion years.

Read all about it here: http://www.esa.int/Science_Exploration/Space_Science/Gaia/Galactic_crash_may_have_triggered_Solar_System_formation

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[Star Tsar]

APOD Podcast

The Milky Way Over The Snow Capped Himalayas

Published 26th May 2020

https://apod.nasa.gov/apod/image/2005/MwMountains_Havel_960.jpg

In today's image, we see the Himalayan mountains, a relatively recently formed mountain range on planet Earth. In the sky, we see our Milky Way Galaxy as well as the planet Jupiter and the bright star Antares.

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[Star Tsar]

Suspicious Observers | Space News | 26th May 2020 | Ionization Anomalies, Cosmic Ring, Survival DNA

http://spaceweathernews.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/spaceweathernewsblackright-1024x329.png

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[Star Tsar]

Ambient Sounds

Earth From Space

Published 23rd May 2020

The Earth is the great connector of lives, the source and destination of all. It is the healer and restorer and resurrector, by which disease passes into health, age into youth, death into life. Without proper care for it we can have no community, because without proper care for it we can have no life.

The Earth is what we all have in common. It is where we are born and will die. It's in your hands to make that time meaningful. When we start to discover The Earth, it becomes a common ground and a common bond and we cease to be alone. We've been looking down and around us until we could go beyond the skies and take a look at ourselves from afar. Looking from this new perspective gave our lives a new meaning. You cannot get through a single day without having an impact on the world around you. What you do makes a difference and you have to decide what kind of a difference you want to make.

Remastered footage from ISS/NASA.

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[Star Tsar]

Asteroid Station

Asteroid (KJ4)

Published 26th May 2020

This newly discovered object will pass by Earth closer than the Moon...

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RocketStem.org

Large Ground Meteorites

Published 23rd May 2020

https://rocketstem.b-cdn.net/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/Hoba_meteorite.jpg

The discussion of what constitutes the “largest” meteorites is somewhat a matter of definition. Many incoming meteors tend to fragment as they pass through the atmosphere, and whatever fragments – or complete meteorites, for that matter – that hit the ground might subsequently be broken apart, sometimes by humans or perhaps by weathering or other causes. The “largest” meteorites can therefore mean the largest individual fragments, or it can mean the largest combined mass of all the various fragments. For the purposes here, I will generally use “largest” to mean the largest individual fragments, although at times I might consider it appropriate to include the combined fragments as part of the overall discussion.

With only a few exceptions, almost all of the largest known meteorites are of the iron-nickel type. Even though these are relatively rare compared to stony meteorites, they are significantly denser, i.e., more massive per volume, than similarly-sized stony meteorites, and are also much more likely to survive their passage through the atmosphere without disintegrating. The largest known stony-iron meteorites are two fragments of the Brenham meteorite found near Haviland, Kansas (and which are possibly associated with an impact crater near there); these have masses of 650 kg and 450 kg. The largest stony meteorite known is apparently a 654-kg fragment of the Chelyabinsk meteorite that fell near Chelyabinsk, Russia on February 15, 2013.

Almost all of the largest iron meteorites are the results of falls that took place thousands of years ago. (The largest iron meteorite resulting from an observed fall is apparently a 1745-kg fragment of the Sikhote-Alin meteorite that fell in Siberia on February 12, 1947; this is discussed, along with the Chelyabinsk meteor and other recent Earth “impacts,” in a future “Special Topics” presentation.) Many of these meteorites have been known, and sometimes venerated, by indigenous peoples for many centuries, and have been “discovered” and identified as meteorites, and scientifically analyzed as such, only within the relatively recent past.

Read all about it here: https://www.rocketstem.org/2020/05/23/ice-and-stone-special-topic-22/

[Star Tsar]

Mother Nature Network

NASA's Asteroid Deflection Mission May Spark An Artificial Meteor Shower

Published 25TH May 2020

https://media.mnn.com/assets/images/2019/01/DART_still-revisedA.jpg.653x0_q80_crop-smart.jpg

A proof-of-concept demonstration by NASA to determine whether we could save Earth from a doomsday asteroid by literally knocking it off course may end up causing the first human-generated meteor shower.

Called the Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART), the unprecedented mission will begin with the launch of an 1,100-pound NASA probe aboard a SpaceX Falcon 9 in 2021. It will then travel roughly 6.6 million miles for a dramatic rendezvous with a binary asteroid system called Didymos in late September 2022. Instead of targeting Didymos, which measures nearly 2,600 feet across, DART will set its sights instead on a smaller, 500-foot-wide orbiting object nicknamed "Didymoon." Traveling at a speed of 13,500 mph, DART's collision with Didymoon is expected to generate enough force to change the small rock's orbit.

Read all about it here: https://www.mnn.com/earth-matters/space/blogs/nasa-asteroid-mission-may-spark-artificial-meteor-shower

[Star Tsar]

Space Weather Woman Tamitha Skov

http://www.spaceweatherwoman.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/onesheetbackground_sww_largecrop-1200x384.jpg

Space Weather News | Comet ATLAS Crosses Solar Orbiter & A Virgin SWAN

Published 26th May 2020

This week our star begins to look like it did back during more active times. We have multiple new cycle bright regions both Earthside and farside that are firing mini-solar flares and solar storms. In fact, one region on the farside just launched a large solar storm so we will keep an eye on it as it rotates into Earthview over this next week. We also have a small coronal hole rotating into the Earth-strike zone and it could bring some small pockets of fast solar wind causing weak aurora shows, especially at high latitudes. Solar flux stays in the marginal range this week on Earth's dayside while GPS/GNSS reception continues to look good all over the globe. See details of this new activity and learn about the serendipitous encounter between the disintegrating Comet ATLAS and Solar Orbiter and where both ATLAS and SWAN will be in the sky this week.

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[Star Tsar]

SciShow Space

The Cosmic Lasers That Form In Outer Space

Published 26th May 2020

Lasers are incredible narrow beams of light we can use to do everything from cutting metal to operating on people's eyeballs. But even though we came up with the idea on our own, humans didn’t actually make the first lasers.

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[Star Tsar]

Lunartic

In Defence Of Dia: The Moon That Came In Last Place

Published 26th May 2019

The little Jovian moon of Dia was bottom of the list in a recent article that ranked the moons of the solar system. Lunartic does not think that’s fair so here’s a little defence of Dia (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dia_(moon)).

Popular Mechanics Article (1-26): https://tinyurl.com/sdhs7hg
Popular Mechanics Article (27-164): https://tinyurl.com/yapk4tmz

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Related musical interlude

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