Cidersomerset
24th July 2013, 15:53
There are several projects being discussed about manned/ colonisation of Mars &
I have already posted them. This is another, I cannot see how private ventures
will be allowed to go to Mars. Unless the Secret Space programme is revealed and
the Humans/Martians already there let them go...LOL
Project Camelot - The Mars Coverup - Shadow Ops Pilot - Secret Space
0bCYYMatw3Q
==================================================================================================== ====
http://static.bbci.co.uk/frameworks/barlesque/2.48.3/desktop/3.5/img/blq-blocks_grey_alpha.png
UK team designs human mission to Mars
24 July 2013
By Neil Bowdler
Science and health reporter, BBC News
35NsAABuFys
A team of scientists from Imperial College London discuss how we could put a human on
Mars Scientists at Imperial College London have designed a concept mission to land
astronauts on Mars.The plan envisages a three-person crew journeying to Mars aboard
a small two-part craft.The craft would rotate to generate artificial gravity and use a heat
shield to protect itself against solar flares. The crew would then return to Martian orbit
in a pre-sent craft fuelled using ice from beneath the planet's surface.The concept,
developed in conjunction with the BBC, is intended to spark further debate about the
technical obstacles and risks that would have to be overcome in order to put humans on
Mars.
"Every part of this mission scenario has been demonstrated one way or the other,
including the in situ propellant production on the surface of Mars," said Prof Tom Pike,
who led the Imperial design team.
"There are big, big jumps between a demonstration at one level and putting together
the engineering systems for a mission, but they are engineering challenges. They are
not fundamentally about making new discoveries."
The new Imperial concept comes amid renewed interest in the Red Planet with two
private groups having proposed missions in recent months.The Imperial team have
designed a two-part craft, consisting of a Martian lander with a heat shield, inside which
the crew would also ascend into Earth orbit. Directly beneath the lander on the launch
pad would be a "cruise habitat vehicle", a cylindrical craft split into three floors and
measuring some 10m (30ft) in height and 4m in diameter.Once in Earth orbit, the
astronauts would move from the lander into the larger habitat vehicle before a rocket
burst would propel the conjoined craft on a trajectory to Mars. The quickest journey
time would be nine months when Earth and Mars are in optimum alignment.
http://news.bbcimg.co.uk/media/images/68907000/gif/_68907673_journey_overview_624.gif
A diagram of the journey
Shortly into the journey, the lander and cruise vehicle would unwind from each other on
a steel cable tether to a distance of some 60m. Short thruster bursts from both vehicles
would then set them spinning around a centre of gravity.This would create artificial
gravity within the habitat vehicle similar to Earth's gravity, which the scientists believe
would prevent the type of muscle and bone wastage that weightlessness would cause,
which would render the astronauts unable to walk on Mars once they arrived.Later in
the mission, the spin rate could be reduced to better emulate Martian conditions, where
gravity is 40% that on Earth.
"We've obviously got some real issues with a long-term mission in terms of the de-
conditioning which goes on in the space environment," Ryan Robinson, the Imperial
team's physiologist, told BBC News.
"Bones loss [in a weightless environment] is about 1-2% a month and if they're landing
they'll be susceptible to fractures if they've got to be exerting themselves."
During the journey, the crew's health would be monitored closely with wireless sensors -
but they would rely entirely on medication aboard the craft and the skills of their fellow
crew members should they fall sick.
A crew would face cosmic and solar radiation en route and on Mars
The long journey and confined quarters could also affect their mental health, and
conflicts between the crew could arise.During the journey, the craft could deploy a
number of measures to try to reduce the threat to the astronauts from solar and cosmic
radiation, the former from the Sun, the later emanating from beyond our solar system.
Water could run within the shell of the cruise craft to absorb radiation, while the
Imperial team also examined the idea of fitting superconducting magnets to the craft,
which would generate a magnetosphere to deflect solar and cosmic radiation in the way
the Earth's natural magnetosphere does.The crew would also deploy emergency
procedures should satellites detect a major incoming solar flare. This would involve
winding in the tether and re-directing the lander's heat shield towards the Sun to
protect the astronauts in the cruise craft. The crew would also put whatever they could
find between them and the front of the vehicle to absorb the solar burst.
Artificial gravity is proposed for the craft to prevent muscle and bone loss on the
journey to MarsEven with such measures, a solar flare could still kill, or result in
cancers. Cosmic radiation could also take its toll.
"We've got some great results from the Mars curiosity rover," said Imperial's Martin
Archer, who specialises in solar and cosmic radiation.
"On its trip to Mars, it measured the radiation from these galactic cosmic rays and it
was exposed to quite a lot - about two-thirds of the level that Nasa is prepared to risk
over the whole of an astronaut's life, just on the way there and back again."
Once the craft reaches Martian orbit, it would contract together and the astronauts
would pass into the lander ready for detachment and descent.
Its shield would absorb the heat of entry before being jettisoned and then multiple
parachutes would deploy to slow the craft, with thrusters used to further slow and guide
it through the final metres to the landing site. The Imperial team propose a landing site
near the equator, where milder conditions exist. They would hope to land near a pre-
sent Martian habitat module and rover, although the rover could be robotically
controlled to travel from the habitat to the landing site if the distance was too great for
a crossing on foot.
Then the Martian visit would begin - a first human landing on another planet.
http://news.bbcimg.co.uk/media/images/68907000/jpg/_68907674_marsmap.jpg
Previous landings
The time spent on the Martian surface would be dictated by the next time Earth and
Mars aligned for a speedy return home. It could be two months, or we might choose to
spend more than two years on Mars, says the Imperial team. It is during this time that
the human crew could try to demonstrate why humans could still outperform robots in
analysing and understanding the Martian environment.
"Some people think that the use of humans is just something that is popular and
attractive from an adventure and inspirational point of view, but there are also real
scientific benefits for sending humans," said Prof Mark Sephton, the team's geologist.
"Humans can data process while they're walking around, while they're looking at rocks.
They're probably the most sophisticated computer, the most sophisticated robotic living
organism that we can imagine."
Radiation would remain a danger during the stay, with Mars possessing no
magnetosphere to shield the surface from cosmic and solar rays. Shovelling up soil from
the surface during the mission and part-burying the habitat module could help, as could
staying inside during a solar burst.
Then comes the return home, which would be far from simple.
The approach taken by the Imperial scientists would be to pre-send both the habitat
module, rover and a return vehicle before any human launch. The return vehicle would
land at a latitude where water ice would be found in large amounts just a few
centimetres beneath the surface. Robotic devices would mine the ice, which would then
be split into hydrogen and oxygen using electrolysis. These gases could be used as fuels
on their own, or the hydrogen could be combined with carbon dioxide from the Martian
atmosphere using a catalyst to produce methane, which is a more stable and energy-
dense fuel than hydrogen.
The team suggest we could mine Mars for ice to fuel the return craft
As the Imperial team propose landing near the equator, a crew would have to travel by
rover to a cooler latitude where the return vehicle and ice-mining devices would be
waiting. Several hundreds of kilometres may have to be crossed, posing both risks and
opportunities to further explore the Martian landscape. Should they make it safely, the
crew would have a narrow launch window to ensure the quickest most fuel-efficient
return to Earth.
After leaving Mars, the return vehicle would dock with the orbiting cruise vehicle and
replace the Martian lander as the counter-balance within the spinning tethered structure
en route to Earth. Like the lander, the return vehicle would have to be fitted with a
shield to protect the crew during extreme solar activity.After at least nine months, the
craft would reach Earth orbit and dock with the International Space Station before the
astronauts could take a Soyuz capsule home, the team envisages. The new Imperial
concept comes amid renewed interest in the Red Planet, with two private groups having
proposed missions.
Businessman and former space tourist Dennis Tito wants to send an American couple on
a mission beginning in 2018 that would pass within 100 miles (160km) of Mars before
using the planet's gravity to "slingshot" the craft back to Earth.
The Dutch project Mars One proposes putting a human colony on the planet beginning
in 2023, while SpaceX chief executive Elon Musk has spoken of sending a private human
mission to Mars within 12-15 years.
The US, Russian, European and Chinese space agencies maintain long-term plans to put
humans on Mars.
The documentary How to put a human on Mars can be seen this weekend on the BBC
News channel and BBC World News.
http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-22952441
=======================================================
Mars One introduction film (updated version)
n4tgkyUBkbY
Published on 6 Jun 2012
This movie shows how Mars One plans to establish a human settlement on Mars in 2023
. Click on the red button [=] in the bottom to change the subtitles.
For more information visit www.mars-one.com
I have already posted them. This is another, I cannot see how private ventures
will be allowed to go to Mars. Unless the Secret Space programme is revealed and
the Humans/Martians already there let them go...LOL
Project Camelot - The Mars Coverup - Shadow Ops Pilot - Secret Space
0bCYYMatw3Q
==================================================================================================== ====
http://static.bbci.co.uk/frameworks/barlesque/2.48.3/desktop/3.5/img/blq-blocks_grey_alpha.png
UK team designs human mission to Mars
24 July 2013
By Neil Bowdler
Science and health reporter, BBC News
35NsAABuFys
A team of scientists from Imperial College London discuss how we could put a human on
Mars Scientists at Imperial College London have designed a concept mission to land
astronauts on Mars.The plan envisages a three-person crew journeying to Mars aboard
a small two-part craft.The craft would rotate to generate artificial gravity and use a heat
shield to protect itself against solar flares. The crew would then return to Martian orbit
in a pre-sent craft fuelled using ice from beneath the planet's surface.The concept,
developed in conjunction with the BBC, is intended to spark further debate about the
technical obstacles and risks that would have to be overcome in order to put humans on
Mars.
"Every part of this mission scenario has been demonstrated one way or the other,
including the in situ propellant production on the surface of Mars," said Prof Tom Pike,
who led the Imperial design team.
"There are big, big jumps between a demonstration at one level and putting together
the engineering systems for a mission, but they are engineering challenges. They are
not fundamentally about making new discoveries."
The new Imperial concept comes amid renewed interest in the Red Planet with two
private groups having proposed missions in recent months.The Imperial team have
designed a two-part craft, consisting of a Martian lander with a heat shield, inside which
the crew would also ascend into Earth orbit. Directly beneath the lander on the launch
pad would be a "cruise habitat vehicle", a cylindrical craft split into three floors and
measuring some 10m (30ft) in height and 4m in diameter.Once in Earth orbit, the
astronauts would move from the lander into the larger habitat vehicle before a rocket
burst would propel the conjoined craft on a trajectory to Mars. The quickest journey
time would be nine months when Earth and Mars are in optimum alignment.
http://news.bbcimg.co.uk/media/images/68907000/gif/_68907673_journey_overview_624.gif
A diagram of the journey
Shortly into the journey, the lander and cruise vehicle would unwind from each other on
a steel cable tether to a distance of some 60m. Short thruster bursts from both vehicles
would then set them spinning around a centre of gravity.This would create artificial
gravity within the habitat vehicle similar to Earth's gravity, which the scientists believe
would prevent the type of muscle and bone wastage that weightlessness would cause,
which would render the astronauts unable to walk on Mars once they arrived.Later in
the mission, the spin rate could be reduced to better emulate Martian conditions, where
gravity is 40% that on Earth.
"We've obviously got some real issues with a long-term mission in terms of the de-
conditioning which goes on in the space environment," Ryan Robinson, the Imperial
team's physiologist, told BBC News.
"Bones loss [in a weightless environment] is about 1-2% a month and if they're landing
they'll be susceptible to fractures if they've got to be exerting themselves."
During the journey, the crew's health would be monitored closely with wireless sensors -
but they would rely entirely on medication aboard the craft and the skills of their fellow
crew members should they fall sick.
A crew would face cosmic and solar radiation en route and on Mars
The long journey and confined quarters could also affect their mental health, and
conflicts between the crew could arise.During the journey, the craft could deploy a
number of measures to try to reduce the threat to the astronauts from solar and cosmic
radiation, the former from the Sun, the later emanating from beyond our solar system.
Water could run within the shell of the cruise craft to absorb radiation, while the
Imperial team also examined the idea of fitting superconducting magnets to the craft,
which would generate a magnetosphere to deflect solar and cosmic radiation in the way
the Earth's natural magnetosphere does.The crew would also deploy emergency
procedures should satellites detect a major incoming solar flare. This would involve
winding in the tether and re-directing the lander's heat shield towards the Sun to
protect the astronauts in the cruise craft. The crew would also put whatever they could
find between them and the front of the vehicle to absorb the solar burst.
Artificial gravity is proposed for the craft to prevent muscle and bone loss on the
journey to MarsEven with such measures, a solar flare could still kill, or result in
cancers. Cosmic radiation could also take its toll.
"We've got some great results from the Mars curiosity rover," said Imperial's Martin
Archer, who specialises in solar and cosmic radiation.
"On its trip to Mars, it measured the radiation from these galactic cosmic rays and it
was exposed to quite a lot - about two-thirds of the level that Nasa is prepared to risk
over the whole of an astronaut's life, just on the way there and back again."
Once the craft reaches Martian orbit, it would contract together and the astronauts
would pass into the lander ready for detachment and descent.
Its shield would absorb the heat of entry before being jettisoned and then multiple
parachutes would deploy to slow the craft, with thrusters used to further slow and guide
it through the final metres to the landing site. The Imperial team propose a landing site
near the equator, where milder conditions exist. They would hope to land near a pre-
sent Martian habitat module and rover, although the rover could be robotically
controlled to travel from the habitat to the landing site if the distance was too great for
a crossing on foot.
Then the Martian visit would begin - a first human landing on another planet.
http://news.bbcimg.co.uk/media/images/68907000/jpg/_68907674_marsmap.jpg
Previous landings
The time spent on the Martian surface would be dictated by the next time Earth and
Mars aligned for a speedy return home. It could be two months, or we might choose to
spend more than two years on Mars, says the Imperial team. It is during this time that
the human crew could try to demonstrate why humans could still outperform robots in
analysing and understanding the Martian environment.
"Some people think that the use of humans is just something that is popular and
attractive from an adventure and inspirational point of view, but there are also real
scientific benefits for sending humans," said Prof Mark Sephton, the team's geologist.
"Humans can data process while they're walking around, while they're looking at rocks.
They're probably the most sophisticated computer, the most sophisticated robotic living
organism that we can imagine."
Radiation would remain a danger during the stay, with Mars possessing no
magnetosphere to shield the surface from cosmic and solar rays. Shovelling up soil from
the surface during the mission and part-burying the habitat module could help, as could
staying inside during a solar burst.
Then comes the return home, which would be far from simple.
The approach taken by the Imperial scientists would be to pre-send both the habitat
module, rover and a return vehicle before any human launch. The return vehicle would
land at a latitude where water ice would be found in large amounts just a few
centimetres beneath the surface. Robotic devices would mine the ice, which would then
be split into hydrogen and oxygen using electrolysis. These gases could be used as fuels
on their own, or the hydrogen could be combined with carbon dioxide from the Martian
atmosphere using a catalyst to produce methane, which is a more stable and energy-
dense fuel than hydrogen.
The team suggest we could mine Mars for ice to fuel the return craft
As the Imperial team propose landing near the equator, a crew would have to travel by
rover to a cooler latitude where the return vehicle and ice-mining devices would be
waiting. Several hundreds of kilometres may have to be crossed, posing both risks and
opportunities to further explore the Martian landscape. Should they make it safely, the
crew would have a narrow launch window to ensure the quickest most fuel-efficient
return to Earth.
After leaving Mars, the return vehicle would dock with the orbiting cruise vehicle and
replace the Martian lander as the counter-balance within the spinning tethered structure
en route to Earth. Like the lander, the return vehicle would have to be fitted with a
shield to protect the crew during extreme solar activity.After at least nine months, the
craft would reach Earth orbit and dock with the International Space Station before the
astronauts could take a Soyuz capsule home, the team envisages. The new Imperial
concept comes amid renewed interest in the Red Planet, with two private groups having
proposed missions.
Businessman and former space tourist Dennis Tito wants to send an American couple on
a mission beginning in 2018 that would pass within 100 miles (160km) of Mars before
using the planet's gravity to "slingshot" the craft back to Earth.
The Dutch project Mars One proposes putting a human colony on the planet beginning
in 2023, while SpaceX chief executive Elon Musk has spoken of sending a private human
mission to Mars within 12-15 years.
The US, Russian, European and Chinese space agencies maintain long-term plans to put
humans on Mars.
The documentary How to put a human on Mars can be seen this weekend on the BBC
News channel and BBC World News.
http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-22952441
=======================================================
Mars One introduction film (updated version)
n4tgkyUBkbY
Published on 6 Jun 2012
This movie shows how Mars One plans to establish a human settlement on Mars in 2023
. Click on the red button [=] in the bottom to change the subtitles.
For more information visit www.mars-one.com