Cidersomerset
2nd April 2013, 14:31
A 'Relatively' easy to understand update on that very expensive Tunnel in Switzerland !..LOL..
tuOkVH6gj-g
dfoq8kFC6xc
Published on 15 Mar 2013
Scientists at the Large Hadron Collider say the particle outlined in July 2012 looks
increasingly to be a Higgs Boson (God Particle). - Michio Kaku, Professor of Theoretical
Physics explains.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BBC ONLINE......
Tuesday 2nd April 2013 Last updated at 13:19
LHC upgrade to open up 'new realm of particle physics'Pallab Ghosh
By Pallab Ghosh
Science correspondent, BBC News, Cern, Geneva
vid on link..
http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-21941666
Engineer Katy Foraz shows Pallab Ghosh how to upgrade the Large Hadron Collider
Engineers have begun a major upgrade of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC).
Their work should double the energy of what's already the most powerful particle
accelerator in the world. BBC News is the first to be allowed to see inside the LHC - on
the French-Swiss border - to watch the work being carried out.Scientists believe the
upgrade will enable them to discover new particles which will lead to a more complete
theory of how the Universe works. A project leader with the LHC's Atlas experiment, Dr
Pippa Wells told BBC News that there was much more to come from the LHC.
"The past two years have been the most exciting in my time as a particle physicist.
People are absolutely fired up. They've made one new discovery (the Higgs) and they
want to make more discoveries with the new high energies that the upgrade will give
us. We could find a new realm of particle physics".
I was taken by the technical coordinator for the upgrade project, Katy Foraz and Cern's
UK communications manager Stephanie Hills, to one of the many access points to the
LHC's underground tunnelsWe entered a lift shaft with two buttons marked zero and
minus 1. Katy hit minus 1 and we made our way 100 metered below the surface.
As the lift doors opened we walked to a large heavy green door which we strained to
open. As we went through it was like entering Aladdin's cave. No jewels or gold - but
one of the largest and most complex machines ever built. A bright blue superconducting
beam-line stretches into the distance - around it are gleaming precision instruments to
make the line one of the coldest places in the Universe.In front of me engineers were
replacing some the first connectors. In all 10,000 will need to be changed. 800 people
are involved in this project which will cost £70m.The tasks also include testing and
replacing some of the LHC's main dipole and quadrupole magnets, which are used to
bend the paths of the particles and keep them tightly bunched; conducting tests to
detect any irregularities in the magnets or imperfections in the electrical insulation; and
a range of other work to improve the machine.The LHC is known for its cutting edge
science. But as we walked to this scientific wonderland Katy told me that for her and her
team people forget that the particle accelerator is also on the cutting edge of
engineering, after all creating the conditions of the beginning of the Universe is no easy
feat.
"We are always at the limit of what we know in terms of the technology. It is very
exciting: as the coordinator I have access to all the technology and they really are at
their limit in terms of superconductivity cryogenics. It is very exciting for an engineer to
be close to all these new technologies," she said.
Katy and her team of engineers are calling the work an "upgrade". But critics say it's a
repair. As we walked passed a team replacing a damaged connector Cern's Stephanie
Hills was quick to respond to the charge that this expensive refit is putting right a
mistake that shouldn't have been made in the first place
http://news.bbcimg.co.uk/media/images/66705000/jpg/_66705043_66705039.jpg
"Nobody has ever done this kind of technology before. Everything from the most basic
welding to the most complicated beam diagnostics is pushing the boundaries of
technology, and sometimes these things just don't go right simply because we don't
know how it's going to work," she told me.
"You can see in front of us the way that we're managing the upgrade is meticulous.
There is lots and lots of quality control, making sure that everything's absolutely spot-
on so that when we turn the machine back on we are absolutely ready for some more
fantastic scientific discoveries."
The damage was done shortly after the switch on of the Large Hadron Collider in
September 2008.
vid on link...
http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-21941666
The LHC upgrade will enable it to discover new particles. Pallab Ghosh explains how this
will lead to a radical change in our understanding of how the Universe works. Nine days
later it broke down because the connections between the superconducting magnets
simply couldn't take the current running through them.It took a year and £24 million
pounds of taxpayer's money to repair the damage. Even then it could only operate on
half power. That was enough to discover the much sought-after Higgs Boson.
Those in charge made a pragmatic decision. They decided to press ahead to keep their
funders happy. To their joy and relief scientists had found their prize last summer. And
so at the beginning of this year it was politically possible for Cern to begin the long shut
down to fix faulty connections.Back above ground, students from around the world are
shown the Atlas control room, one of the places where data from the LHC will be
gathered when it is switched back on. That is something for the students to look
forward to - because after the upgrade the beams will be crashing into each other at
twice the power. This will enable researchers here to move on to their ultimate goal: to
find evidence of so-called "new physics", which they believe, will lead to a new more
compete theory of sub-atomic physics.
The discovery of the Higgs last year was the end of a successful chapter of late 20th
century physics.
This was the development of the current theory in the 1960s and 70s called
the "Standard Model".
This theory says that most of the forces of nature, the objects around us and our own
existence, is all down to the interaction of the Higgs with 16 other particles. It
successfully explains how electricity, magnetism and light operate. Since then, all the
particles predicted by the Standard Model have been discovered - most recently the
Higgs. The problem though is that more recently scientists have found that this theory
is limited. It explains the world around us extremely well - but it can't explain the way
most of the Universe behaves.Physicists hope that by operating at full power, the LHC
will be able to find evidence of so-called supersymmetric particles. These are like the
particles on the Standard Model - but more massive.One form of supersymmetry
predicts that there should be five Higgs Bosons, which are each slightly different. The
first order of business for LHC scientists when the collisions resume in 2015 will be to
test the Higgs that's been discovered, to see if it shows any of the properties predicted
by supersymmetry, according to Dr Wells.
"The LHC is more than just a one trick pony," said Dr Wells. "It wasn't designed to find
just the Higgs. We hope to find something completely new that will change our
understanding of the Universe. We are on the threshold of finding many more new
particles."
http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-21941666
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
What is the 'God Particle'? -- Higgs Boson Explained....
ahDkB05jCbA
Published on 14 Mar 2013
Physicist John Ellis talks about the subatomic particle that has taken the world by storm.
CERN researchers have discovered the particle that gives all other matter its mass with
the help of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) in Europe.
http://sphotos-a.xx.fbcdn.net/hphotos-prn1/p480x480/734159_439859512763372_1712518336_n.jpg
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Quark particle..
xYZkj2FPeoc
For most of us this is all theoretical huey we know our
Quarks from our Bosons ..LOL...
QypV_LOqVFA
tuOkVH6gj-g
dfoq8kFC6xc
Published on 15 Mar 2013
Scientists at the Large Hadron Collider say the particle outlined in July 2012 looks
increasingly to be a Higgs Boson (God Particle). - Michio Kaku, Professor of Theoretical
Physics explains.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BBC ONLINE......
Tuesday 2nd April 2013 Last updated at 13:19
LHC upgrade to open up 'new realm of particle physics'Pallab Ghosh
By Pallab Ghosh
Science correspondent, BBC News, Cern, Geneva
vid on link..
http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-21941666
Engineer Katy Foraz shows Pallab Ghosh how to upgrade the Large Hadron Collider
Engineers have begun a major upgrade of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC).
Their work should double the energy of what's already the most powerful particle
accelerator in the world. BBC News is the first to be allowed to see inside the LHC - on
the French-Swiss border - to watch the work being carried out.Scientists believe the
upgrade will enable them to discover new particles which will lead to a more complete
theory of how the Universe works. A project leader with the LHC's Atlas experiment, Dr
Pippa Wells told BBC News that there was much more to come from the LHC.
"The past two years have been the most exciting in my time as a particle physicist.
People are absolutely fired up. They've made one new discovery (the Higgs) and they
want to make more discoveries with the new high energies that the upgrade will give
us. We could find a new realm of particle physics".
I was taken by the technical coordinator for the upgrade project, Katy Foraz and Cern's
UK communications manager Stephanie Hills, to one of the many access points to the
LHC's underground tunnelsWe entered a lift shaft with two buttons marked zero and
minus 1. Katy hit minus 1 and we made our way 100 metered below the surface.
As the lift doors opened we walked to a large heavy green door which we strained to
open. As we went through it was like entering Aladdin's cave. No jewels or gold - but
one of the largest and most complex machines ever built. A bright blue superconducting
beam-line stretches into the distance - around it are gleaming precision instruments to
make the line one of the coldest places in the Universe.In front of me engineers were
replacing some the first connectors. In all 10,000 will need to be changed. 800 people
are involved in this project which will cost £70m.The tasks also include testing and
replacing some of the LHC's main dipole and quadrupole magnets, which are used to
bend the paths of the particles and keep them tightly bunched; conducting tests to
detect any irregularities in the magnets or imperfections in the electrical insulation; and
a range of other work to improve the machine.The LHC is known for its cutting edge
science. But as we walked to this scientific wonderland Katy told me that for her and her
team people forget that the particle accelerator is also on the cutting edge of
engineering, after all creating the conditions of the beginning of the Universe is no easy
feat.
"We are always at the limit of what we know in terms of the technology. It is very
exciting: as the coordinator I have access to all the technology and they really are at
their limit in terms of superconductivity cryogenics. It is very exciting for an engineer to
be close to all these new technologies," she said.
Katy and her team of engineers are calling the work an "upgrade". But critics say it's a
repair. As we walked passed a team replacing a damaged connector Cern's Stephanie
Hills was quick to respond to the charge that this expensive refit is putting right a
mistake that shouldn't have been made in the first place
http://news.bbcimg.co.uk/media/images/66705000/jpg/_66705043_66705039.jpg
"Nobody has ever done this kind of technology before. Everything from the most basic
welding to the most complicated beam diagnostics is pushing the boundaries of
technology, and sometimes these things just don't go right simply because we don't
know how it's going to work," she told me.
"You can see in front of us the way that we're managing the upgrade is meticulous.
There is lots and lots of quality control, making sure that everything's absolutely spot-
on so that when we turn the machine back on we are absolutely ready for some more
fantastic scientific discoveries."
The damage was done shortly after the switch on of the Large Hadron Collider in
September 2008.
vid on link...
http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-21941666
The LHC upgrade will enable it to discover new particles. Pallab Ghosh explains how this
will lead to a radical change in our understanding of how the Universe works. Nine days
later it broke down because the connections between the superconducting magnets
simply couldn't take the current running through them.It took a year and £24 million
pounds of taxpayer's money to repair the damage. Even then it could only operate on
half power. That was enough to discover the much sought-after Higgs Boson.
Those in charge made a pragmatic decision. They decided to press ahead to keep their
funders happy. To their joy and relief scientists had found their prize last summer. And
so at the beginning of this year it was politically possible for Cern to begin the long shut
down to fix faulty connections.Back above ground, students from around the world are
shown the Atlas control room, one of the places where data from the LHC will be
gathered when it is switched back on. That is something for the students to look
forward to - because after the upgrade the beams will be crashing into each other at
twice the power. This will enable researchers here to move on to their ultimate goal: to
find evidence of so-called "new physics", which they believe, will lead to a new more
compete theory of sub-atomic physics.
The discovery of the Higgs last year was the end of a successful chapter of late 20th
century physics.
This was the development of the current theory in the 1960s and 70s called
the "Standard Model".
This theory says that most of the forces of nature, the objects around us and our own
existence, is all down to the interaction of the Higgs with 16 other particles. It
successfully explains how electricity, magnetism and light operate. Since then, all the
particles predicted by the Standard Model have been discovered - most recently the
Higgs. The problem though is that more recently scientists have found that this theory
is limited. It explains the world around us extremely well - but it can't explain the way
most of the Universe behaves.Physicists hope that by operating at full power, the LHC
will be able to find evidence of so-called supersymmetric particles. These are like the
particles on the Standard Model - but more massive.One form of supersymmetry
predicts that there should be five Higgs Bosons, which are each slightly different. The
first order of business for LHC scientists when the collisions resume in 2015 will be to
test the Higgs that's been discovered, to see if it shows any of the properties predicted
by supersymmetry, according to Dr Wells.
"The LHC is more than just a one trick pony," said Dr Wells. "It wasn't designed to find
just the Higgs. We hope to find something completely new that will change our
understanding of the Universe. We are on the threshold of finding many more new
particles."
http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-21941666
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
What is the 'God Particle'? -- Higgs Boson Explained....
ahDkB05jCbA
Published on 14 Mar 2013
Physicist John Ellis talks about the subatomic particle that has taken the world by storm.
CERN researchers have discovered the particle that gives all other matter its mass with
the help of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) in Europe.
http://sphotos-a.xx.fbcdn.net/hphotos-prn1/p480x480/734159_439859512763372_1712518336_n.jpg
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Quark particle..
xYZkj2FPeoc
For most of us this is all theoretical huey we know our
Quarks from our Bosons ..LOL...
QypV_LOqVFA