This Installation Pulsed the Earth 20 Kilometers Deep and Shook the Lithosphere

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In the late 70s, residents of the mountain village of Garm in the Tajik Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic witnessed an unusual and frightening phenomenon. Loud sounds similar to explosions were heard from the mountains. Some of them were accompanied by short-term flashes.

Sounds of unknown origin began to echo off the mountains, growing and transforming into a loud acoustic impulse. According to eyewitnesses, small stones even began to fall from the mountain ranges. People froze; the unusual phenomenon did not resemble thunder.

Everyone felt that it had a completely different nature. Finally, the peals of an unknown acoustic impulse died down and dissolved far away in the mountains. After which an oppressive silence set in.

It felt like everything around froze. The villagers did not know that at the secret Garm geodynamic testing ground, located in the transition zone from the Pamirs to the Tien Shan, a series of unusual experiments that could affect the earth's crust were being conducted in an atmosphere of strict secrecy. Later, after the collapse of the Soviet Union, many rumors would appear around these experiments, including that the Soviet Union was testing tectonic weapons.

Throughout its history, the Soviet Union faced strong destructive earthquakes every year. The seismic zone included all mountainous regions located near the southern and eastern borders of the country. More than one hundred large cities and nine capitals of the union republics were at risk - Ashgabat, Almaty, Yerevan, Tashkent, Dushanbe, Frunze, Baku, Chisinau and Tbilisi.

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The serious development of Soviet seismology began after the catastrophic earthquake in Ashgabat in 1948. The epicenter was located directly under the city, at a depth of 18 kilometers. According to various estimates, about 37 thousand people died then.

At that time, it became clear that the efficiency of the seismic observation system was extremely low. Moreover, the accuracy of the epicenter position and the depth of the foci was determined incorrectly. Studying this problem, experts realized that the phenomenon of earthquakes holds many secrets.

What happens deep in the bowels of the earth, what processes, remained a mystery. To look there, more advanced equipment was needed. Beginning in the 1950s, a comprehensive study of the Earth's lithosphere was carried out in the Soviet Union.

For this, a program for drilling superdeep wells was created. Wells with a design depth of 3 to 7 kilometers, according to the classification, were called deep, over 7 kilometers - superdeep. Thanks to the program for drilling superdeep wells, it was possible to study some geological processes occurring underground.

Kola Superdeep and "Screams from Hell": https://projectavalon.net/forum4/sho...=1#post1673773


However, this method had its own very serious drawbacks. High temperatures and abnormal pressure prevented a detailed study of the Earth's solid shell. Often, instruments and equipment failed.

Drilling rigs could not always penetrate highly permeable gas aquifers and the stressed state of rocks. Then it was proposed to use magnetic-hydrodynamic generators to study the great depths of the Earth, with the help of which it would be possible to conduct electromagnetic sounding. These were super-powerful energy installations in which the energy of the working fluid moving in a magnetic field was converted into electrical energy.

One of the first classified experiments was conducted on the Kola Peninsula in 1975. A magnetic-hydrodynamic generator was installed on the isthmus between the Kola and Sredny islands. Motovsky Bay was connected to Malaya Volkova Bay with a 7-kilometer aluminum cable.

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MHD installation "Khibiny"

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The energy installation was put into operation. A powerful charge of 22 thousand amperes went 30 kilometers into the Earth. A huge column of fire and smoke appeared near the power plant.

Having passed a powerful electric charge through the Earth, resistance measurements were taken at different depths. Knowing the resistance of different rocks, it was possible to calculate what was hidden deep in the bowels of the Earth. The results of the experiment were sensational.

The researchers managed to obtain new data on the structure of the lithosphere of the Baltic Shield. Seismologists paid attention to this experiment, after which it was decided to conduct another experiment with a magnetic hydrodynamic generator to study deep processes in the centers of impending earthquakes. Not all scientists approved of this decision.

The fact is that no one knew how this experiment could end and what processes it could activate in the center of an incipient earthquake. A seismically active zone was needed to conduct the experiment. The Garm geodynamic test site, located in Tajikistan, in the transition zone from the Pamirs to the Tien Shan, was best suited for this.

This was one of the most seismically active zones of Central Asia, where catastrophic earthquakes occurred. The magnetohydrodynamic generator PAMIR-1 was created specifically for this purpose, consisting of two MHD channels located between coils without an iron magnetic system. The total capacity of the installation was 30,000 kW.

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These cylinders can be compared to rocket engines. The pressure inside is 40 atmospheres, the temperature is 4000 degrees. A unique plasma-forming powder fuel burns in them. The technology for its production is Russian "know-how": when the Americans learned about the USSR's developments, they began to implement a similar project, but they were never able to repeat it. The plasma flow accelerates to a speed of 2 thousand meters per second. When interacting with the magnetic field of the magnetic system, an electric current is generated.

The installation is very compact. Its main advantage is a very high density of stored energy per unit mass. There are still no analogues in the world.


The time of the experiments coincided with three major earthquakes. On July 10, an earthquake occurred 40 kilometers from the test site at a depth of 7 kilometers. On September 3 and October 19, earthquakes occurred near the installed magnetohydrodynamic generator.

The first day of the experiment was very tense. Some researchers believed that conducting such activities in a seismically active zone was complete madness from a safety point of view. The secret testing ground was cordoned off, it was impossible to allow unauthorized persons to accidentally enter, since being near the operating installation was mortally dangerous.

A powerful discharge could burn any living thing that got into the zone of action. Two electrodes were installed in the ground at a great distance from each other on the territory of the testing ground. It turned out to be a kind of huge plug, which was connected to the power plant.

The magnetohydrodynamic generator was activated. There was a deafening roar (explosion). A column of dust and fire rose up to a height of 14 meters.


According to eyewitnesses, from the outside it really looked like an atomic explosion. A mushroom cloud rose above the sea. Pressing its thin stem into the ground, it grew and swayed. The spectacle was accompanied by a roar that echoed among the rocks and spread over Motovsky Bay.

But this was not an explosion of an atomic bomb, but the consequences of a short - eight-second - electric shock of enormous strength - about 20 thousand amperes. It was generated by an MHD generator. From it, the current passed through two powerful aluminum cables to the bays surrounding the isthmus between the Kutovaya and Volokova bays.

The charge "spread" into the sea, forming diverging loops with a radius of 50-100 kilometers around Rybachy. The importance that was given to this experiment at the time is evidenced by the fact that it was supervised by the Institute of Physics of the Earth of the USSR Academy of Sciences. And its ideological inspirer was Academician Yevgeny Velikhov.

The testing ground was illuminated by a bright flash. The roar, similar to an explosion, was reflected from the mountains. It was heard by residents of several villages.

The noise grew, like an avalanche, then suddenly died down, leaving people completely bewildered. The generator produced a pulse of monstrous power, which went deep into the ground through the electrodes for 20 kilometers and penetrated the centers of potential earthquakes. Special stations recorded response signals, by which it was possible to determine approaching tremors.

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The results of the experiment were sensational. With the help of one installation, it was possible to significantly increase the sensitivity of the forecast of approaching earthquakes and conduct probing over a large territory. Research showed that a decrease in apparent resistance was recorded before earthquakes.

Sometimes this was determined one and a half months before the tremors. After the earthquake, the apparent resistance was restored. Thus, an accurate and sensitive forecast of strong earthquakes was created.

With the help of one magnetohydrodynamic generator, it was possible to control an area equal to 10,000 square kilometers. Experts calculated that about 25 MHD installations would be needed to control the most seismically dangerous zones of Central Asia. The second amazing discovery was the following detail.

Scientists recorded that during the experiment, the number of strong tremors near the installation decreased, they were replaced by weaker ones. This meant that the impulses from the power plant led to the initiation of deformation processes in the earth's crust, as a result of which there was a redistribution of energy. Thus, a discovery was made that, theoretically, it was possible to artificially control deformation processes in the earth's crust. (Now, with the help of this installation, scientists can find out where and when an earthquake will occur and stop this earthquake before it happens)

In scientific terms, we can assume that under the influence of MHD generator impulses, deformation processes in the earth's crust were initiated. It led to a redistribution of energy, says Viktor Novikov. - Later, we experimentally confirmed that the idea of artificial control of deformation processes in the earth's crust has a right to exist.

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It took time to create more modernized installations with which it was possible to penetrate faults and prevent strong tremors, rarefying the sources of earthquakes. However, in the 80s, funding for these projects began to decrease, after which it was suggested that the use of magnetohydrodynamic generators had no practical value. Then all experiments were stopped, and the unique technology was mothballed.

Most of the unique installations were sawed up and handed over for scrap metal. Only two magnetohydrodynamic generators survived. One of them stands on a pedestal next to the research station in northern Tien Shan, the second in the courtyard of the United Institute of High Temperatures.

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Newspaper "Evening Murmansk" article "The Secret of the Khibiny Depths", published 09.28.2009

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Remains of the MHD experiment "Khibiny"

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The unique installation on the Kola Peninsula was abandoned at the time. Over time, only ruins remained in its place. And many do not even imagine what kind of scientific experiment was conducted on this territory half a century ago.


The results were surprising

Doctor of geological and mineralogical sciences Abdulkhay Zhamaletdinov, an employee of the Kola branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, noted that this experiment made it possible to understand the main features of the structure of the electrical conductivity of the ancient crystalline shield. The results, it must be said, were unexpected. Previously, scientists believed that the Baltic crystalline shield was a relatively homogeneous area composed of poorly conducting rocks. In reality, about a dozen large blocks of different electrical resistance were discovered. During the experiment, zones were identified that were promising in terms of finding mineral deposits.

Scientists claimed that the MHD generator could become an indispensable assistant in finding and assessing hydrocarbon deposits. With the help of its pulses, it is possible to determine the boundary between oil and gas, oil and water, and to assess the thickness of oil deposits. The experiments that began on the Kola Peninsula were supposed to be continued on Sakhalin. The Presidium of the USSR Academy of Sciences approved a program of work on the study of the earth's crust in the ore and oil and gas regions of the North and Far East of the USSR for 1981-1985 using the geoelectric method. A number of research institutes in the country were to be involved in this work.

However, in the 80s, interest in the MHD generator at Rybachye gradually began to wane. There were claims that the information obtained had no practical value.

Experiments on the Kola MHD generator began to take place less and less frequently. In the 90s, the house where the employees servicing the generator lived burned down. However, by that time there were only two of them left.

Some forces prevented this technology from being given to the world. It is no longer a secret that there are forces that control the development of technology and these enemies in every possible way deprive humanity of good technologies so that people can live better and solve problems. Take Nikola Tesla, for example, when he invented wireless transmission of electricity, capitalists stopped sponsoring his projects and deprived him of his laboratory. They were afraid of losing their business selling the same wires to power lines. The goals can be completely different, someone had a hand in it.

Not in vain

However, in other regions of our country, experiments with MHD generators are still ongoing. As experiments in the Pamirs and Tien Shan have shown, MHD generator launches can create a series of relatively weak earthquakes and thus prevent a catastrophic seismic event or reduce its magnitude within a radius of 500 kilometers. A large-scale experiment in the Far East has already been prepared.

In addition, a new, cheaper, environmentally friendly and safe MHD installation "Shelf" has been developed. According to scientists, it can be used as a powerful autonomous source of electricity as part of a marine electrical exploration complex for the exploration and assessment of oil and gas deposits on the shelf.

Recently, oil field exploration has begun in Rybachye. According to experts, this peninsula is the most promising place to search for hydrocarbons in the Kola Territory. However, the work is being carried out in the most traditional way - drilling. Deposits have not yet been discovered, and the work has been curtailed due to the crisis.

And now only ruins remain of the MHD generator that could have shown where the deposits are. The object that was the pride of Soviet science was dismantled by "metalworkers". The unique equipment ended up in the scrap yard as ordinary scrap metal...

And the newspaper "Polyarnaya Pravda" issue 19 from February 10, 2006

It's been many years since the first launch of the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) generator "Khibiny" in the area of the Rybachy Peninsula with a capacity of 80 thousand kilowatts. This was the idea of academician Evgeny Pavlovich Velikhov, who set the task of studying the deep structure of the Kola Peninsula.

One of the participants in the experiment, scientific secretary of the Kola Science Center Anatoly Vinogradov recalled its very first day. "We arrive at the location of the "Khibiny" base camp in clear sunny weather. We observe the colorful spectacle of the MHD launch. A sea of fire and smoke. A current of enormous power, 22 thousand amperes, went into the sea! Everyone froze at the radio, waiting for messages from the receiving stations.

10 minutes pass, 20 minutes, and there is no news. The voltage grows. Finally, after half an hour, a message arrives that the signals have been received at a distance of over 100 km from the MHD generator! Evgeny Pavlovich jumped with delight, like a boy, completely forgetting about his solid regalia as a member of the Presidium of the Russian Academy of Sciences and the Defense Council of the USSR. After this message, it became clear that the Khibiny experiment had received a start in life and was destined to go down in the history of deep geophysical research."

The conduct and results of the unique MHD experiment were covered on the pages of domestic and foreign newspapers and magazines. In honor of the significant event, an international conference was recently held at the Geological Institute of the Kola Science Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, which was attended by the author of the brilliant idea.

Leading scientific organizations of the USSR took part in the implementation of the Khibiny experiment. Measurements of MHD signals were carried out not only on the territory of the Union, but also in Finland and Norway.

Extremely interesting use of MHD technology.

Could this be the actual truth about the USAs fears of Soviet Era underground nuclear testing. At one point there was intelligence suggesting two underground tests simultaneously not far apart.
Some believed the Soviets were working on some sort of plasma beam or new weaponry...

On October 11, 1961, the first underground nuclear tests in the Soviet Union took place at the Semipalatinsk test site. The event became an important stage in the development of the nuclear component of the Soviet defense capability. The fact is that the use of nuclear weapons in the atmosphere, in space and under water negatively affected the human habitat, but it was still necessary to improve such ammunition to ensure the country's defense. Therefore, nuclear tests were moved underground.

In the context of the ongoing Cold War and the further development of the arms race, the technical improvement of the Soviet Army was of particular importance. By that time, nuclear weapons had become one of the most effective instruments of deterrence and mutual balance of power between the two superpowers - the USSR and the USA. One of the main Soviet test sites for such weapons was located on the territory of the Kazakh SSR, 130 kilometers from the city of Semipalatinsk. Officially, it was called the 2nd State Central Scientific Research Test Site, and among testers it received the unofficial name "two". As subsequent experience showed, the test site, created as part of a large-scale Soviet atomic project, was extremely well located. The terrain within its boundaries allowed the military, among other things, to conduct underground nuclear explosions.

It is worth mentioning that the palm of primacy in underground explosions belonged to the American military. On November 19, 1951, tests under the code name "Uncle" were conducted at the Nevada Test Site in the United States. A nuclear explosion with a capacity of 1.2 kilotons was carried out at a shallow depth - only 5.5 meters. The Americans designated the purpose of the tests as checking the damaging factors of this type of explosion. Since 1957, the States began conducting regular underground tests of nuclear weapons.

Yes, regarding plasma weapons, experiments have been conducted and will be conducted. For example, the USSR Plasma Weapon, Hypersonic Aircraft.

Another way to use plasma technology is hypersound. As was said earlier, heated air greatly expands in volume - i.e. has a low density.

That is, if you create a plasma cloud on the path of an airplane, then inside this cloud the air density will be thousands of times less than around.

That is, the airplane will fly in a very rarefied atmosphere!

The principle is the same as with "Shkval" - it creates a cavitation cavity inside which a torpedo moves and in the same way it is possible to create a similar cavitation cavity in the air.

Inside such an air "cavitation" cavity - plasma, the device will be able to develop hypersonic speed.

By the way, an aircraft with its own plasma installation will be able to protect itself from plasma air defense

On the way of the "air pocket" it will be able to create its own hole, which will compensate for the artificial heterogeneity of the atmosphere and will not allow the aircraft to turn sideways.

Hypersonic aerospace aircraft with a plasma engine

The project of a radically new hypersonic aircraft "Ayaks" with a plasma engine arose in the USSR in the 1980s.

Its distinctive feature was a two-circuit skin, between the layers of which a thermochemical reactor was located. Using water and kerosene, it takes heat from the upper contour of the aircraft. A catalyst is added to the heated mixture, resulting in hydrogen-enriched fuel. The resulting mixture enters the combustion chamber, where a stream of cold plasma is fed using a plasma generator. Then the components are accelerated by a magnetohydrodynamic accelerator and exit through a nozzle to the outside in the form of a jet stream.

The flight range of the Ayaks could reach 20 thousand kilometers at a speed of up to 29,000 km/h. The device could ensure the rapid transportation of cargo or people to any point on the planet, make contact with spacecraft located in low orbit, and be used for military purposes.

In the early 1990s, a series of hypersonic devices "Neva" was designed on the basis of the Ayaks. The aircraft were intended for geographical, environmental, meteorological, transport and strategic purposes. A passenger version was also presented, capable of transporting 81 people at a speed of up to 15,000 km/h.

The concept of the projects was an innovation, and therefore was very expensive and risky, as a result of which the projects did not receive approval and were frozen.

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