How the USSR was destroyed. Defeat in the Cold War and the Birth of New Russia

[Russian Bear]

I have already published 1 part of an article on this topic. Now I want to publish a series of articles on this topic. There will be many parts, so if anyone is interested, make tea with lemon and enjoy reading! This article is intended for a narrow circle of friends, as not everyone will be interested in it, but I will publish it because I care about this topic and it is very interesting to me in the first place. Be sure to read part 1 who hasn't read it.



Part 1: 🔥🔥🔥💀💀💀💥💥💥(History) The collapse of the USSR. How the Russians were betrayed: the collapse of the USSR is the final division of the Russian people To better understand Part 2, be sure to read Part 1.
https://projectavalon.net/forum4/sho...=1#post1664094

Putin's entourage declared that the USSR exists! Here's why it was done
https://projectavalon.net/forum4/sho...=1#post1671746

After the execution of Tsar Nicholas II with his family and servants, the Russian Empire ceased to exist, and the Soviet Union was born on the blood of the Russian Tsar and his children. There was a fratricidal war, from which the Russian people suffered greatly.

Nikolay 2 (THE ROMANOVS) Russian documentaries with English dubbing
https://projectavalon.net/forum4/sho...=1#post1683077

In fact, the revolution itself in the Russian Empire was made by Lenin. And the basis and foundation of the country itself was laid by comrade Stalin.
📈(History) The Russian economic miracle that everyone is silent about. Stalin's economy
https://projectavalon.net/forum4/sho...=1#post1672416


But after Stalin's death, Nikita Khrushchev took over the helm of the entire country and began to destroy the foundations of Soviet power. Malenkov was acting head, who was later also removed by Khrushchev. Georgy Maksimilianovich Malenkov was a Soviet statesman and party figure, associate of Joseph Stalin, and Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR (1953–1955). De facto leader of the USSR from March 1953 to February 1955.

From that moment on, the USSR began to weaken.

Khrushchev's reforms that led to the liquidation of the Soviet Union

More than 70 years ago, in 1954, violating the Constitution of the USSR, Nikita Khrushchev withdrew Crimea from the RSFSR and transferred it to the Ukrainian SSR.

We are still paying for that fateful decision of the leader of the Soviet Union.

Everyone knows about this act of Khrushchev.

But there are actions of this figure that are much more terrible than the transfer of Crimea, but they are practically not talked about.

But many researchers point out that the reason for the collapse of the USSR lies precisely in the actions of Khrushchev.

In the 90s, they tried to mold the image of a reformer, almost a hero, from Khrushchev:
◾️ after all, he exposed Stalin's "personality cult",
◾️ freed the people from the "bloody legacy"!
◾️ The Khrushchev era was called the "thaw", saying that spring came after Stalin's winter.


Nikita Sergeevich Khrushchev was a Soviet politician, statesman and party leader, First Secretary of the Central Committee of the CPSU (1953–1964).

What actually happened?
Let's figure it out!

____________
FIGHT FOR POWER
____________
After Stalin's death in 1953, three people claimed the post of head of the USSR:
◾️ Malenkov,
◾️ Beria,
◾️ Khrushchev.



This is not to mention who exactly Stalin wanted to see as the leader of the USSR.

Moreover, Khrushchev was lagging behind his competitors. In fact, he was a nobody, having only the post of one of the secretaries of the Central Committee of the Communist Party.

The leader was Malenkov, combining the posts of Chairman of the Council of Ministers and also Secretary of the Central Committee of the CPSU, like Stalin before his death.

▶️ He actually became the head of the USSR.
▶️ And Beria became the Minister of Internal Affairs and Malenkov's deputy.

In general, Beria was a brilliant organizer. Under Stalin, he was the second person in the country.

Since 1951, even government documents were transferred to Stalin after Beria's visa.

But such a strong competitor, who still relied on the security agencies and could have dirt on everyone, was not needed.

So he was eliminated that same year. And they did it together.

Khrushchev began to select his team in a very peculiar way.
Stalin also wanted to renew the personnel, but Nikita Sergeyevich went his own way: he looked not at professionalism, but at loyalty to himself.

In general, he had the image of an energetic, but narrow-minded performer. A kind of buffoon. Few people saw him as the leader of the country. So Khrushchev stubbornly looked for comrades-in-arms and an approach to them.

And, it must be said, he found something that the ruling class as a whole could not refuse and recognized him as the leader of the country.

🔹 Stalin wanted to give all the plenitude of power into the hands of the Soviet organs, i.e. the government.
🔹 And to leave agitation, propaganda and training of personnel, i.e. ideological work, to the Communist Party (i.e. all officials, revolutionaries), removing them from power.

In the early 50s, the fight against the privileges of partycrats began.
This course was continued by Malenkov.

Malenkov cancelled all benefits:
✅ personal cars,
✅ sanatoriums,
✅ money in envelopes, the amount of which sometimes exceeded the salary by 5 times.

Khrushchev took advantage of this and attracted the dissatisfied top brass to his side, promising to return everything to them and throw in some extra.

As a result of such actions, Khrushchev was supported by the ruling group.



❗️ That is, he was supported only because he promised the party bureaucrats a well-fed and carefree life.

✅ Stalin did not allow officials to relax, they were forced to work,
❌ but Khrushchev made them a privileged class that even the security forces could not check.

Which led to the fact that traitors, the fifth column, began to appear in power.

Then in 1956, Khrushchev decided to radically break with the past.

At a closed meeting of the 20th Congress, Khrushchev denounced the cult of Stalin's personality.

❌ Mocked the memory of the leader and
❌ openly denigrated him, saying that Stalin allegedly fought on a globe and studied the country from films.
❌ Accused him of the fact that the USSR missed the offensive of the fascists.
❌ He blamed him for the repressions,
❌ and for the first time used the epithet “Stalinist” for them.

*Before that, the repressions were called “Yezhov’s”. The fact is that their peak occurred in 1937-1938, when Nikolai Yezhov was the People’s Commissar of Internal Affairs.
It was at that time that 85% of the total number of those convicted during the entire conditional Stalinist period were shot.

The report was secret only formally.
The text ended up in the USA and was immediately published. This is despite the fact that the full version was published in the USSR only in 1989.

The effect of the report was akin to an atomic explosion.

The crisis of the socialist camp broke out:
⛔️ Hungary almost changed its policy to anti-Soviet,
⛔️ Poland was engulfed in unrest,
⛔️ Romania requested the withdrawal of Soviet troops,
⛔️ Albania simply broke with the USSR.
⛔️ Relations with China also deteriorated.

This was a blow to the foundation of the Soviet project and state.
The Stalinist system was collapsing before our eyes.

And all this, naturally, played into the hands of the West.

No matter what anyone says, the real creator of the USSR that we know is Stalin. He created the socialist camp, i.e. that very pro-Soviet bloc.

And then they started pouring slop on him in his own country!
That is, destroying the foundation, the core of the communist movement throughout the world.

Much has been said today about why Khrushchev went against Stalin.

🔸 Liberals believe that he was a great guy who put the country on the path of democratization, that he is a really good leader. A communist, of course, yes, that's a minus. But overall, he is a good guy.

🔸 Another popular version is that Khrushchev took revenge for the death of his son Leonid.

*What exactly happened to him will remain a secret, because the pages related to those years were torn out of his file.

Probably, Khrushchev himself got rid of the incriminating evidence when he got access to the archives.

But according to the testimony of Mikhail Dokuchaev, a KGB general, Leonid, Khrushchev's son, betrayed the Motherland at the front - he began to work for the Germans. For this, he was sentenced to death by execution. When everything was revealed, Khrushchev crawled on his knees before Stalin, begging for forgiveness. To which Stalin replied that he could not help in this situation.

And so Khrushchev's son was shot and allegedly because of this he hated Stalin.

It all seems to sound well, but the main reason for de-Stalinization is usually kept silent.

🔸 And it consisted of a preemptive strike.

The thing is that Khrushchev was one of the most bloodthirsty executioners during the repressions,
along with Robert Eikhe, the first secretary of the West Siberian region.

He wanted to shoot 10,800 people. Khrushchev was then the head of the Moscow Committee and wanted to sentence 41,305 people to death. Six months later, when he became the first secretary of the Central Committee of the Ukrainian Party, he sent a request for 20,000 people, i.e. this is a list of those who need to be shot.

By denigrating Stalin at the 20th Congress, accusing him of repressions, Khrushchev was absolving himself of responsibility for his contribution to these repressions.

He inflated the scale of the purges, which worked great as shock therapy for the people, and Khrushchev strengthened his grip on power.

Plus, he said that Stalin oppressed you, but under me you will live like a king.

In the end, he outplayed all his competitors.

And in 1958, he also became the head of the Council of Ministers.

Another important point is how he looked for allies.

And if Stalin emphasized the Russian people as the state-forming people, then under Khrushchev the opposite process began.

People from local ethnic groups began to govern the autonomous regions, even if they were not ready for this. Khrushchev relied on regional and national groups to support him in the struggle for power.

New borders were drawn for this purpose.

❌ For example, Kazakhstan was given areas of the Orenburg region, where only Russians lived. Even now, the population there is mainly Russian.
❌ And in 1954, Khrushchev gave Crimea to Ukraine.



➡️ Firstly, he needed the support of Ukrainian party officials.
➡️ And, secondly, it was an attempt to buy them.

After all, if in Moscow he managed to destroy the archives, then in Ukraine there was evidence and people who could point a finger at him and say that he was an executioner.

⛔️ It is popularly believed that Khrushchev freed millions of victims of repression. But this is just a myth.
✅ In reality, Beria carried out the largest amnesty.

According to his decree, 1 million 200 thousand people were released in 1953.

Khrushchev signed an amnesty for those who collaborated with the fascists (traitors) during the war.
About 100 thousand Banderites returned to 5 regions of Ukraine.

And most importantly, as soon as the amnesty was issued, the Bandera leadership changed tactics. They stopped active struggle and gave the command: Banderovites and their family members must do everything to take places in the Soviet organs.

This is how the integration of traitor nationalists into power began, and it was quite successful (Traitors in Russia are also called the 5th column - those who hate Russia and, being in power, try to destroy it while in the shadows and acting secretly).

By 1965, 40% of the leadership were Banderovites.

That is, the bomb that exploded in Ukraine today was planted in the 50s by this criminal pardon.

Khrushchev relied on local nationalism, which eventually grew into Nazism.

______________________
FROM THE ECONOMY TO THE SURRENDER OF NATIONAL INTERESTS
______________________

Khrushchev continued to destroy what Stalin had done.

In order to improve his image in the eyes of the West, he carried out an army reform.

❌ Unilaterally reduced the number of the USSR armed forces. From August 1955 to May 1956, almost 2 million people were fired.
❌ People were driven out into nowhere and no one cared how they would live and where they would work.
❌ Khrushchev destroyed Stalin's program for the construction of a navy that could withstand the aggression of the USA and Britain and could defend its interests anywhere in the world's oceans.

One can also take into account the fact that the shipbuilding industry provided thousands of jobs.

❌ This project, so necessary for the country and dangerous for the West, was destroyed at the root by Khrushchev.
❌ Even the finished ships were calmly sent to the scrap yard.

❌ They also hit the aviation industry.

*Under Stalin, this industry, without which the country's full sovereignty is impossible, was created practically from scratch.

❌ Khrushchev decided that since there were ballistic missiles, spending on other things could be reduced, including aviation.

❌ Many planes were sent to the scrap yard,
❌ and breakthrough projects were closed.

At the same time, the West did not appreciate the relaxation of tension: armies and navies were not reduced, the arms race continued.

Incidentally, Gorbachev would later do the same thing: reduce the military power of the USSR and not demand this from the West.

In order to be known as a peacemaker, Khrushchev gave gifts to the West, but thereby worsened the situation of the USSR.

❌ He withdrew his troops from Austria,
❌ and gave China the Port Arthur naval base and everything that was built there absolutely free of charge.

At the same time, American bases in Japan, South Korea, Taiwan and the Philippines remained.

❌ He also gave up his positions in the Baltics, leaving Finland.

And the US, on the contrary, increased its presence.

I repeat, this was done without any benefit to the country.

❌ Moreover, in order to appease Mao Zedong, who was dissatisfied with the 20th Party Congress, Khrushchev gave him lists of Soviet agents in China in 1956. Who, think about it, were arrested and executed.

And what about the economy?

The model of advancement that Stalin laid down as the foundation of the state allowed the USSR to achieve such growth that no one has ever surpassed.

From 1929 to 1955, the economy grew 14 times!

The average annual growth was 13.8%.

For example, in the USA this figure is now 2.2%.

❌ Khrushchev launched the mechanism of degradation in the economy.
❌ He canceled the MPE — the model of increasing the efficiency of the economy.

*The MPE was introduced in 1939 and it was this that ensured high rates of development. It was a combination of moral and material incentives for workers.

They were introduced to reduce costs and improve the quality of products. If a new product met these points, then the workers immediately received a bonus.

For example, for each kilogram of product saved, OKB-590 (this is a bureau for the development of computer technology) paid 500 rubles — half of the monthly salary of an engineer.
As for moral incentives, those who generated good ideas were promoted.

It was thanks to the MPE that prices were reduced annually under Stalin.



Plus, talents were revealed, and people became kinder. Everyone realized their importance in the team. At the same time, incentives did not apply to managers. By the way, MPE was even used in the army during the war.
We know the result very well.

In 1955, MPE was borrowed by Japan, which gave it rapid growth.
And the USSR abolished it that same year.

Here is what a Japanese businessman said about this:
“In 1939, you, Russians, were smart, and we, Japanese, were fools.
In 1949, you became even smarter, and we were still fools.
And in 1955, we became smarter, and you turned into five-year-old children.
Our entire economic system is copied from yours. All our companies have your slogans from the Stalin era hanging in them.”

Khrushchev quietly shut everything down.

❌ Now bonuses depended on the size of the salary. That is, the more you earn, the more money you will be given on top.
❌ Plus, they removed the requirements for reducing the cost price,
❌ and the amount of bonuses was fixed at 2% of the development price.
❌ It became profitable not to reduce, but, on the contrary, to inflate the cost price.
❌ And therefore, prices began to creep up.
❌ The incentive to implement scientific developments in production disappeared, because they practically did not pay for it.
❌ And now they gave a raise not for how you work, but how you communicate with the management.

As a result, the managers were in chocolate, and, of course, approved the innovations.

The abolition of the MPE is like one of the nails in the coffin of the Soviet Union.

❌ Khrushchev did one more thing that predetermined the collapse of the USSR: he partially agreed with the Bretton Woods system, where the dollar is the main currency of the world.

Let me remind you that in 1944, at the Bretton Woods Conference, it was decided that all currencies would be related through the dollar.

The USSR also signed the documents. But after the defeat of Hitler, Stalin refused to ratify the Bretton Woods agreements.



As a result, the Soviet Union tied the ruble to the country's assets and set the exchange rate to the dollar: "At most - 4 rubles."

Naturally, the US was unhappy.
In fact, Stalin did not allow the dreams of the Anglo-Saxons to come true in full. And most importantly, there were those willing to trade for the gold ruble.

In 1952, a conference on this topic was held. 49 countries participated in it.

This was nothing more than undermining the dominant role of the dollar.
Can you imagine what prospects were opening up?

❌ But Khrushchev stopped it all.

❌ The monetary reform of 1961 is not remembered today. And in vain!

This was not just "cutting off zeros".
This was the step that brought the country 2 troubles:
❌ dependence on oil and
❌ food shortages.
Old money was exchanged for new money at a ratio of 10 to 1.

❌ But there was one oddity: the dollar exchange rate before the reform was 4 rubles, and at the new rate it should have been 40 kopecks. But it became 90 kopecks. It was changed not by 10 times, but by 4.44.

❌ The same applied to gold backing.

That is, the reform deliberately weakened the ruble against the dollar and gold by 2.25 times!

Against this background, oil began to be sold on a large scale. First to the socialist countries, and then to the West. In principle, this became profitable only after the devaluation of the ruble: the stronger the dollar, the more money the treasury receives from the sale of hydrocarbons abroad.

The USSR became addicted to oil, and prices in the country began to rise.

❌ If in state trade they changed by 10 times, then on the market only by 4.5.
❌ It became profitable for collective farms and stores to sell products to the market.
❌ Goods flowed into private trade,
❌ which created a deficit and hit people's pockets.
❌ As a result, in order to reduce the gap between markets and stores, prices in state trade were increased.

Meat alone increased by 30%.
❌ The result was mass protests.
❌ The most famous tragedy was in Novocherkassk. The military simply shot demonstrators: 26 dead and more than a hundred wounded.

❌ Khrushchev also hit agriculture.

In general, food security is one of the foundations of the state. If a country cannot feed itself, it will be forced to buy food abroad, paying for it with its own resources.

❌ Under Khrushchev, our country began buying grain in the West for the first time: in 1963, 12 million tons were purchased. Almost all foreign exchange reserves and a significant portion of gold were spent on this.

❌ As a result, the USSR became hooked on the “bread needle” and by the mid-80s spent 900 tons of gold on grain.

There were many reasons for this.
❌ There was the adventure of planting corn wherever possible.
❌ And the development of virgin lands, on which they poured a lot of money, but it all ended in an ecological disaster:
❌ Millions of hectares of natural zones were destroyed.
❌ And the liquidation of “unpromising villages”.
Then, specialists who appeared out of nowhere assessed which villages could be left and which ones could be resettled.
❌ Plus, Khrushchev destroyed state machine and tractor stations and ordered collective farms to buy out the equipment. As a result, all savings were spent on the buyout, and it was not possible to create a base for maintenance.
❌ Many machines turned into scrap metal. Total losses.
❌ Many of Stalin's grandiose buildings, which had important economic goals, were cancelled at the construction stage.

For example, such projects were cancelled

Transpolar highway.

The project was supposed to connect the north of Siberia with the rest of the country. By 1953, the railway from Dudinka to Norilsk was built, and it remained to build a section between Pur and Novy Urengoy. On Khrushchev's orders, the project was shut down, and all the equipment, part of the road and related things were sunk.

Tunnel crossing to Sakhalin.

The project was supposed to run from Cape Lazarev to Cape Pogibi, over 10 kilometers long. In addition to the tunnel itself, it was planned to build about 500 kilometers of railway. In 1953, when Stalin died, 120 kilometers of the entire route were already ready. Khrushchev ordered the project to be stopped, the equipment to be sunk, and the mine to be filled.

Main Turkestan Canal.

The project was supposed to connect the arid regions of Central Asia and provide them with water. The plans included the construction of a separate railway, hydroelectric power stations and other related structures. Under Stalin, they only managed to build the railway, and after he was gone, Khrushchev ordered the project to be shut down.

A plan to transform nature.
It was supposed to reclaim 120 million hectares of land from the steppe zone and include it in agricultural circulation, plant more than four million hectares of forest and create state forest-protection belts over five thousand kilometers long in 15 years. In 1953, the plan was stopped, moreover, forest plantations began to be cut down, 570 forest protection stations were closed.

All this greatly undermined the potential of the Soviet village.

"But wait!", someone will say, "what about:
🔸 Sputnik,
🔸 Gagarin,
🔸 Tereshkova? -
After all, all this was under Khrushchev."

Yes. But the space program was launched under Stalin.

▶️ A ballistic missile appeared.
⏩ But the decree on the creation of missile weapons was issued back in 1946.



Here we need to understand that the USSR under Khrushchev moved forward by inertia. The sabotage of the authorities could not immediately cause a catastrophe.

▶️ They say that Khrushchev issued passports to all the peasants.
⏩ But the passport project was prepared under Beria.
⏩ And passports began to be issued everywhere only in 1976.
So Khrushchev had nothing to do with them either.

▶️ People were moved from barracks to separate apartments.
Yes, at that time they really began to build panel houses with small rooms. ⏩ Only these projects were developed under Stalin.
⏩ And they looked different. Does everyone understand the difference between a Stalin-era building with three-meter ceilings and a scanty Khrushchev-era building?



⏩ And the first houses using mass construction technology were built back in 1938. The box house you see in the newspaper clipping was assembled in just 11 days.



If it weren't for the war, the people of the USSR would have lived in comfortable homes by the 1950s.

✔️ The only thing that can be attributed to Khrushchev without sarcasm as an achievement is the Cuban Missile Crisis. He did not agree with the deployment of American missiles in Turkey and went all the way, winning this confrontation.

33) 💀💀💀⛔⛔⛔(History, Cold War) USSR and USA are on the brink of nuclear war and World War III
https://projectavalon.net/forum4/sho...=1#post1665101

But this cannot cross out those actions that essentially led to the collapse of a great country, with all the accompanying attributes.

Khrushchev broke the foundation on which the USSR stood
❌ this is Stalin's authority and
❌ Stalin's economy.
❌ And on the contrary, he carried out his reforms, which created a new privileged class from officials,
❌ which degenerated into those who destroyed the USSR in the late 80s.

Khrushchev, instead of the cult of Stalin, began to create a cult of the party. The party bosses did not want to be just the voice of morality and ideology, they decided to fight for power.

And Khrushchev gave them all the privileges for a comfortable life.

❌ It was under him that the nomenklatura began to degenerate and separate from the people.
❌ The party began to live for itself
❌ and over time turned into a new class of exploiters.
By the 80s, this process was already irreversible.

Well, Khrushchev's socialism became a type of capitalism - state capitalism.

❌ The values ​​of communism were replaced by the desire for enrichment. Everyone saw this and said: "What communism?" and slowly began to enrich themselves.

❌ And the constant rise in prices, which began under Khrushchev, was the main feature of a capitalist society.

On the one hand, Khrushchev's reforms were disorderly.
But on the other hand, they were systemic. And the essence of this system is destruction.

In all this chaos, there is one pattern: all the changes led to the collapse of the Soviet Union.

And I am not saying that Khrushchev was a conscious enemy of the state. He just wanted recognition. But he could have been used blindly. Well, in fact, Khrushchev himself was energetic and stupid. In the end, everyone got tired of him and the party itself removed him from office.

However, the processes that ended with the collapse of the USSR started with him.

Source: https://youtube.com/watch?v=nWnW3kKcL1A

Song lyrics PATRIOT
I want to tell you about our beloved system,
It seems to me that each of you will agree with me,
Everyone says that everything is very good in the West,
Whoever tells me this, I will wipe it into dust!

Everything that is Soviet is cool, cars and pants,
Let everything be expensive, but everything is ours, guys,
Don't sneer at me so fiercely and don't sneer,
I know that the best currency in the world is our Tambov ruble.

We sing the glory of the beloved and native party,
For ruling our country so wonderfully,
For bread, for water, for freedom, for happy work,
Soviet missiles will wipe all the bourgeois into dust!

Well, what good do they have, only shame and disgrace:
Tape recorders, VCRs, why do we need them,
We will sing to the accordion about our beloved land,
Where for an honest worker, not life, but simply paradise.

Stop listening to your bourgeois rock, join the CPSU!

And develop a patriotic spirit in yourself,
We all live very happily in the Soviet country.
Oh, how sad for the workers who rot abroad!

We sing the glory of the beloved and native party,
For ruling our country so beautifully,
For bread, for water, for freedom, for happy work,
Soviet missiles will grind all the bourgeois into dust!

My native country is wide and there is a lot in it,
And who said that there is nothing in the stores
Open your eyes and look - on the shelves there is soft, fresh bread,
And mineral water, are you completely blind?!

Thanks to our party, we bow to it to the ground,
For its honor we will all stand together as a dense wall,
With a callus at the factory we will earn rubles,
And we will give it to the peace fund and to the fund of our native party!

We sing the glory of the beloved and native party,
For the fact that it rules our country so beautifully,
For bread, for water, for freedom, for happy work,
Soviet missiles will wipe all the bourgeois into dust!

[Russian Bear]

More than 30 years have passed since the collapse of the Soviet Union.

Source: https://youtube.com/watch?v=oJ09m6dFdyk

Lowering of the USSR national flag over the Kremlin on December 25, 1991.

The official version of the reasons for this event is as follows: due to economic, political and social problems, the country entered into stagnation, which developed into a crisis.
The leadership of the USSR tried to solve these problems with the help of perestroika, but this did not produce results.

When the situation reached a dead end, the leaders of the three republics - Yeltsin, Kravchuk and Shushkevich - signed the "Agreement on the Creation of the Commonwealth of Independent States" - the Belovezh Accords - in Belarus.


Signing of the Belovezh Accords. Sitting at the table: on the left - Vitold Fokin and Leonid Kravchuk, in the center - Stanislav Shushkevich and Vyacheslav Kebich, on the right - Boris Yeltsin and Gennady Burbulis


This agreement declared the end of the existence of the USSR as a subject of international law and geopolitical reality.

Based on this agreement, on December 25, 1991, USSR President Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev announced his resignation from the post of president in connection with the creation of the CIS and signed a decree on the resignation of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief of the allied Armed Forces.

Gorbachev M.S. (December 25, 1991):

With the formation of the Commonwealth of Independent States, I am ending my activities as President of the USSR.

Thus, Gorbachev removed himself from power.

The next day, December 26, 1991, the Council of the Republics of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR - a body not provided for by the Constitution of the USSR (which is important!), adopted a declaration on the termination of the existence of the USSR in connection with the formation of the CIS.

Thus, the USSR and its institutions of power were officially dissolved.

This is the official version of events.

There are two key points to be made here:
1. There were various problems in the USSR that led to the need for perestroika.
2. Yeltsin, Kravchuk and Shushkevich contributed to the collapse of the USSR.

However, in reality, these people were not the main culprits of the collapse of the country.

There were other people behind the collapse of the USSR who did not seek publicity.

The official version is that the end of the USSR was brought about by the Belovezh Accords.

However, a more correct answer points to Gorbachev.

But the main question is who stood behind Gorbachev himself, who was the "grey cardinal" and who controlled the situation?

We will also consider this question.

From the report of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union to the 27th Congress of the CPSU:
In the quarter century since the adoption of the third program of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, the country has achieved significant successes... National income has increased almost fourfold, industrial production fivefold, and agricultural production 1.7 times... Real income per capita has increased 2.6 times, and public consumption funds more than fivefold. 54 million apartments have been built, which has improved housing conditions for most families.

The Soviet Union, as they say, had serious problems.

I will quote an excerpt from the report of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, which was presented in 1986, that is, five years before the collapse of the country. This report talks about what was happening in the country and why it urgently needed to be rebuilt:

From the report of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union to the 27th Congress of the CPSU:
In the quarter century since the adoption of the third program of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, the country has achieved significant successes... National income has increased almost fourfold, industrial production fivefold, and agricultural production 1.7 times... Real income per capita has increased 2.6 times, and public consumption funds more than fivefold. 54 million apartments have been built, which has improved housing conditions for most families.

Here are some more statistics.

➡️ At one time, the USSR was one of the ten most developed countries in the world, occupying 2nd place in the ranking.

➡️ In addition, the Soviet Union was among the ten countries with the highest human development index - this indicator reflects the standard of living, literacy of the population, level of education and life expectancy.

*For comparison, Russia now occupies approximately 52nd place in the ranking.

This means that, based on this indicator, Russia should have collapsed a long time ago.

➡️ The Soviet Union had developed production of all major types of industrial products, and it was among the five countries that could independently provide themselves with everything they needed.

➡️ Between 1985 and 1990, agricultural production grew by 9.7%, which is 4% more than in the previous five-year period.

➡️ The USSR also had the lowest food prices in Europe.

➡️ In the 1980s, per capita food consumption reached a record high in Russian history.

➡️ Before perestroika, the Soviet Union was the world leader in the production of most key goods in major industries.

➡️ The USSR's economy accounted for approximately 20% of global industrial production.

It is important to note that the socialist bloc led by the Soviet Union developed faster than the capitalist bloc led by the United States.
And judging by this trend, the Soviet Union should have overtaken the United States.

Obviously, there were no global problems in the Soviet Union. But in the late 80s, our country experienced a shortage of goods, and this was done INTENTIONALLY.

For example, tobacco factories were closed for repairs, all at once.
Laws were passed that worsened the situation. There were also cases when wagons with food products heading to Moscow were delayed and not unloaded.
All of this was planned.

This has already been proven many times.

The shortage of goods in the late 80s was created artificially in order to weaken our country.

As an example, we can cite an excerpt from the well-known program "600 seconds", which talks about a shortage of goods.



Excerpts from the TV show "600 seconds":

While the battles at the stores are going on and the hungry queues are getting wet under the snow, cursing everything, some people, probably again by accident, are transporting fabulous shortages to the forest by truck and dumping them in the snow: a multitude, apparently invisible, dumped here, apparently still fresh, goose carcasses.

By the way, not only the wagons with watermelons are standing idle, but also those with meat. There is information (another cry of suffering, in fact) from the head of the October Railway, addressed to the most important person in the city. In total, as stated in a certified telegram to the most important person, there are 315 wagons with meat on the morning of the 16th. And in total - 2105 wagons, of which 500 with food cargo.

The film crew of "Seconds" witnessed a blatant, brazen barbarity - an artificially created death of chickens at a poultry farm.

Here in the factory heaps there are millions of cigarettes, tons of tobacco are piled up!

Insert: Smoking is harmful to your health and it is a sin!

The main question: "Who are these villains who destroyed the country so much?"

That is, the very shortage of goods in the USSR was planned and organized intentionally.

There were goods, but they were not delivered to stores.
All this was done in order to provoke revolutionary sentiments among people.

Food, cigarettes, alcohol - all this was confiscated.
Who did this and why?

The artificially created shortage of goods in the Soviet Union was the result of the activities of officials and business leaders.

These privileged strata of the population had everything: personal transport, dachas, apartments and vouchers to the best sanatoriums. However, when people retired, they lost all these benefits. Imagine what it was like to go from luxury to much more restrained conditions.

Thousands of people, including Mikhail Gorbachev, with the support of the West, used various methods to destroy the socialist system. They created artificial shortages of goods in order to provoke discontent among citizens and make them demand change.

Sazhi Umalatova (in 1991, a deputy of the USSR):

The interregional group, headed by Popov, Yeltsin - all... I have these documents, where they compiled in order to destroy the Soviet Union, we must create a deficit in all sectors.

Despite all the efforts aimed at destroying the country, data on per capita food consumption in the second half of the 1980s indicate that the citizens of the USSR did not experience a shortage of food.


Production of basic foodstuffs per capita (in kg) in 1989

Moreover, they consumed more food than the residents of other countries listed in the table. The only thing they were inferior to the United States in was meat consumption.

➡️ Compared to data from previous decades, the late 80s saw an increase in food consumption.


Food consumption in the USSR, kg per capita per year from 1950 to 1989

➡️ At the same time, more than 200 million Soviet citizens received or acquired housing, often for free.


Number of people who improved their housing conditions (million people)

One can only dream of such a standard of living nowadays.

I would also like to draw your attention to the CIA economic report on the USSR, see in detail: 16) 📊(History) The Soviet Economic Model Was the Best in the World (CIA Documents)
https://projectavalon.net/forum4/sho...=1#post1664047

From all of the above, we can conclude that there was no stagnation in the Soviet Union.

The country was in a state of stability and development.
However, in the late 80s, Soviet officials deliberately created problems for the country and the people in order to maintain their privileged position until the end of their days. This process began immediately after Stalin's death.

Stalin did not allow officials to live in luxury, so after his death, the CPSU party agreed with Khrushchev that Stalin was a tyrant. From that moment on, a gradual change in the country began in the interests of the party nomenklatura. As a result, it was decided that they would be better off under capitalism.

However, at a certain stage, the United States deceived everyone and turned the USSR into a raw materials colony.

Thus, we can conclude that perestroika, that is, the destruction of the Soviet Union, was purposefully carried out by the party nomenklatura together with the United States and Europe.

By the way, here is what the President of the United States of America said (August 20, 1992):

Make no mistake! Be assured: the fall of Communism was not a foregone conclusion. It took strong leadership from Presidents of both parties, including Republicans like Richard Nixon, Gerald Ford, and Ronald Reagan.
Without their vision and the support of the American people, the Soviet Union would be a powerful superpower today, and we would be facing a nuclear threat.


George Bush Sr. gives a speech about how the collapse of the USSR was the result of long-term efforts by the US leadership

We can talk about how the US destroyed the USSR separately. However, for those who claim that the "sovok (USSR)" was doomed, it is worth paying attention to the words of the president of the country you trust more: was the outcome predetermined and who brought it closer?

America sought to destroy the USSR because by the end of the 80s it had serious problems, unlike the Soviet Union.

This was achieved through joint efforts with the fifth column.

It is important to note that the country really did have problems. Do not think that I think that everything was perfect in the Soviet Union.

▶️ There was a shortage of consumer goods.
For example, chewing gum, jeans, equipment and furniture were in short supply.

▶️ There was also ideological stagnation. People did not believe in the party and communist ideas. And the party members themselves did not believe in it. People did not have goals to strive for.

Some problems arose immediately after the creation of the USSR, and some after Stalin's death, as has already been said.

However, in fact, by the beginning of perestroika, the USSR was the second economy in the world: education, science and consumption were at a high level compared to other countries of that time.

In my opinion, if people loyal to their country had come to power in the state, they would have successfully carried out reforms that would have helped solve the problems mentioned, and our country would already be a world leader in all areas.

As an example, we can cite China, which is formally a communist state.

In 1991, China ranked 11th in GDP, and the Soviet Union ranked second. However, China has not yet collapsed. The Chinese leadership decided to carry out reforms, and not destroy the country. And today, according to some data, China ranks first in the world in terms of economic development.

That is, even in this example it becomes clear that the Soviet Union could not collapse for the reasons that officials cite.

The Soviet Union was deliberately destroyed.

As mentioned earlier, the collapse of the Soviet Union is associated with the signing of the Belovezh Accords.

To better understand what happened on December 8, 1991, we can draw an analogy. Imagine that today the leaders of Yakutia, Komi, and Buryatia — the largest Russian republics by territory — get together and sign an agreement declaring the end of Russia's existence.

According to the logic of those who believe that the Belovezh Accords led to the collapse of the Soviet Union, in this case Russia should have ceased to exist, and Putin should have resigned. But this is absurd.

Putin would have sent a special forces unit to the place where an event was taking place that could threaten the territorial integrity of Russia. The conspirators would have been taken to certain places to clarify the circumstances and would have been imprisoned. This is logical.

But in 1991, in a similar situation, Mikhail Gorbachev demonstrated weakness of character and, together with other government officials, pretended that the Belovezh Accords led to the collapse of the country.
For what purpose?

Some argue that Ukraine, Russia and Belarus were the founders of the USSR and signed the Union Treaty in 1922, which created the Soviet Union.


Some argue that Ukraine, Russia and Belarus were the founders of the USSR and signed the Union Treaty in 1922, which created the Soviet Union

And, supposedly, they can cancel it, which was stated in the Belovezh Accords.

This is not true.

The USSR had a fundamental law - the Constitution, which had priority over all treaties.

And the 1922 treaty itself had long since lost its force and had no legal force.

Thus, Yeltsin, Kravchuk and Shushkevich had no legal grounds for ending the existence of the USSR. Their actions are not only illegal, but also meaningless. They have no meaning.

However, the whole world focuses on this event. This is done in order to hide the true culprits, those who really destroyed the country - Gorbachev and those who stood behind him.

To better understand the situation, we can use an analogy with a plant. Let's say three bosses at the plant announced its closure. The plant management, based on the statement of these bosses, decides to stop work and close the plant.

Who will be to blame for the collapse of the plant? That's right, the management, which should have fired these bosses and continued the work.

So, who was the head of the Soviet Union in 1991?
That's right, it was Mikhail Gorbachev.

It is Mikhail Gorbachev and his team who are responsible for the collapse of the USSR.

The Soviet Union did not cease to exist in 1991, but was effectively destroyed in 1985. By 1991, it no longer existed.
Even if the Belovezh Accords had any significance, it would only have been in the context of the end of Gorbachev's policy.

Think about it, the leader of the state was destroying his country. He and his entourage passed laws that directly led to the death of the state, even before the signing of the Belovezh Accords.

For example, such as:

◾️ Law "On the economic independence of the Lithuanian SSR, Latvian SSR and Estonian SSR"

◾️ Law "On the procedure for resolving issues related to the withdrawal of a union republic from the USSR"

◾️ Law "On the delimitation of powers between the USSR and the subjects of the federation", due to which a parade of sovereignties of not only union, but also autonomous republics arose!

Gorbachev and his entourage passed laws that directly led to the death of the state
The parade of sovereignties is when the union republics began to declare sovereignty and leave the USSR. This event became the culmination of the process of destruction of the state unity of the country.

One example of such rule-making is the Resolution of the State Council of the USSR of September 6, 1991 No. G-1 "On the recognition of the independence of the Republic of Lithuania".

On September 6, 1991, an important event occurred: a law was passed on the withdrawal of one of the republics from the Soviet Union.

This decision marked the beginning of the process of the collapse of the USSR.

Gorbachev, holding the post of General Secretary since 1985, completely renewed the composition of the Politburo of the CPSU Central Committee during his three years in this position.
This was a much larger change than in Stalin's times, when in 1934-1939 the Politburo composition was renewed by about 77%. It is obvious that Gorbachev selected people who supported his policies.

Since 1985, people who turned out to be traitors were actively promoted to the leadership.

According to Vyacheslav Generalov, a former Gorbachev bodyguard and KGB general, Gorbachev's closest associate Yakovlev, known as the ideologist of perestroika, was recruited by the United States, and Gorbachev acted on his instructions.

Generalov V.:

Yakovlev, while studying in the United States of America, was recruited by the CIA along with Kalugin. And after that, the CIA accompanied them all the time in their official activities.

And so this group of people, together with Gorbachev, trampled the country and its people into the mud, causing discontent and revolutionary sentiments. They simply mocked people.

And now, after all this humiliation of the country, the question of preserving the Soviet Union is raised at the Congress of People's Deputies.
This question was asked of people whose lives were artificially worsened for citizens of the USSR, so that they would understand that the existence of the Union must be stopped.
These people were influenced by Western funds and their ideology!

Viktor Aksyuchits (People's Deputy of the RSFSR 1990-1993):

Until August 1991, almost all deputies of the Moscow City Council, all deputies of the Soviet Union and all deputies of the Russian Federation went through American funds, in particular through the Moon funds. They were invited to all sorts of lectures, etc.
What do you think they taught our deputies there? Naturally, a certain worldview. This worldview was transmitted to Russia.
Ideology is a powerful force!

However, even after American specialists had prepared the deputies, to Gorbachev's surprise, at the IV Congress of People's Deputies on December 24, 1990, a decision was made to preserve the Soviet Union. And the Congress of People's Deputies is the highest authority.

And this highest authority expressed its will by declaring the preservation of the Union!

That is, Gorbachev and his entourage led the country to collapse. Then they convened the highest authority to decide whether to preserve this failed state or to start living in a new way - in a bourgeois way, with lifelong servants.

However, the Congress of People's Deputies decided that the Soviet Union must exist.
What else can be decided here?

But no, after this decision Gorbachev proposed to hold a referendum so that now the people could decide whether they needed the Soviet Union.

Anyone who is even slightly interested in the history of the Soviet Union knows about this referendum very well. Then the people voted FOR preserving the USSR.

However, few people know what the true purpose of this referendum was.
You will be surprised when you learn the truth.

Let's first look at the ballot and see what is written there:



"Do you consider it necessary to preserve the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics as a renewed federation of equal sovereign republics, in which the rights and freedoms of a person of any nationality will be fully guaranteed?"

There are many different interpretations here. What does this formulation of the question mean? It would be better to simply ask the question: "Do you agree to preserve the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics" and that's it.

Why the extra stuff?

Why talk about some rights and freedoms, since they were already guaranteed by the law of the USSR?

And the main thing that needs to be paid attention to is the wording: "as a RENEWED federation of equal sovereign republics".

That is, the citizens of the Soviet Union voted for a certain RENEWED Soviet Union.
The question arises: why?

The fact is that the main law of the Soviet Union was the Constitution. Everything else was secondary.

This Constitution stated that the territory of the USSR was united and that sovereignty extended to the entire territory.

And what did Gorbachev do? He destroyed the USSR, violated laws and, in order to absolve himself of responsibility, proposed holding a referendum in which the people voted for a renewed USSR. After that, Gorbachev sighed with relief and said: "I have nothing to do with it, it was all the people."
And the people were deceived.

Gorbachev and his team sought to liquidate the USSR. Although he did everything possible to collapse it, all power was still concentrated in Moscow, and he could simply be removed. And within a month, it would be possible to return all the republics that, thanks to Gorbachev, left the USSR illegally.

That is why it was decided to first create a new union treaty that would liquidate the country.

A new Constitution for the countries of independent states was written in parallel on the basis of this treaty.

Such a treaty was created as a result of the so-called Novo-Ogaryovo process. I recommend that you read this agreement and you will understand everything.



This treaty was anti-state and destroyed the country, turning it into something similar to the current CIS. It was not a union, but a confederation, which essentially granted the republics complete independence.

It is clear that the treaty that destroyed the USSR violated the Constitution of the Soviet Union - Articles 173 and 174.

That is why Gorbachev initiated a referendum, where the question included the phrase "renewed union of sovereign republics".

In reality, the citizens of the USSR, within the framework of Gorbachev's plan, expressed their opinion on the creation of a confederation - the legal legal disintegration of a single state and its transformation into an association of independent countries, although connected to some extent.

Moreover, the very fact that the highest echelon of power in the USSR initiated a referendum on the preservation of the state can be considered a betrayal.

This is similar to Putin initiating a referendum on preserving Russia now.

The liquidation of the USSR, that is, the signing of the corresponding treaty based on the 1991 referendum, was planned for August 20, 1991. However, the signing of this treaty was disrupted as a result of the August putsch.

The next signing of this treaty based on the 1991 referendum on the creation of a confederative Union with the center in Minsk, was to take place on December 9, 1991.
The Union was to include 7 republics, with the exception of Ukraine.

However, Yeltsin, Kravchuk and Shushkevich, perhaps because of their political ambitions or for some other reason, did not wait for this date.

The day before the planned signing of the treaty, the creation of the CIS - the Commonwealth of Independent States was announced in Belarus.

This meant that the Soviet Union no longer existed.

So, friends, now you probably realize what happened to the Soviet Union. It was a truly just state that served the people.

However, those who came to power wanted to become not servants of the people, but oligarchs. To achieve this goal, it was necessary to destroy the socialist essence of the country. And if you remove the foundation, the entire system will collapse.

To implement their plans, the elite of the USSR brought to power people like Gorbachev - greedy and insignificant, who were ready to betray.

And then it was just a matter of time.

A referendum was supposed to legitimize this lawlessness, but it was not needed, since Yeltsin was ahead of everyone.
Gorbachev said that it would do.
And then the whole world recognized the death of the country.


Changes occurred that deceived the Russian people. Then everyone began to understand that they had been deceived.

People wanted a change in the economic system and no one could even think that the USSR would fall!!! It was a shock for us!

Source: https://youtube.com/watch?v=RR1trecglQ8

Quote from an American general from the film "Sky": "Once upon a time, at the General Staff, we were celebrating the victory over the Russians in the "cold war". I approached one general and asked: "Sir, why aren't you drinking?" He replied:
"You can rejoice and have fun as much as you like, but there is one "but".
We didn't defeat the Russians, we deceived them.
And when, finally, they realize that they were deceived, we will regret it...".

[Russian Bear]

The Real Plan to Destroy the USSR (Russia). PART 1. "The Dulles Plan"



Many people abroad consider the collapse of the Soviet Union an inevitable event. They say that the country was simply doomed to it. And then they list the template theses of why it had to happen. And they do not take seriously those who argue that the liquidation of the Soviet Union was a planned operation - they say they are conspiracy theorists.



Now, armed only with facts, I will tell you about a now declassified, real-life document marked "Top Secret", which reveals the strategy, the plan for the destruction of the USSR. Here is one of the pages.


Source: https://rusidea.org/37002

Further, I will quote excerpts from the document, and you, from the position of today, draw conclusions about the extent to which this plan was implemented.

In addition, many Russian military historians and analysts believe that this document, despite its "age" (it was created in 1948), is still relevant. And the rulers of America to this day are guided by the postulates of this directive to weaken Russia's position (I can also say that they apply this directive to the entire world).
This document is also called the "Allen Dulles Plan".


Allen Dulles

Almost every Russian has heard of the so-called "Allen Dulles Plan" or "Dulles Doctrine" - a document that described the actions of the USA against the USSR. It was drawn up during the Cold War and consisted of the hidden moral corruption of the population of the USSR.

"The Dulles Plan" was drawn up immediately after World War II. This text was quoted in his book by Vladimir Karpov, a Hero of the Soviet Union, a member of the CPSU Central Committee, who headed the Union of Soviet Writers before the collapse of the USSR. It was also quoted by journalists, the well-known politician Zhirinovsky, and many other well-known media personalities in Russia, and it was even openly read on television.

As you can understand, the authorship of this plan is attributed to Allen Dulles, who was the head of the US CIA in 1953-1961, and who proposed a certain strategy to defeat the geopolitical enemy - the USSR.

The text of this plan:

Allen Dulles (1893-1969), worked in the US Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) from its creation in 1947. In 1942-1945
he headed political intelligence in Europe. Director of the CIA in 1953-1961. One of the organizers of intelligence and espionage-sabotage activities against the USSR and other socialist countries, the ideologist of the "cold war".

The Russians cannot be defeated by war, so we will apply other tactics to them.

The war will end, everything will somehow settle down, get settled. And we will throw everything we have - all the gold, all the material power to fooling and deceiving people!

The human brain, the consciousness of people are capable of change. Having sowed chaos, we will imperceptibly replace their values ​​with false ones and make them believe in these false values. How? We will find our like-minded people, our allies in Russia itself.

Episode after episode, the grandiose tragedy of the death of the most rebellious people on earth, the final, irreversible extinction of its self-awareness will be played out. For example, we will gradually eradicate the social essence of literature and art, we will wean artists off, we will discourage them from depicting... researching, so to speak, the processes that occur in the depths of the masses. Literature, theaters, cinema - everything will depict and glorify the basest human feelings. We will support and raise up the so-called artists in every possible way, who will plant and hammer into human consciousness the cult of sex, violence, sadism, betrayal - in a word, all kinds of immorality. We will create chaos and confusion in the governance of the state.

We will quietly, but actively and constantly promote the tyranny of officials, bribe-takers, and unscrupulousness. Bureaucracy and red tape will be elevated to virtue. Honesty and integrity will be ridiculed and will no longer be needed, will become a relic of the past. Rudeness and impudence, lies and deceit, drunkenness and drug addiction, animal fear of each other and shamelessness, betrayal, nationalism and hostility of peoples, above all hostility and hatred towards the Russian people - we will skillfully and imperceptibly cultivate all this, all this will blossom in full bloom.

And only a few, very few will guess or even understand what is happening. But we will put such people in a helpless position, turn them into a laughing stock, find a way to slander them and declare them the scum of society. We will tear out spiritual roots, vulgarize and destroy the foundations of national morality. We will thus undermine generation after generation. We will take on people from childhood, from adolescence, we will always place the main stake on youth, we will begin to corrupt, deprave, and deprave them. We will make cynics, vulgarians, cosmopolitans out of them.

This is how we will do it.

Author A. Dulles. "Reflections on the Implementation of the American Postwar Doctrine Against the USSR", 1945

I think few will argue that what has just been described has been observed since the 90s. Note that the text appeared back in the days of the Soviet Union, when nothing like this was noticed.

When was the plan first revealed to the public?
Also, the first mention in books of a similar text is in the novel “At the Black Knights” by the Soviet writer Yuri Dold-Mikhailik in 1964. But this is just a novel and there is no reference to the real Allen Dulles. But it was a novel that did not mention the author of this doctrine.

The next mention of this text, but more similar to the one I described above, also appears in a book. The book is called “Eternal Call” by the Soviet writer Anatoly Ivanov in 1970. And again the author of the doctrine is not mentioned.

The first mention of the "Dulles Plan" is in Boris Oleynik's book "The Unknown Gorbachev. Prince of Darkness", published in the magazine "Young Guard" in 1993. (Boris Oleynik was a member of the Central Committee of the CPSU. By the way, a representative of the authorities).

The KGB of the USSR had at its disposal a summary of Dulles' speech at some closed meeting, the source of this information being an illegal Soviet intelligence officer or defector from one of the US special services, whose name cannot be disclosed. Then, through KGB channels, Soviet journalists and writers were thrown into the environment. And thus, the "Alan Dulles Plan" became public knowledge.


National Security Council Directive 20/1, August 18, 1948

Directive #20/1, which I mentioned at the beginning, adopted by the National Security Council in 1948, speaking about the US goal regarding Russia, which was developed at the request of the US Secretary of Defense James Forrestal.

It is worth noting that some 3 years before the directive was written, in 1945, the Soviet Union was an ally of the USA. The Cold War would officially begin only in 1946 with Churchill's Fulton speech. It was just that before that, this war was secret and covert.

What happened at that time? What happened was that the leadership of the Soviet Union, headed by Stalin, refused to sign the Bretton Woods agreements, the main point of which was to recognize a piece of paper called "dollar" as worth 1 gram of gold (more precisely, $35 per troy ounce). That is, the Americans after World War II said: "Let's give up gold and give its value to our currency - the dollar." And the main obstacle in the world on the path of US hegemony was the Soviet Union. And this was the last reason to start an open war against the USSR and the cold hybrid war began, in which various plans for its liquidation were born.

Directive 20/1 is a real declassified document that can be viewed on the official resource managed by the US State Department.

And here are the main goals of this directive.

• the power and influence of Russia should be limited to harmless for the "world" (that is, the Anglo-Saxons, Masons, Illuminati, globalists, it's all the same) limits;
• Russia should provide broad autonomy to national minorities; (that is, what happened with the Soviet Union - it was torn apart into 15 republics);
• Russia should be economically dependent on the outside world. That is, Russia should be included in the dollar system.

This directive traces the strategy in the field of information warfare. Namely, it states that “the myth that makes millions of people in countries far from the Soviet borders look to Moscow as the outstanding source of hope for humanity’s improvement must be thoroughly exposed, and the traces of this myth’s influence must be completely eliminated.”
The point is that people around the world who sympathize with the USSR need to be told how “really” bad the Soviet Union is – to start engaging in information warfare. This is 1948.

The directive also states that the United States needs to restore the independence of the Baltic republics. Part of the US’s tasks is to restore for these states, at least some semblance of, their recent state of freedom and independence. “We must, by all means at our disposal, encourage the development in the Soviet Union of federalist institutions that would allow the national life of the Baltic peoples to be revived.”

And now a trick question: which were the first 3 republics to declare their sovereignty from the USSR? That's right. Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania. What an interesting coincidence, isn't it?


The first 3 republics that declared their sovereignty from the USSR were Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania

And, by the way, look at what an interesting policy the US has: at meetings, on paper, they agree with the borders of the USSR, but behind the scenes in their strategies, they set the goal of breaking up the country. And they themselves declassified this.

In this directive, the US designated the USSR as an enemy and, naturally, now the Americans must build relations between countries based on this: “We must face the fact that the Soviet government in its current form is and will remain a constant threat to our people and the world.” Yes, naturally, even in their documents the US will not tell the truth, everything is veiled. They talk about a threat to the “world”, and not to a handful of oligarchs (Msamonov, Iluminati, Globalists), who suck money out of this world and use it to start world wars.

The authors of this text then explain to the US establishment that "the US is fully within its rights and should not feel guilty about working to destroy concepts that are incompatible with peace and stability throughout the world and replace them with concepts of tolerance and international cooperation."

The Americans call their interests throughout the world "stability" and they should in no way feel guilty about infringing on someone else's interests. In this case, the Soviet Union. They even point out that they should not care what this policy may lead to. For example, they carried out a coup d'etat, and then civil wars began. But it does not matter: "It is not our business to calculate what internal development the adoption of such concepts may lead to in another country, and we are also not obliged to feel any responsibility for this development."

An interesting point: this directive lists possible strategies for weakening the USSR. And it is clear that the USSR can respond to this. And as a result, this will lead to war. Therefore, the authors of the document tell American officials: "The fact that we are resorting to a policy that can lead to such an outcome (war) does not mean at all that we are choosing a course for war."

Do you understand? This document was also aimed at psychologically processing the ruling circles of the United States itself, which in their places did not really understand why they, after having earned money from two world wars, in economic terms became the largest power in the world, should continue to pursue their predatory policy. That is why they sent down Directive 20/1, which says that now the Soviet Union is the main evil, preventing the entire [American] world from living in harmony and prosperity.

Further in the text, the authors make a very interesting conclusion that as a result of World War II, the USSR was moving towards rapprochement with the West. Naturally, leaving out of the equation, that this rapprochement insanely quickly enriched the USA and therefore the conflicts of the USSR with other countries are good.

Although further in the text it is directly stated that "our task is to find the means to solve our problems without resorting to war ourselves." And by other people's forces - it is possible and even necessary. For example, by the hands of the Afghan mujahideen.

This directive also considers the option of war. The document is generally full of pacifism (if anything, this is sarcasm).
Here is what is indicated in the event of a US victory: "Our next problem is again the problem of the policy by which the Russians will be guided after the war. How can we ensure that Russian policy will most likely correspond to our wishes? This is the fundamental question of our military objectives with respect to Russia, and no attention can be paid to it excessively."

And here it is worth noting that for the US this is a really very important question: what to do with the USSR after its defeat? And among other things, to answer this question, in the West as a whole 1200 institutes were created studying the Soviet Union. These institutes studied the USSR the way a hunter studies an elephant to kill it with one shot.

And now look at the demands of the USA towards the USSR in case of the former's victory, but on condition that the Soviet power was preserved. That is, if they won, but the Soviet power remained.
This is still somewhat modest. In 1991, these demands were greatly exaggerated. And pay attention to the third point - everything had long been planned.

(a) Direct military concessions (surrender of weapons, evacuation of key areas, etc.) that would guarantee military helplessness for a long period of time;

(b) Compliance with conditions that would ensure significant economic dependence on the outside world;

(c) Compliance with conditions that would guarantee the necessary freedom or federal status for national minorities (we should at least insist on the complete liberation of the Baltic States and on granting federal status to Ukraine, which would ensure a large degree of autonomy for local Ukrainian authorities);

(d) Compliance with conditions that would guarantee the removal of the Iron Curtain, ensuring the free flow of ideas from outside and the establishment of broad personal contacts between people in the zone of Soviet power and outside it.

Very, very interesting things will be written about this country later.

From the US National Security Council Directive 20/1 of August 18, 1948. Reflections on the separation of Ukraine from the USSR:

"...there are a number of significant nuances that cannot be overlooked. While the Ukrainians were an important and essential element of the Russian Empire, they showed no signs of a "nation" capable of successfully and responsibly bearing the burden of independence in the face of the strongest Russian opposition. Ukraine is not a clearly defined ethnic or geographic concept. In general, the population of Ukraine was originally formed mainly from refugees from Russian and Polish despotism and is difficult to distinguish in the shadow of Russian or Polish nationality. There is no clear dividing line between Russia and Ukraine, and it is difficult to establish one. The cities on Ukrainian territory were mainly Russian and Jewish. The real basis of "Ukrainianism" are the "differences" of the specific peasant dialect and the slight differences in customs and folklore between the regions of the country. The political agitation that is being observed is largely the work of a few romantic intellectuals who have little idea of ​​the responsibility of government.

The economy of the Ukraine is inextricably intertwined with that of Russia. There has never been any economic division since the territory was wrested from the nomadic Tatars and settled by a sedentary population. An attempt to tear it away from the Russian economy and form something separate would be as artificial and destructive as an attempt to separate the Grain Belt, including the Great Lakes, from the economy of the United States.

Moreover, the people who speak the Ukrainian dialect, like the people who speak the Byelorussian dialect, are divided along the line that has always been the true mark of nationality in Eastern Europe: religion. If any real border can be drawn in Ukraine, then the logical border would be between the regions that traditionally gravitate toward the Eastern Church and the regions that gravitate toward the Roman Church.”

Here is the strategy towards the non-Soviet government of Russia that was actually needed.

(a) Will not have great military power;

(b) Will be economically heavily dependent on the outside world;

(c) Will not have too much power over national minorities;

(d) Will not establish anything resembling an iron curtain in relation to contacts with the outside world.

This is how cold-bloodedly this document was sent down to the US ministers so that they could be guided by it when building a policy towards the USSR. This is a kind of foundation that served as the basis for the plans of the US establishment against our people.

And, apparently already relying on it, various military plans for the physical destruction of the USSR immediately poured out. Let's list them - what the Anglo-Saxons wanted and want for us.


Plan for a nuclear strike on the USSR

But perhaps it is worth starting with a slightly earlier one, with the “Totality” plan, which was developed by order of US President Harry Truman in 1945, when we were still allies. And so, our allies in 1945 developed a plan according to which it was planned to drop 30 nuclear bombs on 20 largest cities of the USSR. Naturally, democratic bombs - Japan will not let you lie.

But at that time, the US did not have so many warheads, and the USSR had an air defense system. Therefore, at that time, the plan was unfeasible. Well, and later, the Soviet Union also acquired nuclear weapons.

In the same 1945, even before the end of World War II, another of our ally - Great Britain, on the instructions of Prime Minister Winston Churchill, planned Operation Unthinkable. In essence, this is an offensive plan in World War III.


Operation Unthinkable

31) 💣🤬(History) How the US and Britain Prepared to Attack the USSR: Operation Unthinkable
https://projectavalon.net/forum4/sho...=1#post1665172

In addition, the US had many military plans to use nuclear weapons against the USSR.

Such as:
- "Pincher" (March-June 1946),
- "Broiler" (1947),
- "Bushwacker" (1948),
- "Crankshaft" (1948),
- "Halfmoon" (1948),
- "Fleetwood" (1948),
- "Cogville" (1948),
- "Offtack" (1948),
- "Charioteer" 1948),
- "Dropshot" - there they already wanted to reward us with 300 nuclear bombs (1949),
- and "Trojan" (1949)

But all plans were ruined in the same 1949. On August 29, the first nuclear bomb RDS-1 was successfully tested at the Semipalatinsk test site in the USSR,


The first nuclear bomb RDS-1

which meant that the war could reach the US establishment. And if so, then the war with the USSR was cancelled. A hot war.

That is why other hybrid methods came to the fore in the confrontation with the USSR, which I will discuss in detail in the next article...

[Russian Bear]

When the USSR successfully tested the first nuclear bomb RDS-1, it became clear that the war could reach the US establishment. And if this is so, then a hot war with the USSR is canceled.

And therefore other hybrid methods came to the fore in the confrontation with the USSR, which were crowned with success in 1991.
And here I would like to cite an excerpt from a speech by former US President George Bush Sr. in 1992, who pointed out that the collapse of the Soviet Union was not a foregone conclusion and that this was a success of joint actions by both the Democratic Party and the Republicans.


Speech by former US President George H.W. Bush in 1992

George H. W. Bush:
Make no mistake! Be assured that the fall of Communism was not a foregone conclusion. It took strong leadership from Presidents of both parties, including Republicans like Richard Nixon, Gerald Ford, and Ronald Reagan. Without their vision and the support of the American people, the Soviet Union would be a powerful superpower today, and we would be facing a nuclear threat.

That same year, US President George Bush Sr. declared that America had won the Cold War.


On January 28, 1992, George Bush Sr. declared that America had won the Cold War.

And while we are being told that the USSR collapsed on its own and was simply doomed to do so, the Americans have started handing out commemorative certificates,


Commemorative Certificate in recognition of services during the Cold War

which stated "In recognition of your services during the Cold War" (and even the date of the Cold War was indicated, September 2, 1945 - December 26, 1991).

While here in Russia they tell us that the USSR economy simply couldn't cope, in the US they are handing out medals for victory in the Cold War.


Cold War Victory Medals

And to the thesis that the USSR economy was ineffective, just a fact: the Soviet Union was the second economy in the world, which produced all types of products of basic industries. Which meant that this state was at least in the penultimate place on the list of the most ineffective economies. It is very important to understand this!

How could a country with an ineffective economy defeat Hitler's Germany and its satellites?
How could it be the first in Europe to refuse food stamps after the war?
Send a man into space?
Give the people free education, medicine, etc.?

Some people say that the Soviet Union had a raw materials economy and when the price of oil fell, then the Soviet Union collapsed. I want to ask these figures: what was the price of oil in the 30s, 40s, 50s, when there was a record economic growth of 20% per year? Then oil also cost pennies. Thus, it turns out that the price of oil did not play a significant role in the liquidation of the country.

As for the thesis about the failure of communism, well, they say, no one needed communism and therefore the country was doomed.
Firstly, what does communism and the state as a whole have to do with it? After all, it was possible to carry out reforms within the borders of 1945.
Secondly, we have a wonderful example that destroys the myth about the failure of communism - this is China. This country has been governed by the Communist Party since 1949 and, as we can see, quite successfully, if we speak in general. Also, until 1985, before Gorbachev's team came to power, the USSR could not even think about the collapse of the country. The country developed more actively than, for example, many countries around the world, including today. But for some reason these countries did not fall apart and are not falling apart.


Before Gorbachev's team came to power, in the USSR, the country developed more actively than, for example, many countries around the world

In addition, as for various deficits in the USSR, according to statements by many politicians of that time, the deficit of goods in the USSR was created artificially. But even so, statistics on food consumption showed that the Soviet people ate quite well, compared to other countries in the world. Yes, of course, there were problems in the Soviet Union, but these problems could not lead to the liquidation of the country.

And based on all this, one conclusion suggests itself: the Soviet Union was liquidated deliberately. And one of the main roles in this was played by the United States of America - they planned it and implemented it.

Of course, defeat in the Cold War cannot be fully compared with defeat in the hot one. But the consequences of losing in the Cold War are not at all rosier.

The first fact that the USSR lost in the Cold War is the liquidation of the Soviet Union itself, at the end of the confrontation with the United States. As is customary after a hot war, after the Cold War, the losing country was divided into 15 parts and occupied.


After the Cold War, the USSR was divided into 15 parts

And from the point of view of the Soviet Union, the presence of NATO troops in the Baltic countries and Georgia is a direct occupation of the country.

The second fact of defeat is the power of the dollar after the end of the Cold War.

I repeat, the war of the USA and England against the USSR was always secret, but the last drop of indignation of the globalists (Anglo-Saxons - Masons and Illuminati) to wage an open war against the USSR was because Stalin refused to recognize the dollar as the ruler of the world and conducted his sovereign financial policy, when the ruble was tied to the assets of the country, and not to the US dollar, as it became after 1991.

So it turns out another reason for the Cold War - this is the refusal of the USSR to give up its financial sovereignty to the USA and England, to enter the economic Anglo-Saxon model. And what is the situation after the end of the Cold War? Russia, instead of investing money in the development of the country, from the sale of oil, gas and other minerals, simply began to buy up dollars. As a result, the USA recently simply took and froze 300 billion of these same dollars.

The third and most important fact that the USSR lost the Cold War is the Constitution of Russia of 1993.


The Russian Constitution of 1993 is a document officially certifying the USSR's defeat in the Cold War - the act of capitulation

This can be said to be a document officially certifying the USSR's defeat in the Cold War - the act of capitulation. There is a detailed analysis of the Constitution of the Russian Federation by Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor Vardan Baghdasaryan, which is called "The Constitution of the Russian Federation as a Constitution of a Defeated State." This work contains a lot of facts confirming that the Constitution was written to the detriment of Russia and adopted as a result of defeat in the war. It is also a well-known fact that the Constitution of Russia was written under the dictation of Western advisers. No one hides this and it is openly stated on the official website of the American agency USAID.

Whose political system collapsed? The Soviet one.
Which economic system collapsed? The socialist one. And the capitalist one triumphed.
Which state changed the country's system of governance by introducing Western positions, starting with the president, prime minister, mayor, etc.? All this is now in Russia and other CIS countries.



In the USSR there were simple classic suits. After 1991, for some reason, it became necessary to dress up as in English law.
And, by the way, the branching of powers is also a Western invention. In Russia, it was introduced to make it easier to govern, since it was integrated as a periphery into the unipolar American world.

What are the consequences of losing the Cold War? These consequences are as catastrophic as after a hot war.

➡️ Economic losses are 2 times greater than the damage inflicted on the national economy of the USSR in the Great Patriotic War.
➡️ The country's industry and agriculture were practically destroyed, everything more or less valuable was exported abroad: property of enterprises, natural resources, raw materials and products.
➡️ Population losses in the 90s are comparable to losses in the Great Patriotic War.
➡️ We lost huge territories, many of which were originally Russian.
➡️ We suffered enormous damage to our defense capabilities.
➡️ Armed conflicts began throughout our territory.
➡️ And most importantly, Russia, as a losing country, lost its sovereignty, it became externally controlled and began to pay tribute to the victorious country - the United States. And not only money, but also resources, scientists, children.
*Tribute is a natural or monetary levy from conquered tribes and peoples.
And how can you not call the uranium deal of 1992 a tribute, when uranium, which had been created for decades, was given to the Americans for next to nothing?

After that, after the defeat in 1991, after some time, Russia began to recover and defend its national interests. But any defense of our national interests is contrary to the interests of the United States, because through the dollar system they essentially collect tribute all over the world. Strong states, naturally, will not remain in slavery. And thus for the US, strong states are a threat to their national security.

Thus, in 2017, the US presented a new National Security Strategy. Among the main threats to America, the document named our country, which "... seeks to challenge American influence, values, and wealth."

The US National Security Strategy is one of the most important documents in the sphere of foreign and defense policy in terms of national security.

And in this important document, which defines the strategy of the entire state machine, Russia was indicated as “one of the main threats”. In essence, an enemy. Once again, a quote: “seeks to challenge American influence, values, and wealth”.

Thus, without stepping with a soldier’s Russian boot on the American continent, Russia became one of the main enemies of the USA, along with another enemy - the Chinese, who prevent Americans from living.

I think we will find out soon what will come out of this confrontation. Naturally, I am optimistic, which I wish for you.

[Russian Bear]

How Yeltsin Fought Privilege and Destroyed the Country

WHAT WAS YELTSIN LIKE



Boris Nikolayevich Yeltsin is a man who is the father of the state called "Russian Federation";
he is called the father of Russian democracy;
this is a man who, according to the official version, ceased to exist the Soviet Union with all its attendant attributes;
a man who influenced the life of every resident of our country;
and this is a man who gave power to Putin.

I am sure that each of you has some idea about this man. Some are quite familiar with his activities, motivation and the results of his rule, some - superficially. And now, no matter how well you know Yeltsin, you will be very surprised by what I will tell you about him.

Well, before that, a little informational background.

Yeltsin was born in 1931 in the Urals in the Sverdlovsk region.
In 1955, after graduating from the Ural Polytechnic Institute with a degree in construction, Yeltsin went to work for a construction trust, starting his career as a simple worker.
Ten years later, having worked as a foreman, site manager and site manager, in 1966 he became the director of the Sverdlovsk house-building plant.
After which, two years later, he went into power for party work, where he headed the construction department of the Sverdlovsk region.

*Speaking about Soviet power, it is important to understand that this very power was concentrated in the Communist Party. The Constitution of the USSR stated that the CPSU - the Communist Party of the Soviet Union - was the core of the political system, the guiding and directing force. That is, the Communist Party was the power of the authorities in the USSR.

Now we formally have 3 branches of power: legislative, executive and judicial. And they, according to the Constitution, are independent from anyone. And in the Soviet Union, all bodies were subordinate to the party. And it is logical that the Chairman of the party, the General Secretary was considered the head of state with almost royal powers. So, if you, for example, became the First Secretary in some region, i.e. the head of the regional branch of the party, the regional committee, then you also became the head of this region, so to speak, the governor.

And so, Yeltsin came to power and his career there, as in production, is going uphill.
In 1976, he was elected First Secretary of the Sverdlovsk Regional Committee of the CPSU (i.e. the actual head of the Sverdlovsk region).
For almost 10 years, Yeltsin was the head of this territory - a very important industrial region, essentially a small state, of which he was, so to speak, the president. And it turns out that before his transfer to Moscow, Yeltsin had a huge track record: both in the field of production and in the field of management. Plus, objectively speaking, at that time Yeltsin was an excellent manager with good experience, a man who achieved everything himself.

Looking at this, in 1985 Yeltsin was transferred to Moscow to work as the Secretary of the Central Committee of the CPSU for construction issues. In general, the main one for construction in the USSR. Later in the same 1985, Yeltsin essentially became the mayor of Moscow, and in 1986 he was elected as a candidate member of the Politburo of the Central Committee of the CPSU. So that you understand, in the hierarchy of Soviet power, a candidate for the Politburo of the CPSU was second only to a member of the Politburo and the General Secretary himself. The Politburo is the body that governed the entire party, which, as you remember, governed the entire country.

In general, until 1986, Yeltsin's career was on the rise. But, as is known, at the same time, Gorbachev and his supporters, with the support of the West, began the so-called perestroika (essentially the destruction of the state), as a result of which the people had the opportunity to pour slop on their own country and its state structure.
Which is what Yeltsin did. He took up populism and went into opposition. But he was not against perestroika. On the contrary, he criticized Gorbachev for dragging out these reforms.

What is Yeltsin like by the end of the 80s? He is an excellent speaker with vast experience as a manager, who boldly criticizes the country's leadership. And he criticizes, it seems, for good reason.

Yeltsin:
The Union program of the Government is not suitable for us! We categorically reject it. And the Supreme Soviet of Russia will not accept it. Because the beginning of this program is an increase in prices. This is not a way out of the situation. And the people cannot accept such a program.

It is funny, of course, to hear today that Yeltsin was against adopting programs that would raise prices. The fact is that in 1992, when Boris Nikolayevich became the President of all Rus', prices would rise 50 times. But that would be later. And for now...

Gorbachev is killing the country with his perestroika, life in the Soviet Union is getting worse and worse, shortages, queues. And then Yeltsin appears - an experienced leader who actively begins to beat up the big guys. And how!

Yeltsin:
There is a growth in personal influence and personal power in the hands of the head of state. And we may again find ourselves, without even noticing it, in captivity of a new authoritarian regime, a new dictatorship.



In 1987, Yeltsin, as an experienced politician, sensed which way the wind was blowing and began to go against Gorbachev and the Politburo. But later, realizing that he was a little ahead of his time, he repented and admitted his mistake. That is, he was not a straight-up unwavering oppositionist.

After - Yeltsin left the party, was in disgrace for a while, then became a deputy of the RSFSR, i.e. Russia; then he headed the Russian deputies, adopted the Declaration of State Sovereignty of the RSFSR, i.e. the Russian Federation from the USSR; then he became the President of Russia; in 1991 he spoke out against the State Emergency Committee - a group of people who wanted to return the country to the legal track and stop the collapse; he defeated them, became a hero, a favorite of the people. On December 8, 1991, Yeltsin and the heads of Belarus and Ukraine will sign an agreement on the creation of the CIS, which will serve as the basis for the termination of the USSR.
After the liquidation of the USSR, in 1993, due to disagreements with the Russian deputies, on Yeltsin's orders, the White House, where these deputies were sitting, will be shot at with tanks.
That same year, the Constitution of the Russian Federation will be adopted.
In 1996, the already ill Yeltsin, having suffered 6 heart attacks, will win the elections for the President of Russia and will remain in this post until the end of 1999. On December 31, 1999, Yeltsin will announce his resignation in an address to the people.

Yeltsin died in 2007 at the age of 76 from cardiac arrest.

HOW YELTSIN FIGHTED PRIVILEGES

Well, now let's talk in more detail about the most interesting moments of Boris Yeltsin's path.

For the sake of objectivity, we must give him his due and admit that Yeltsin in the late 80s - early 90s, unlike today's liberals, was really incredibly charismatic, smart, had outstanding oratorical skills, and he was also the governor of the Sverdlovsk region for almost 10 years, i.e. he had a huge managerial experience, hardened by party discipline. In addition, he was relatively young then (he was the same age as Gorbachev).

And, frankly speaking, it is very difficult to blame the people who followed him at that time. He inspired confidence in what he said: a tall, brave, cheerful, intelligent Russian man with a trained voice. That is, all his leadership qualities were maximally developed. Without irony: Yeltsin really was like a tank - brave and impudent, the path of which very few could have mastered. It would seem that such a person should have made the country a prosperous state, but in the end history went the other way and today the majority of people rightly consider Yeltsin an enemy of Russia. It would be more correct to say that he is enemy No. 2 after Gorbachev.

What went wrong? And what qualities did Yeltsin have in addition to the above, thanks to which our country almost ceased to exist during the presidency of Boris Nikolayevich?

Today, until recently, Navalny, who is compared to Yeltsin, was considered the conditional leader of the opposition in Russia. And objectively speaking, yes, Navalny is, so to speak, Yeltsin on a minimum, a smaller copy of him. In general, there is something to compare with. There is even an external resemblance.


External similarities between Navalny and Yeltsin

In addition, at one time Yeltsin also gained enormous popularity thanks to his slogans directed against the privileges of the party nomenklatura and corruption.

Yeltsin:
We personally do not need anything, including me. I do not have any benefits, any privileges and categorically refuse this. And I call on everyone else who still enjoys them to refuse. Live the way any person lives.

Yeltsin:
The need to have 4 dachas and build them in 4 years of perestroika - that is where the moral principle is. A person who runs a state, he must be morally pure and his excesses, luxuries (and not with his own money, not earned, but built with the people's money) - this is immoral.

Then his words will begin to contradict each other: all these trips on buses and beautiful slogans are just populism.


Having boarded the bus, traveled one stop, taken some photos, Yeltsin got out and got into his premium car with a personal driver.

As for privileges, Yeltsin, having become President, in this regard surpassed all the General Secretaries combined: he built himself dachas - each several hectares, made himself and his entourage rich.
But it is important to understand that Yeltsin himself did not really like to manage his finances, as well as the country. He only needed to brag and realize his political ambitions. In this regard, he really considered himself a tsar. And all financial problems were solved by his closest circle and his family.

He simply delegated the theft of budget money to his family. In particular, to his youngest daughter Tatyana Yumasheva, who since 1996 has been the de facto President of Russia. Compared to her, the most outstanding corrupt official of our time would look like a petty thief. Her closest circle included all the most influential oligarchs: Abramovich, Berezovsky, Chubais (he was her very good friend). Tatyana signed everything that the oligarchs needed, helped them. In return, of course, she received a share.

Now, for example, Tatyana Borisovna, together with her husband, who headed the Presidential Administration, owns 50% of the shares of a large construction company, OJSC CITY. She is a 50% owner of the Imperia Tower skyscraper in Moscow City. She has a house in the Caribbean for 15 million euros. Her husband Valentin Yumashev also owns 30% of the Afisha portal.

In September 2020, journalists reported that Yumashev was mentioned in documents from the US Treasury Department's Financial Crimes Enforcement Unit. According to published data, in 2006-2008, Yumashev received $6 million from the company of Russian businessman Alisher Usmanov. The media also indicate that Valentin Yumashev owns 7.5% of the Rusal company.

And note that the so-called anti-corruption fighters are silent about these facts! As well as the Mabetex case - one of the most high-profile corruption scandals in modern Russia. This is when the Swiss company Mabetex gave a bribe of 60 million dollars to the Yeltsin family in order to get a contract for the reconstruction of the Moscow Kremlin. The reconstruction, the cost of which was inflated by 60%! This case was investigated by the former prosecutor of Russia Yuri Skuratov, who revealed the obvious fact that the President of Russia and his family are the main corrupt officials in the country.

Naturally, such an impudent Prosecutor General, who decided to go against the President himself and his family, was removed from office. The public was shown footage of Skuratov allegedly in the company of prostitutes. The quality of the filming, of course, is poor, the image there is fuzzy, but still it served as a weighty argument for removing the rebellious prosecutor from office.

Skuratov:
As soon as I tried to start fighting corruption at the highest level - at the level of the presidential family, at the level of the presidential property manager, to start an investigation into Mabetex, to conduct an objective investigation into Berezovsky, into the Central Bank, it is clear how it all ended.

By the way, after the start of the well-known events in the neighboring country, in February 2022, Yeltsin's daughter, as befits all pro-Western liberals, published the hashtag "no war".

I will just remind you that once her father, due to his negligence and disregard for the country, instead of quickly resolving the Chechen issue, sent armed, trained terrorists, 18-year-old boys against them. And then he managed to lose this war and even went for capitulation, which was formalized in the Khasavyurt agreement.

Yeltsin's daughter also supports the protests today. But when there were protests in Russia in 1993, her father shot at the opposition, which at the same time was also the legitimate government (!), with tanks.


In 1993, Yeltsin used tanks to shoot at the opposition, which at the same time was also the legitimate government (!)

About 300 people died then. Think about it! After all, if today in Russia someone were to be hit during street protests, the whole world, together with Yeltsin's daughter, would be shouting about totalitarianism. And Yeltsin himself simply went and killed 300 people with tanks. And the West said that this was normal.

But let's get back to Yeltsin. By the way, his subordinates called him Elbon behind his back. Sometimes Babai.

So, all the reforms of the 90s, all the privatization that transferred 90% of the wealth to 1% of the Russian population, were approved personally by Yeltsin. He signed it all with his own hand. He appointed Gaidar, Chubais, Chernomyrdin, who gave highly enriched uranium from Soviet missiles to the US, naturally for pennies. Uranium that the Soviet people had been creating for decades. And all of this went to the Americans. Some call this deal "the scam of the millennium," while others simply call it "payment of indemnity." And Yeltsin is personally responsible for all of this: for the course Russia took; for all the grief brought to the people; for all the plundering of the country.

In 1990-1991, when Yeltsin was running around Moscow shouting about the privileges of the party nomenklatura, the 10% of the richest citizens accounted for less than 25% of the national income. Yeltsin, of course, corrected this. And by 1996, the national income of the richest people had grown to 45%, while the share of income of the "poor" half of the population had fallen from 30% to 10%.

According to the Global Wealth Report, the 1% of the richest Russians account for 71% of all personal assets in Russia. In the world, this figure is 46%, in Africa - 44%, in the USA - 37%, in China and Europe - 32%, in Japan - 17%.
According to other data, indicated in the report "From the Soviets to the Oligarchs, Inequality and Poverty in Russia", Russian billionaires (and there are only 96 of them!) own 30% of all personal assets of Russian citizens. On average, billionaires around the world look more modest - they have only 2% of all personal assets. In general, in Russia this figure is 15 times higher than the world average.

Well, that's how Yeltsin fought against privileges.

HOW YELTSIN DESTROYED THE COUNTRY

This begs the question: why did Yeltsin do it? Why did he essentially destroy the country? It was his native country!

There are several reasons for this. Firstly, Yeltsin was gullible. He really thought that all he had to do was remove the communists from the country, and the entire civilized world would immediately love Russia and start helping it, as they had promised in the West. That is why Yeltsin went to the West and, like no one else in history, bent Russia under the Anglo-Saxons.


Yeltsin in the US Congress, 1992

Yeltsin (in the US Congress, 1992):
The world can breathe a sigh of relief: the communist idol, which sowed social discord, hostility and unprecedented cruelty throughout the world, which brought fear to the human community, has collapsed! Has collapsed forever. I am here to assure you: we will not allow it to rise again on our soil.

Today, America's freedom is being defended in Russia. ..
I declare with all responsibility: without waiting for a treaty or agreement to be signed, we have already begun, and the Russian Minister of Defense, who is present here, will confirm, to remove from combat duty the heavy SS-18 missiles aimed at the United States of America.

The archives of the KGB and the former Central Committee of the CPSU are being opened. Moreover, we invite the United States and other states to cooperate in investigating these dark pages of the former empire.

A legislative document has been issued, according to which foreign citizens who privatize a particular object or structure in our country also receive ownership of the land on which it is located.

God! Bless America!

By the way, you can find other very interesting statements by Yeltsin on the Internet, which characterize him as a hypocrite and opportunist, a person who doesn't care about any ideas. The most important thing for him is his personal position. If that means praising the Americans - for God's sake! Should the communists be praised? Please!

Yeltsin:
Comrades, the past five years have become a new major milestone in the heroic annals of the Soviet Union. As the latest party congress demonstrates, today is the mighty productive force that our society has at its disposal. This is the benefit that developed socialism really gives to Soviet people. This is the peace and quiet that preserves them. And all this is the result of the brilliant collective mind, titanic labor, unbending will and unsurpassed organizational talent of the Communist Party, its combat headquarters of the Central Committee and the Politburo headed by Comrade Leonid Ilyich Brezhnev.

In general, Yeltsin was a short-sighted opportunist who believed that if he gave the country over to the West to be torn apart, the West would somehow love it and develop it.
Yes, the so-called civilized world has come to love Russia. But he loved it exclusively as a raw materials colony, a cash cow. Which became such thanks to Yeltsin. For which this President is also not deprived of the love of the West.

Here are the words attributed to US President Bill Clinton at a closed meeting of the Joint Chiefs of Staff on October 25, 1995:
"The last ten years of policy towards the USSR and its allies have convincingly proven the correctness of the course we have taken to eliminate one of the strongest powers in the world, as well as the strongest military bloc. Using the blunders of Soviet diplomacy, the extreme arrogance of Gorbachev and his entourage, including those who openly took a pro-American position, we achieved what President Truman was going to do with the Soviet Union by means of an atomic bomb. True, with one significant difference - we received a raw materials appendage, a state not destroyed by the atom, which would not have been easy to create.
Yes, we spent many billions of dollars on this, but they are already close to what the Russians call "self-sufficiency". In four years, we and our allies received various strategic raw materials worth 15 billion dollars, hundreds of tons of gold, precious stones, etc. For non-existent projects, we were given over 20 thousand tons of copper, almost 50 thousand tons of aluminum, 2 thousand tons of cesium, beryllium, strontium, etc. for negligible amounts.
During the years of the so-called perestroika in the USSR, many of our military and businessmen did not believe in the success of the upcoming operation. And in vain. Having shaken the ideological foundations of the USSR, we managed to bloodlessly remove from the war for world domination a state that was America's main competitor."

I think that Yeltsin did not want this, but because of his political ambitions, frivolity, carelessness, and partly stupidity, he simply threw the state into this humiliating position.

In addition, when dividing the Soviet Union, Yeltsin had all the aces in his hands: it was possible to preserve territories, such as Crimea; to agree on the rights of Russians in the CIS countries, and on compensation. But Yeltsin didn't care. That's why he is an enemy of our country.

His supporters divert attention to the fact that the only alternative to Yeltsin was the Soviet model of the late 80s. No, that's a lie. You can look at China, at other countries of the socialist bloc, which rebuilt their economies normally. The difference with Russia is that it was led by a careless, selfish person, who had only personal interests as a priority.

Yeltsin was an insanely power-hungry man. They remember one incident when he, so to speak, defeated Gorbachev, he entered the Kremlin, looked at the beauty of its palaces, and said that for this it was worth sacrificing the country for the sake of defeating Gorbachev. Which, in fact, was done. That is, for Yeltsin, the country's position was secondary. The main goal was to seize and retain power. And we must give him credit - he achieved this goal, because he had insanely outstanding leadership qualities. But in parallel with these qualities, there were also those that, among other things, destroyed the USSR and almost destroyed the Russian Federation.

Source: https://youtube.com/watch?v=OfH7YKeuEIs

[Russian Bear]

Vodka, corruption, and Yeltsin, the superhero

YELTSIN AND VODKA
Now let me tell you more about Yeltsin's qualities, which, among other things, destroyed the USSR and almost destroyed the Russian Federation.

Yeltsin's most famous sin is, of course, vodka.



According to Yeltsin's bodyguard, Korzhakov, Boris Nikolaevich mostly worked only until 11 a.m., and then he started drinking. In the Kremlin, it was called a "dinner." Yeltsin drank up to 3 liters of vodka per day, which is 6 bottles of 0.5 vodka per 1 day, per 1 person.

Today, you can watch a lot of videos on the Internet about the President of a great country, who not only destroyed it, but also actively exposed it in a stupid way around the world with his behavior. For example, among other things, there was a case when, drunk in Germany, he took the baton from the conductor and started waving it in front of the orchestra.



Well, probably the most famous and scandalous case is when Yeltsin had an official visit to Ireland. When he arrived there, but did not get off the plane. Just think about it: the country's leadership met him, stood near the plane, but the Russian President simply did not come out. Later, Yeltsin, when he arrived in Russia, made excuses that he had overslept.



And there were a lot of such stupid antics, which are just unpleasant to talk about...

YELTSIN AS THE STORYTELLER

But drunkenness and gullibility are well-known disadvantages of Yeltsin.
Probably each of you has come across such a person in your life who, to put it mildly, likes to lie, constantly distorts something, exaggerates the events that happened to him. In general, a person is a liar.

YELTSIN IS THE FATHER OF RUSSIAN CORRUPTION

That's what Yeltsin is all about: it was important for him to show what an amazing person he was. He was concerned about his status. Exactly his own.

I don't care about people or the country, as long as they admire him. By the way, it was clear to many in Moscow and they openly stated this from the high stands back in the late 80s.

Yeltsin's goal was not to improve the country, but to realize his ambitions. And he didn't like doing government business or routine work. An illustrative example of negligence and indifference to the country is when 680 billion rubles were stolen from 800 billion rubles allocated for the restoration of Chechnya, Yeltsin simply shrugged his shoulders and said: "Where the rest of the money went - the devil knows!".

This is an indicative feature of Yeltsin: he allowed the country to be plundered. For this, the so-called elite loved him to madness, flattered him, and Yeltsin was susceptible to flattery. Russian Russians call him the "father of Russian democracy," and it is correct to call him the "father of Russian corruption."

Possible disintegration of the country in connection with the Khasavyurt agreements and poverty

THE DISMEMBERMENT OF THE COUNTRY UNDER YELTSIN

So, Yeltsin was only concerned about his status. Exactly his own. And naturally, when you think only about yourself, when it's only important what happens to your immediate environment, then the interests of the country fade into the background. And this leads to disaster. The country survived after Yeltsin by a miracle.


Regions that wanted to secede from Russia in the 90s

In fact, Russia at the end of Yeltsin's rule, like the USSR at the end of Gorbachev's rule, practically did not exist.

- At this time Chechnya was actually and legally a separate state. In 1996, Yeltsin lost the war to terrorists and separatists, and signed the Khasavyurt Agreements. It was a real surrender.

44.2 💥💥⚔️About the Chechen war: https://projectavalon.net/forum4/sho...=1#post1672127

- Also Tatarstan declared its independence. On May 22, the Resolution of the Supreme Council on the status of Tatarstan as a sovereign state was adopted. And on November 30, 1992, a new Constitution of the Republic of Tatarstan was introduced, declaring it a sovereign, i.e. an independent state.

-In 1992-1993, Tuvan nationalists, calling for Tuva's independence and secession from Russia, provoked clashes with the Russian population. As a result, according to media reports, more than 20,000 Russians left Tuva.

- Karelia tried to hold a referendum on secession from Russia.

- In the Kaliningrad region, political forces have raised the issue of independence .

-In 1993, during a meeting of the participants of the Siberian Agreement (Association of Siberian Cities), the idea was put forward to create The Siberian Republic.

- In the mid-90s, the governor of the Khabarovsk Territory called for the creation of a Far Eastern Republic.


The Sverdlovsk Region was a Ural Republic and printed its own money - the Ural franc

- Yeltsin's native Sverdlovsk region was The Ural Republic and generally printed its own money - the Ural franc.

That is, it took quite a bit more time for the country to finally disintegrate.
My father told me that even they had jokes at work: their electrical workshop declared independence. Well, how about it? When the President of Russia himself traveled around the country and said, "Take as much independence as you want." So people took it.

POVERTY AND RUIN UNDER YELTSIN


At the same time, total poverty was observed in our country. In 2002, the United Nations released a poverty report stating that in 1989, 14 million people lived below the poverty line in Eastern Europe, including the European part of the USSR. In 1996, 169 million people fell below the poverty line, which was described in the report as the largest pogrom of the middle class in history.

This is all thanks to the liberal reforms carried out by Chubais, Gaidar and their team (Egor Gaidar and Anatoly Chubais are economists and politicians who participated in the development of the USSR economic reform program). But they carried out all this according to the decrees and laws that Yeltsin signed.

In addition, Yeltsin surrendered historical allies, such as Yugoslavia. She was given over to the United States. But it was possible to transfer Soviet air defenses to Yugoslavia, which would not allow state terrorism against the Serbian people. But Yeltsin let the Americans wipe their feet on Russia.

63) ⚔️💥Why Yugoslavia Was Destroyed? An Analysis of the True Purpose of Bombing the Slavic Country: https://projectavalon.net/forum4/sho...=1#post1677991


The result of the NATO bombing of Yugoslavia in 1999

Many criticize the Bolsheviks for their brutal actions against the people during the seizure and retention of power. But if we compare the figures, then these same liberals are much more cruel to the people than the Bolsheviks.

In the late 90s, the term "Russian cross" appeared, meaning a demographic trend in Russia when mortality began to exceed the birth rate. The people were dying out. People were getting drunk. Drugs have flooded the whole country.
In 1998, just think about it, there were 2 million homeless children in Russia! For comparison, by 2020, there were about 60 thousand street children in Russia, i.e. 33 times less. Although this is also a lot.

Russia ranked first in the world in terms of the number of child suicides and the extent of child drug addiction. There were more street children in Russia than after the Great Patriotic War! In fact, every sixth child was a street child! Think about it! But at that time there was the largest war in the history of mankind, and in the 90s Russia was simply ruled by Yeltsin.



To all the figures of the 90s, to all those who are proud of Yeltsin, Chubais, Gaidar and what they did, I would advise you to watch the film "The Children of Leningrad". In my opinion, the film is not very high-quality, it just consists of shots of the everyday life of street children, but this is enough to understand what Yeltsin and his team did to the country.

YELTSIN'S MAIN ACHIEVEMENT IS FREEDOM OF SPEECH AND HUMAN RIGHTS

And so I am wildly annoyed by the liberals' mantras that Yeltsin introduced freedom of speech, human rights and freedoms as the highest value - this is the main merit attributed to him.
Well, these kids were probably so happy that there was finally no de jure censorship in Russia.

Pensioners are so happy that we have a pluralism of opinions! And how the workers at the machines probably rejoiced that, finally, instead of stable salaries and new machines, they would have the opportunity to pour slops on the authorities!



People don't give a damn that the state doesn't let some journalists say something! I don't care!

And in general, all the talk about freedom of speech is pure hypocrisy. Right now, for example, all pro-Russian channels on YouTube have been deleted that speak the wrong way on a certain topic. And then they tell us that freedom of speech is freedom of the right word.
The same thing happened in the 90s. Yes, Yeltsin did not clamp down on journalists. And why should he clamp them? For the fact that after the unprecedented plundering of the country, the destruction of their own people, they praised him from head to toe in a single system so that he would become president again - did Yeltsin need to scold journalists for this?

As we can see today, liberalism turns out to be totalitarian too. And if you go against their opinion, then you will also be shut up. Yeltsin did not introduce censorship en masse simply because it was not necessary. So much for freedom of speech.

Feel all the hypocrisy of pro-Western liberals and Yeltsin fans.
In 1991, Yeltsin opposed the legitimate government of the USSR, the State Emergency Committee. The whole West supported him then and said: "It's right that it goes against the state and the state should not use weapons against civilians." Then 3 people died for what was essentially a coup d'etat in the USSR and they became heroes.



Two years later, Yeltsin did the same thing as the Emergency Committee, only ten times tougher: he shot the White House, which he had previously defended in 1991, with tanks. The White House, where the deputies were now sitting, had carried out a real coup in parallel. Even the Constitutional Court of Russia has recognized this. He didn't just admit it: Yeltsin was legally removed from power altogether. But he won't give up this power. He will give the order to shoot those who disagree with him, who wanted him (I repeat once again) it is legitimate to deprive this very power. But in the West, Yeltsin was not considered and is not considered a dictator and a tyrant. On the contrary, he is a Democrat. This story is very important for understanding the hypocrisy of the so-called supporters of democracy and the rule of law.


The advertisement for American cigarettes on the bulletin board reads: A "date with America" in front of the white house in which the communist party was sitting and kept the USSR from complete disintegration. As a result, on Yeltsin's orders, he was shelled by tanks. It's an unusual coincidence of advertising, isn't it? This date cost us dearly.
Smoking is harmful to your health, the Ministry of Health warns!

The White House (until 1991 — the House of Soviets of the RSFSR, in 1991-1993 — the House of Soviets of Russia, since 1994 — the House of Government of the Russian Federation) in Moscow in 1991 became the center of resistance during the August coup.

Source: https://youtube.com/watch?v=KulDodkPIsM

In other words, he did something that just two years ago the whole world was screaming about as a terrible crime. Although the Emergency Committee was the legitimate government in the country! But here Yeltsin did well again. The whole civilized world has said that it is normal to shoot deputies from tanks that prevent them from illegally seizing power. In general, as always, hypocrisy, cynicism and double standards.

After that, a colonial Constitution will be imposed on the country, which was written with the help of foreign advisers and American agencies. For example, the official website of the United States Agency for International Development openly states that they were used to write the basic law for the natives.
In general, I suggest reading what kind of Constitution this is in the work of scientist Vardan Baghdasaryan "The Constitution of the Russian Federation as the Constitution of a defeated state."
In fact, the 1993 Constitution is an act of surrender. This is a document that legally gave the right to plunder Russia.


In 1996, presidential elections were held in Russia.

After that, presidential elections were held in Russia in 1996. Yeltsin's rating at that time was no more than 6%, which is not surprising. And even Yeltsin was already completely different - by that time he had suffered 6 heart attacks. And the 6th one is right between the voting rounds. And all this was hidden from the country and the people. They hid that the President was not capable, he could not rule the country. This is another crime of Yeltsin's liberal totalitarian regime.


It was dangerous for the oligarchs and everyone else who actively profited from Russia's grief to let Yeltsin go from the presidency.

But it was dangerous for the oligarchs, the West, officials and everyone else who actively profited from Russia's grief to let Yeltsin leave the presidency, because any other president would have brought his team, which would have asked the old officials to leave the warm, settled places, would have torn them away from the trough and financial flows. Therefore, they united, gave the command to "honest", "independent" journalists to love Yeltsin very much, half-sick, half-drunk, intimidated Zyuganov and won the election (Gennady Andreevich Zyuganov is a Soviet and Russian politician, leader of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation (KPRF)).

In fact, of course, Zyuganov won the election. Even Dmitry Medvedev spoke about this, as did Zyuganov's inner circle and many others. But Zyuganov, firstly, was Khodorkovsky's man, and secondly, he was simply afraid of Yeltsin and his team, so he did not insist on victory.

And by the way, none of the "non-living" oppositionists are talking about mass falsifications, censorship, and the fact that the entire broadcast was dedicated to Yeltsin. As well as about the debates, in which Yeltsin, of course, did not participate (he was in the hospital at the time).

After Yeltsin's victory, the oligarchs had a feast - they finally took the most delicious pieces of Russian industry for themselves. Here is Yeltsin's decree on holding mortgage auctions,


Yeltsin's decree on holding mortgage auctions

thanks to which enterprises such as Yukos, Norilsk Nickel, Sibneft and others went for a song to the oligarchs who helped Yeltsin stay as president.

After 2 years, there will be a default and there will be nothing left in Russia. The country's economy, which was already struggling, will collapse; GDP will decrease by another 10%; unemployment and prices will increase even more. 71% of all personal assets in Russia will go to the richest 1% of Russians, who, by the way, will actively begin to drain all their savings to the West.
There is a famous statement by former Adviser to the President of the United States Zbigniew Brzezinski: "Since $500 billion of the Russian elite is in our banks, you'll figure it out later.: Is this your elite or is it already ours?" That is, Yeltsin legally, mentally, and physically turned Russia into a raw material colony of the West. According to the Western news agency Bloomberg, $1 trillion has been exported from Russia in 30 years.

But this is, so to speak, only one part of the capital outflow. In general, through offshore companies, through the Central Bank, through various pots where the currency is collected, Russia, in fact, began to pay tribute to about 1 billion dollars per day!

Nevertheless, I do not believe that Yeltsin consciously made Russia a neo-colony. As it was said and shown, he realized his ambitions. At the same time, he delegated his powers to other people who were already consciously, according to the guidelines of the International Monetary Fund, making Russia a colony of raw materials.

Later, Yeltsin saw all this, realized, and realized that in the world, it turns out, there is fierce competition not between capitalism and communism, but simply between strong countries. And ideology is not important at all. It's all an excuse. We used to fight for faith, then for some kind of freedom and democracy. But it's all a sham. Russia was not bad because it was ruled by communists. Russia was and is bad because the West just wants to eat a lot. This became obvious even to schoolchildren, and therefore Yeltsin, at the end of his reign, slightly changed his rhetoric towards the United States.

Yeltsin, with his narcissistic character and leadership qualities, was a man deceived by the Americans, and he had to beg Clinton for money. The country was on the edge. And so that she would not break down, Yeltsin, without waiting for the end of his presidential term, announced his resignation on the last day of the twentieth century, giving power to Vladimir Putin.

Source: https://youtube.com/watch?v=evY0QwJcC0w

Yeltsin announces his resignation in 1999

There are many conspiracy theories about why Yeltsin chose Putin. My version is banal: Putin was just an honest, decent, professional and intelligent man who, in Yeltsin's opinion, could save the country, which is why the choice fell on him.

And here it would even be possible to give Yeltsin a plus sign that, they say, he was wrong, giving the country to be torn apart, and then realized everything, found a man who would fix everything and, so to speak, repented. But that wasn't it! After retiring, he did not repent, did not begin to tell the truth, how he and Russia were deceived, on the contrary, there were notes of criticism of Putin in his words. For example, when Putin returned the anthem of Soviet music to the country with new words, Yeltsin did not approve. "It's red," he says.

In 2015, the Yeltsin Center was built in Yekaterinburg for 7 billion budget rubles, which, among other things, houses a museum dedicated to the first President of Russia.



But this museum does not tell how scientists and veterans climbed through garbage dumps in the 90s; it does not tell how teachers were paid with vodka; how street children sniffed glue with gasoline and engaged in prostitution; how people did not receive pensions and salaries for months; it does not tell how Yeltsin first destroyed the USSR, and then Russia, which led to wars and, consequently, thousands of victims; it is not told how the oligarchs appropriated everything that our grandfathers, exhausted by the war, built and restored; it is not told how much money, scientists, minerals were exported abroad; how crime and drug addiction grew; about the prosperity of banditry and fraud; terrorism and terrorist attacks; strikes and prostitution; about the people who literally became poor, who really had nothing to feed their children; about how Yeltsin destroyed the army and navy; and in general, how the whole nation almost He destroyed it - they don't tell everyone about it.

In the museum, which was built for budget money and which is also serviced from the treasury. In a museum that not only praises this traitor and criminal, this museum is engaged in rewriting history and distorting facts!

The Yeltsin Center has an introductory cartoon about the millennial history of Russia, which is shown to visitors. After watching this work, I want to spit - nonsense, which was made by traitors to the country. This cartoon tells everything the way it is told in the West, that our country has always been totalitarian and only Yeltsin saved the people from this oppression. There are also tales about Stalin's time and Stalin's repressions.: The authors of the cartoon claim that 10-20 million people became their victims. While all official sources indicate that during the conditionally Stalinist repressions, about 800,000 people were sentenced to death. That is, the Yeltsin Center took and exaggerated the scale of repression by 25 times. And no one asks any questions from the authorities! Well, as already mentioned, demographer Vladimir Timakov claims that Yeltsin's reforms killed more people than Stalin's repressions.

And if we talk about the Yeltsin Museum, then it should be. Where the whole truth about this man who drank and didn't give a damn about the country and its people will be told.



How Americans bought up State property under Yeltsin


The Yeltsin government was advised by more than 300 American specialists, including CIA officers. The untold national wealth of the Soviet Union was sold for next to nothing, stolen and exported abroad – mainly to America.

Adviser to US President Bill Clinton, Stobe Talbot, did not hesitate to write: "The United States bought the USSR at the price ratio of a penny per ruble. By their own admission, Russian economists Anatoly Chubais and Yegor Gaidar "did not think about the price of state property because they wanted to rid the country of the backward legacy of socialism as soon as possible."
As of 1990, there were more than 30,000 industrial enterprises operating in the Russian Federation, built during the Soviet era. After privatization, there were six times fewer of them. The greatest damage was caused during collateral auctions. Auctions were conducted according to corrupt schemes. Factory managers were bribed and blackmailed, and those who did not agree could be killed.

For example, in St. Petersburg, during the privatization of the Steel Rolling Plant, four applicants for the purchase of the enterprise were killed in turn. The Likhachev Automobile plant in Moscow (the famous ZIL) was sold for $ 130 million. The treasury received 13 million.As a result of the privatization of the 90s, Russia's economic development was pushed back to the level of 1975 and lost one and a half trillion dollars.The distribution of property was for next to nothing! that the voucher prices were underestimated by almost 150 times. Vouchers are securities for the acquisition of a share of state property, which should have cost in Russia not ten thousand rubles in terms of money from that period, but at least one and a half million rubles, even two.In those years, people sold their vouchers for the amount that could buy a bottle of vodka or a couple of kilograms of sugar. And if the voucher had cost two million, you must agree, everyone would have had the opportunity to take a significant share of state property and could have used it wisely. No one would sell her for sugar.

Anatoly Chubais is lying when he says now that they didn't care how to privatize, and that the main task was to distribute state property as quickly as possible in order to "drive a nail," as he pathetically says, "into the coffin of communism."

The main principle of privatization should be the general principle of all reforms - do no harm. The privatization that took place in our country was significantly different from the privatization in other countries. This is probably due to the fact that the Russian government is more interested than others in the "welfare and economic development" of its country.

We all know that privatization in Russia was accompanied by an exceptional level of violence, corruption and rampant crime. Thanks to the behind-the-scenes advisers who held key positions in the government at that time, E.T. Gaidar and A.B. Chubais, a significant part of the country's property passed into private hands. Using the contradictions that existed among the reformers in their vision of the final result of the reforms, these people made their "constructive" proposals to the reform program and, in particular, to the privatization program. However, their goals, or more precisely, the goals of those people who stood behind these "advisers" were radically different from the utopian ideas of the "reform idealists." These were absolutely realistic goals - to destroy the unified mechanism of functioning of the national economy as quickly as possible.

In fact, privatization in Russia was carried out according to Yeltsin's presidential decrees, which often contradicted the laws governing the procedure for privatization and had a higher legal status. For example, on August 14, 1992, Boris Yeltsin signed a decree on privatization checks, and since the beginning of autumn, vouchers (privatization checks) have been issued to the population in all branches of Sberbank of Russia. "Voucherization" was the main component of the first stage of privatization (August 1992 — autumn 1994). Its meaning was that every citizen should receive equal starting opportunities in the form of his share in the common property of the country. Since the market price of enterprises was not determined — it simply did not exist at the time of the reforms — the monetary assessment of the state's production potential was based on the book value of enterprises, which was "divided" by the population of Russia, including infants (148.7 million people). The share of each citizen of the Russian Federation was 10 thousand. rubles — this was the nominal value of the voucher — the amount at that time was quite large (a passenger car, for example, cost about 20 thousand rubles).The results of the "voucherization" of the population turned out to be deplorable due to colossal inflation: already in the fall of 1992, it was possible to buy one men's suit of average quality for the cost of a voucher, and at the end of 1993, vouchers were sold for 10-12 thousand rubles (the price of 3-4 bottles of vodka). In addition, if in 1991 it was supposed to make the privatization check personal, then in practice the vouchers turned out to be depersonalized. In conditions of a severe lag in wages from the standard of living, its systematic delays and non-payments, they have become a selling point. The vouchers were bought by those who had money, representatives of the shadow business. Excellent tactics for plundering the country, isn't it? The privatization carried out in Russia in the 90s went down in human history as an unprecedented robbery of the people and the destruction of a great power by a bunch of nouveau riche and traitors. My words are confirmed by the analysis of privatization in Russia conducted by the accounting policy of the Russian Federation. It follows from it that the State's renunciation of ownership was accompanied by numerous violations both on the part of the managers of the privatized facilities and on the part of the authorities. More than a thousand enterprises were appropriated by law enforcement and openly criminal methods, without any observance of legislative and constitutional norms.

Let's look at the history of old facts. According to Interior Minister V.F.Erin and DeputyMinister V.P.Strashko, for 11 months of 1994, 1,684 crimes were detected in the field of privatization, 127 of which were committed on a large and especially large scale. Foreign firms acquire shares in enterprises of the most profitable sectors of the national economy:

1. In the aluminum industry, Israeli citizens M. and L. Cherny bought 28% of shares of the Krasnoyarsk Aluminum Plant and 48% of shares of the Bratsk Aluminum Plant through front companies.
2. The French company Sepr is trying to buy up Russia's only Shcherbinsky refractory plant. At a plant cost of $145 million, the company is offering $5.5 million, demanding a 35% stake in return.
3. The most typical crimes were: bribery, criminalization in the housing market, purchase of shares in the most profitable sectors of the national economy by various foreign companies and firms with violations of the law. Foreign investors are actively trying to acquire shares in oil and gas production enterprises, non-ferrous metallurgy, transport, communications, electric power industry, as well as the defense complex.
4. The shares of the aviation industry are being bought by Nick Corporation (USA) through front companies, it has already managed to buy 30% of the shares of Aviazapchast (Moscow).
5. Shares of aluminum plants are acquired by companies from the USA (Ayok at the Krasnoyarsk Aluminum Plant), Israel (the Cherny brothers at the Sayan Plant), Ireland (Chanton International Ltd acquired 27% of the shares of the Kandalaksha Aluminum Plant).
6. The American company New Century Investments Holding buys shares of promising telecommunications companies in many regions of the country through front companies.
7. The total number of shares acquired by foreign companies in the UES of Russia joint Stock Company is 17%.
8. The American investment bank CIS First Boston acquired 2.8% of shares of the Lukoil oil company. 5% of shares of Kagalymneftegaz JSC, 14% of shares of Purneftegaz.
9. Baldwin Enterprises, Inc” The United States has bought more than 10% of the shares of the Component defense plant, which fulfills 87% of the total volume of defense orders from the General Staff of the Armed Forces and the Federal Drug Control Service of Russia. The charter of the Component plant stipulates that the ownership of 10% or more of shares by one of the investors gives him the right to appoint his representative to the board of directors of the enterprise.
10. The Siemens Concern acquired a 20.8% stake in Kaluga Turbine Works JSC, which is involved in the development and production of steam turbine installations for nuclear submarines.
11. The American aviation companies Boeing and Sikorsky, using the companies MMM and Sadko-Arkada, bought 28% of the M.L.Mil helicopter plant through check auctions. Boeing's real goals are to eliminate the domestic production of aircraft of a similar class as a competitor in the global market. To this end, through the capabilities of the fake commercial structure Aviabank, Boeing intends to take control of the aircraft production of JSC AVIS (the former Samara Aircraft Factory).
12. About 30% of the shares of the Moscow Electrode Plant, which has been transferred to the site of the Graphite Research Institute, which produces strategic graphite for military rocket engineering, belongs to a fake Russian company Granix, whose funds were provided by a US citizen associated with the CIA, D. Hay. As a result, the Graphite Research Institute Under pressure from the Americans, he refused to accept the order of the Russian military space forces and begins manufacturing products for the United States using Stealth technology.
13. The 500 largest privatized enterprises in Russia with a real value of at least 200 billion US dollars were sold for almost nothing (about 7.2 billion dollars) and ended up in the hands of foreign companies and their front structures. In particular, 77 enterprises in metallurgy, 85 in mechanical engineering, 66 in the oil and gas industry, and 65 in the chemical industry were sold for a song.This list can go on for dozens of pages.

Despite the fact that by the end of the 1990s, about 60% of enterprises had become private, the government's stated goals of privatization had not been achieved. As a result of the privatization campaign, private ownership of the means of production has been established in the country. Contrary to liberal demagoguery, it has not increased but significantly lowered the overall efficiency of the Russian economy. Some of its branches have been totally destroyed and seriously degraded. The standard of living of the majority of citizens has decreased by 2-3 times. By the early 2000s, the State Duma of the second convocation, through the efforts of Communist deputies, had stopped the devastating privatization of key sectors of Russian industry. A list of strategic facilities that are not subject to privatization has been compiled. Thus, the process of total sale of the remaining state property, primarily the military-industrial complex, was suspended. However, with the onset of the financial crisis in 2008, accompanied by falling oil prices, lower gross income growth and, consequently, lower budget revenue growth, the government returned to the practice of selling off state property. In the summer of 2010, a privatization program for 2011-2013 was developed. At the same time, the list of strategic facilities, the privatization of which was prohibited, was abolished. The following major facilities were included in the privatization plan: Sberbank, Vneshtorgbank, United Grain Company, Rosagroleasing, Rosselkhoznadzor, Rosneft, Rosspirtprom, Rushydro, Sovcomflot, Transneft, Federal Insurance Company.This plan was strongly opposed by both the vast majority of citizens and professional experts. The Communist Party of the Russian Federation held a popular referendum, which showed that 90% of Russians do not support privatization and advocate the nationalization of the most important sectors of the economy. The President and the government are fully aware that the new privatization program is perceived by society as hostile to the interests of the country. That is why the privatization campaign was suspended during the last parliamentary and presidential elections. But since the middle of 2012, the government has deployed it with renewed vigor. The list of strategically important enterprises prepared for privatization has been expanded, and the privatization deadline has been extended until 2016.The very course of privatization looks like a complete mockery of the interests of the country. So, in the fall of 2012, a block of shares in Sberbank was sold abroad, but the proceeds did not even reach Russia. Nevertheless, at the beginning of this year, the head of Sberbank, German Gref, said at the Davos economic forum: "Everything that can be privatized needs to be privatized." I get the feeling that being in power, the liberals in Russia see the complete sale of the country as their main task.In the wake of privatization, fraudulent financial structures such as MMM have emerged. The authorities could not or would not prevent them from deceiving the population. The rules of privatization for Chubais' team were dictated by American advisers, who at the same time pursued two goals: to enrich themselves and destroy the economy of a great power with which their country had been competing for many decades. The privatization was carried out in favor of a narrow group of people, later called the oligarchs. These people had a special relationship with the privatizers' team: they could use "insider" information, for which they organized a "kickback" to their benefactors. Privatization marked the beginning of a bloody redistribution of property, which continues to this day, contributed to an unprecedented rampant crime in the country and the formation of powerful mafia clans.Privatization in Russia destroyed almost the entire Soviet industry. The privatization, organized by Yeltsin's liberal gang under the clear leadership of American advisers, was nothing more than the planned destruction of a huge Soviet industry and the theft of the Russian people. The Soviet Union could be called a country of factories. There were industrial enterprises in every city. They were a source of life – they gave people jobs, housing, and allowed them to give birth and raise children.The USSR was one of the leaders (and in many types of products, the first) of industrial production in the world and independently produced the necessary equipment and machine tools. The plundering of former socialist property was not without contract killings, which peaked in the early 90s. The oil industry turned out to be the bloodiest – they rushed to suck on the inexhaustible tap with black gold at any cost. 50 contract killings were linked to the Samara Oil alone. Metallurgy turned out to be the second industry in terms of the length of the blood trail. Many murders have remained unsolved.The treasury's income from voucher privatization amounted to 2 trillion rubles, or $60 billion, which is half what the state budget received from privatization in small Hungary, where 10 million people live. According to estimates, the value of the privatized property was underestimated by 10 times and amounted to 20 trillion rubles, or 600 billion dollars. As a result of privatization, Russia's economic development was pushed back to the level of 1975.



Putin told how he purged CIA employees from the government!

In the mid-1990s, as advisers, official employees of the government of the Russian Federation, there were, as it turned out later, cadres of the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) of the United States, said Russian President Vladimir Putin.
"Look at this – the mid-1990s – early 2000s. In the early 2000s, I had already cleaned out everyone there, but in the mid-1990s, as advisers, official employees of the government of the Russian Federation, we had, as it turned out later, staff members of the Central Intelligence Agency of the United States," RIA Novosti quoted Putin as saying at a meeting of the Council for the Development of Civil Society and Human Rights. human Rights (HRC)."They were later criminalized in the United States for violating American law and participating in privatization," the president stressed. According to him, "this is just one example" of attempts to interfere in Russia's affairs. "In fact, there are many more of them," Putin pointed out.

According to him, "everything along this line was under the known control of certain countries." "American specialists were sitting at our nuclear weapons complex facilities, they came to work there every day from morning to evening – there was a table and an American flag. They lived and worked there. They didn't need such subtle instruments of interference in our political life, as they already controlled everything," the head of state is convinced.

He stressed that, "of course, the situation has changed, the country has become different, it has become more independent, more sovereign, the capabilities of the armed forces are growing, and attitudes towards Russia have begun to change."
Putin called for remembering "how the attitude towards the first president of Russia, Boris Nikolaevich [Yeltsin], developed." "Everything was fine, everyone was happy to pat him on the shoulder.All he had to do was raise his voice in defense of Yugoslavia and illegal actions – and you and I understand that these are absolutely illegal actions that violate international law in relation to Yugoslavia, when bombing takes place without any authorization from the UN Security Council, this is a gross violation of international law – it only took Boris Nikolaevich Yeltsin to defend international law and the rights of peoples Despite the fact that they were treated in a civilized manner, immediately the attitude towards Russia changed, and towards him personally," Putin stated.

"Therefore, as soon as Russia began to declare its interests, that it had them, and began to increase its sovereignty, economy, and the capabilities of the armed forces, other instruments of influence on our domestic political life were needed, including rather subtle instruments through various organizations that receive funding from abroad." – the Russian leader is convinced.In his opinion, "nothing new has been invented here. Such a law has been in force in the United States since 1938 or 1937, and it is still being applied <...>, including in relation to our organizations.", – Putin noticed.The head of state categorically disagreed with Reznik, who noted that "Russia has become hostile to the whole world." "It's not like that! Russia did not become hostile to any part of the world at all. A certain part of the world considers us its opponents," Putin said.

"Have we written in our institutional documents of a strategic nature that we declare someone an enemy? No! They're announcing us!" the Russian leader explained.Earlier, Russian President Vladimir Putin, at a meeting with the Council for the Development of Civil Society and Human Rights (HRC), commenting on the speech of director Alexander Sokurov, said that Russia is a multinational and multi-religious country, and not Muscovy, which NATO would like to make it.

[Russian Bear]

How the Soviet Motherland was sold and betrayed. Or about how the privatization took place.

Let's summarize the article about the oligarchs and talk about privatization, which, in fact, gave rise to the Russian oligarchs. Who invented privatization? Who saw her off? Could it have been done differently? And what happened in the end — we'll figure it out now.

One month after the liquidation of the USSR, in January 1992, the President of the United States of America, George H. W. Bush, declared in the US Congress that America, with the help of God, had won the Cold War.


In 1992, the President of the United States declared in the US Congress that America, with the help of God, had won the Cold War.

By the way, in fact, Mikhail Gorbachev turned out to be the Lord God for America - it was with his help, not God's, that the United States emerged victorious in the Cold War.

But most importantly, unfortunately, these praiseworthy words of the American president are backed up by a specific process, when the victorious country levied, in fact, tribute from the defeated country. The International Monetary Fund, controlled by the United States, developed a scheme for collecting tribute through various economic reforms, as Vladimir Ovchinsky, Doctor of Law, retired police major General, and an expert on organized crime, pointed out in his work.:

"Such depressing consequences of the "shock" reforms are not accidental. The scheme of the Russian economy presented by the IMF is considered in a whole block of studies and policy proposals for the Russian economy in the "Study of the Soviet Economy", published in 1990 by the IMF together with the World Bank, the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development and the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development. This 1,200-page, three-volume document sets out in great detail the IMF's proposals for the Russian economy, explains the Gaidar government's approach, and is the basis of the Gaidar government's memorandum to the IMF, as well as the basis for "Deepening the Economic Reform Program." The IMF suggests that Russia undergo massive deindustrialization and become, first of all, a supplier of energy and raw materials to the international market. In general, the result of Gaidar's "reforms" was a fundamental change in the situation in the country. The process of controlled destruction of the national economy has begun."

One of the main phenomena of post-Soviet Russia is privatization, i.e. the transfer of state property into private hands. Gaidar's comrade Anatoly Chubais was appointed responsible for it.

In fact, and it's not a secret, there are many ways to privatize state property. As an alternative to our privatization, privatization in Hungary, Great Britain, Poland. But in Russia, the program proposed by the Americans was implemented, and the so-called young reformers were set to make this program a reality: Chubais, Gaidar, Nemtsov.


Egor Timurovich Gaidar on the left and Anatoly Chubais on the right are politicians and economists whose names are associated with the process of privatization in Russia in the 1990s. In the center, Boris Efimovich Nemtsov is a Russian politician, statesman and public figure (American betting).

The United States is the quintessence of slave-owning Europe. Therefore, when they defeated the USSR, their main goal was to plunder it as much as possible. For this, as it was said, the necessary programs were written. Smart people, of course, understood that the economic reforms imposed by the United States, and in particular privatization, were simply a robbery of the people and the destruction of the country. Therefore, ambitious, unscrupulous, stupid brats were selected for privatization, so to speak - the same Gaidar who headed the Government was the 33-year-old editor of the Communist magazine, and Chubais sold flowers in Leningrad. Such people are easy to manipulate. And today we know perfectly well who manipulated them.

Putin:
Anatoly Borisovich's entourage, as it turned out today, was staffed by US CIA personnel.

In general, along with Gaidar, the 33-year-old editor of the Communist magazine, 1,200 foreign advisers joined the Government, who explained to the narrow-minded would-be economists what needed to be done in the interests of the United States.

On November 10, 1991, Chubais was appointed Chairman of the Russian State Committee for State Property Management. In the same year, a program for the privatization of national property was adopted, meaning that Chubais was tasked with transferring state property into private hands.

I repeat once again that there were a lot of ways to carry out normal, fair privatization. This was even done by one person in the Amur region, Vladimir Polivanov. But Chubais and his supporters did exactly that, so that Russia's property would be transferred not to ordinary people, but to a handful of people controlled by the United States.

To do this, in 1992, before the start of privatization, the entire Russian population was deprived of savings through the so-called shock therapy conducted by the Gaidar Government. The point of this reform was that prices should be set by the market, not the state. We did it in such a way that, as a result, by the end of `92, the price increase was terrifying. For example, the price of bread has increased 50 times.

For those who are not aware of those events, imagine if a loaf of bread cost 1,700 rubles today. Salary indexation, of course, has not kept pace with prices.

Overall, inflation reached 2,608% in `92. Again, for comparison, today, when the whole West is against Russia, it is 12%.



An interesting situation turns out: when there was "friendship" with the West, Russia degraded and became poor, and when it stopped being "friends", it began to develop.

The savings of the USSR population, accumulated over decades of hard work, amounted to 369 billion rubles in 1990 - a lot of money! For example, at that time a dollar was worth 1 ruble 80 kopecks. In the USSR, there was a huge stratum of the middle class, who had such funds in their accounts that they could use to buy more than one car or apartment. And, of course, this money could have been used to buy the country's assets during the privatization process. But Gaidar, Chubais and his leaders did not need Russia's property to go to its people, so they first deprived people of their funds, and then they organized privatization.

In 2002, the United Nations released a poverty report stating that in 1989, 14 million people in Eastern Europe, including the European part of the USSR, were below the poverty line. In 1996, 169 million people were already below the poverty line, which was described in the report as the largest pogrom of the middle class in history.



Gaidar and Chubais first deprived people of their funds, and then they organized privatization.

And after that, when the majority of our country's citizens were cut off from privatization, Chubais began distributing property to Russia. Vladimir Polevanov, his successor as head of the State Property Committee, told how he did it.

Until 1994, Vladimir Polivanov was the governor of the Amur Region, who, after Chubais' promotion, took over his post. But Polivanov refused to participate in the looting and destruction of his country.

Polivanov:
When I became Deputy Prime Minister, I had a very interesting report from one of the country's institutes on my desk. The report refers to the Polish experience (the privatization of Eastern Europe has been going on for several years and there has already been experience). It was summarized, it was pointed out that in no case should the process be reversed, i.e. first privatize small and medium-sized businesses (household services, cafes, restaurants, snack bars), save money from the middle class, create a middle class, and then gradually move on to a larger privatization. Here it was done exactly the opposite, i.e. At first, the middle class was completely destroyed.

According to Polivanov, after becoming head of the State Property Committee, he began to reverse the criminal decisions taken on the privatization of people's property. Naturally, from above, Chubais put sticks in his wheels and demanded that he continue his work. Polivanov, in turn, asked for written decrees that would document the criminal actions of the Government. Chubais did not sign up for this. In addition, Chubais's men were put in charge of Polivanov, who continued to destroy Russia. Polivanov had to deprive them of the right to sign the papers. Well, Polivanov's most famous demarche was the dismissal of foreign advisers from the State Property Committee, which eventually resulted in the dismissal of Polivanov himself at the request of the United States.

While the enthusiastic editor of the magazine and the flower seller thought they were carrying out economic reforms, the United States was ripping out its fangs and claws from its geopolitical opponent through privatization. Namely, they destroyed Russian defense enterprises.

This is what Boris Mironov, the former Russian Press minister, wrote in his work "Robbery and Betrayal of Privatization.":

"The main objective of the privatization carried out in Russia is not the plundering of state property, profit or personal enrichment, it is just a tool to achieve the main objective of privatization, namely, the elimination of all the best and most promising things that strengthen Russia and increase its power. That's why immediately privatisation went under the knife strategically important for the country, key for the defense industry.
- Smolensk Aviation Plant,
-Rybinsk Engine Building Plant,
-Rybinsk Design Bureau of Motor Engineering,
-Samara state enterprise "Start",
- Ufa Engine-building Production Association,
-Uralmashzavod,
- LNPO "Proletarian Factory",
- production association "Znamya Oktyabrya",
- Central Research Institute "Rhumb",
- Baltic Plant,
-NTC Soyuz,
-Granit Machine-building Design Bureau,
-Moscow Helicopter Plant named after M.L.Mil,
-Irkutsk Aviation Production Association,
-Nizhny Novgorod state-owned enterprise Gidromash,
-Moscow Machine-building Plant "Znamya",
-Taganrog Aviation Production Enterprise,
-Moscow NGO "Vzlet",
-Tula Arms Factory,
-Tula Cartridge Factory,
-NPO Saturn named after A.M.Lyulka,
-Voronezh plant "Electropribor",
-Tula Central Research Institute of Control Systems,
-Krasnogorsk plant named after S.A.Zverev,
-Vyatka-Polyansky machine-building plant "Molot"
and a lot of other defense industry enterprises."






The legacy of Yeltsin, Gaidar and Chubais in the 90s

To understand what the sale of defense enterprises resulted in, I will quote the words of Leonid Maslovsky, who was in charge of one of the aircraft factories for 18 years.

"In the 1970s, every second aircraft flying in the sky of the planet was made in the USSR, that is, the Soviet Union produced as many planes and helicopters as all other aircraft manufacturing companies in the world combined."
After the Chubais reforms, enterprises that produced strategically important products were destroyed and Russia switched to foreign Boeing and Airbus.

Everyone who lived in the 90s and early 2000s perfectly remembers these ruins, which were once the pride of the country. Now something has been leased out for shopping malls and offices, and something has been demolished.

As for other enterprises in our country, in the book "Russia under the Rule of Plutocracy," Vladimir Lisichkin indicates the price for which the oligarchs bought Russian factories, comparing them with the cost of average European bakeries, which cost about $ 2 million. Remember: the average bakery in Europe cost $2 million.
In Russia, however,:
- The famous Uralmash plant (34,000 workers) was sold for $3.72 million.
-Chelyabinsk Metallurgical Plant (35,000 workers) – sold for $3.73 million.
-Kovrov Mechanical Plant, which provides small arms to the entire army, Interior Ministry and special services (10.6 thousand workers), sold for 2.7 million dollars.
-Chelyabinsk Tractor Plant (54.3 thousand workers) – for $ 2.2 million.
-The Lipetsk Tractor Plant, which employed about 20,000 people, was valued at $1.5 million.
-Ural Automobile Plant (29.5 thousand employees) – 1.8 million dollars,
The real value of the sold enterprises, if estimated by the most minimal estimates, was more than 1 trillion US dollars. Chubais and his accomplices sold them on the instructions of their overseas owners for only 7.2 billion dollars, which is at least 150 (!) times cheaper.

And before that, in 1992, Chubais carried out the famous voucher privatization. Its meaning was as follows: 35% of Russian enterprises, worth 1 trillion 400 billion rubles, decided to divide among all residents of Russia. It turned out to be 10 thousand rubles each. But people were given not money, but privatisation checks, famous as vouchers.


In 1992, Chubais carried out the famous voucher privatization

There was a deception here from the beginning: the inscription "10 thousand rubles" meant nothing - this voucher meant only that its owner could participate in privatization. People didn't know how to participate or where to go. Therefore, various structures appeared, such as chiefs and bandits, which is actually the same thing, and they bought these vouchers for pennies. As a result, the majority of people were deceived and received nothing at all. To the question "could it have been done differently?", the answer is categorically positive. For example, to make personalized vouchers so that really everyone can get a guaranteed share of the public pie.



Surprisingly, even the American economic adviser to Yeltsin, Jeffrey Sachs, was shocked by the actions of Chubais and Gaidar.

There was a "huge gap" between what the Young Reformers said and what they actually did.

"The Russian leadership has surpassed the most fantastic ideas of Marxists about capitalism: they considered that the state's business is to serve a narrow circle of capitalists by pumping as much money into their pockets as possible and as soon as possible."

After these words from Sachs, Chubais, in an interview with an Israeli journalist, revealed that in fact they were not engaged in privatization and economic reforms, but were fighting communism for power.

Chubais:
We were not collecting money, but destroying communism - these are different tasks with different costs. And we knew that every factory sold was a nail in the coffin of communism. Expensive, cheap, free, with additional payment - the 20th question. And the first question is the same: every private owner who appears in Russia is irreversible.
Privatization in Russia before 1997 was not an economic process at all. She was solving a completely different scale of task, which few people understood then, especially in the West. She solved the main task - to stop communism. We have solved this problem!

I think this is a very important recognition. Chubais, sacrificing the people, the country, its industry and security, deceiving people, fought communism. The one they criticize for using harsh methods to seize power. That is, he believes that the struggle for power justifies him. That is, if I seize power and arrange total nationalization, I will take away everyone's property by force, and then I will say that I was not engaged in economic reforms, and I fought against capitalism, I don't care about the people at all - this will justify me, according to the logic of Chubais himself.

And I would like to ask Chubais a question: for whom did he sacrifice his country in the fight against communism? Probably, if you ask him this question publicly, he will answer that he went to such harsh destructive methods for the sake of people. For the sake of the people who, a year before the start of privatization, voted by an absolute majority in a referendum to preserve the USSR. Thus, Chubais could not act in the interests of the people, no matter how one may say.

In addition, there are about 4 million individual entrepreneurs out of 146 million people in Russia today. This is 2.7%. You can remove small businesses from them, which do not live, but survive, and you will get 1% of entrepreneurs, according to his logic, for whom Chubais killed the country and its people.



After the privatization, after the record plundering of the people, after the colossal weakening of the country, including thanks to Chubais,

He said that you are underdeveloped people because you don't thank the oligarchs he created.

Chubais:
Society, in my understanding, is deeply infantile. In 25 years, they have not bothered to say "thank you" to business even once for everything that business has done in the country. He rebuilt the country. He restored the hopelessly collapsed Soviet enterprises. He returned people's salaries, he filled the budget with money, he created sources for our intelligentsia to receive funds to support - those that they receive - culture and science - this was all done by Russian business. It was all done by those whom society calls "oligarchs", they didn't even come up with another word (language reflects thinking). There is no good word about business in society! You can expect society to mature and say "Oh! Thanks! Did I forget to say it?" No, you can't.

About the fact that “business has rebuilt enterprises.” Firstly, if it is a strategically important enterprise, then it was built and rebuilt by the state. And it was rebuilt because Chubais destroyed it in the 90s. In addition, the state had to buy back many facilities, such as seaports.

Secondly, even if something was built beyond what was destroyed, it was in spite of Chubais and his oligarchs. What was rebuilt by Gusinsky, Berezovsky, Khodorkovsky, whom Chubais defended in 2003? They just robbed and destroyed!

According to Professor Vasily Simchera, Doctor of Economics, by 1990 there were 30 thousand 600 capable large and medium-sized industrial enterprises in the RSFSR. This includes 4,500 large and large enterprises, each employing up to 5,000 people, who accounted for over 55% of all industrial workers and more than half of the total industrial output. Today, there are only a few hundred such enterprises in Russia after the activities of Chubais and his team.

Chubais, like no one else, has discredited the word "businessman" not only in Russia, but throughout the world. He should have died out and not appeared in public at all. But no, he calmly gives interviews, participates in forums where he openly declares that oligarchs are generally heroes who should be rewarded.

It is theoretically impossible to reward them here, even if we want to, because they all live abroad - they don't appear in Russia, like Chubais himself, who stole billions from himself (by the way, information about this was recently received), the security forces were interested in his billions, but somehow everything went quiet.

Now Chubais has fled the country and it is unlikely that Russian justice will catch up with him. But this, by the way, is not the main thing. As they say, God will punish. The most important thing is that the country itself gives correct assessments to all the figures of the 90s. It is necessary to officially declare the truth that Chubais is a criminal and a collaborator, worked for a geopolitical opponent, he is a traitor and a traitor to the Motherland, and everything he did requires revision. Including privatization.

The same goes for his friend, the late Gaidar. But instead, forums are dedicated to him, institutes are named after him, streets, monuments are erected. Let me remind you that Gaidar is the one who, under the leadership of the IMF, staged the worst pogrom of the middle class in the history of mankind. They did what Hitler failed to do!


Here is a vivid example of how oligarchs became rich people and entered politics under the auspices of America. And there were a huge number of such oligarchs in Russia, and they all worked to destroy Russia. But with Putin's arrival, everything has changed.

[ThePythonicCow]

Posted by Russian Bear (here)
For example, we will gradually eradicate the social essence of literature and art, we will wean artists off, we will discourage them from depicting... researching, so to speak, the processes that occur in the depths of the masses. Literature, theaters, cinema - everything will depict and glorify the basest human feelings. We will support and raise up the so-called artists in every possible way, who will plant and hammer into human consciousness the cult of sex, violence, sadism, betrayal - in a word, all kinds of immorality. We will create chaos and confusion in the governance of the state.

I live in another large land mass nation in the northern hemisphere where this has also happened, as I have witnessed in my long life. This seems to be the way that the globalists, with a key headquarters in London in recent centuries, and the strongest sea power colonialists for a long time, chose to take down the two greatest land mass nations. Also, in a manner that these globalists commonly use, they strove to take down whatever rivals they had, whether arch-rivals such as the USSR and the USA, or smaller more regional rivals, by stoking war between their rivals ... whether hot, cold, or other, the style of war was by whatever means available.

The optimist lobe of my brain tends now to think that Putin and Trump, and the (ever covert) critical powers behind them, are resisting these globalists, and striving to Make America Great Again and Make Russia Great Again, sharing their resistance to these globalists.

But the realist lobe of my brain cautions me that (1) since these critical powers are routinely covert and habitually (and probably necessarily) deceptive in some of their work, I will not know for sure at the time, and (2) since much history is written by the victors, I might not know even in hindsight, and (3) since I am old now, I might never know in this lifetime.

I have just begun to read this your fine expose into recent Russian history. Have you chosen to write somewhere here your view on where Putin and Trump stand, in this long war by the globalists against the nations and cultures of the people on this planet?

[Russian Bear]

Thank you for your comment, I will make a separate article at your request, I have not finished this article yet, I still have a lot of information that I want to publish here, of course, I will tell Putin and I will tell about Trump later. The article about Putin will be very long.

Yes, there are Masonic lodges in London, but the USA is now the center of Freemasons and the second Babylon, which affects all countries of the world. No one wants to destroy America, there is no such country. There are strong rivals like Russia and China, and India can also be competitive.

America globally influences the whole world, and dictates how one should live and according to what laws and international rights.

America is making its people stupid by destroying education, the sick, supplying them with fast food and low-quality chemical products, but very cheap and tasty, medicine is being destroyed, only the rich can afford a full medical package. America has corrupted not only its own people, but also affects the whole World. After all, America also has a multinational, unique culture and its own roots, which it is destroying. It is beneficial for Masons and Illuminati to make people stupid, at this level it is easier for globalists to control ordinary people. They have created entertainment programs for their people and the whole world, films and music, food, computer games, immoral and deceitful books, fine art and everywhere base qualities. In fact, few people now read classic books in order to develop. People are more attached to the material than to the spiritual.

Of course, the American people themselves suffer from Freemasons.

I am a Russian, I like the multinational American culture and its people. There are many good American films and books. For example, I love the American writer Jack London. There was even a Soviet theatrical production based on it. Where Soviet actors play just amazing. I know a lot about America, and it's home to wonderful people with a special mentality and mindset. For example, Americans can shoot science fiction and superheroes, they do it pretty cool and professionally. Russians don't know how to think like that, because we think more seriously. Americans are more sentimental and emotional. We're better at classics. For example, the Soviet Sherlock Holmes is recognized as the best film adaptation than the English or American version (This was recognized by England and Her Highness the Queen of England, and Soviet actors were awarded in England). Americans and Europeans are very different from Slavic peoples, like Russia and Belarus. Therefore, Russians always like the American people.

If Americans were the same as Russians, then Americans would not interest us in anything. But because we're so different, it's of unusual interest. I mentioned films as one example, and there are just a lot of such examples, you can endlessly list them. The same applies to European people.
Trailer:

Source: https://youtube.com/watch?v=S2Z53uN6y10

Serial movie on YouTube with English subtitles:

Source: https://youtube.com/watch?v=saVNmNaRIcY

Martin Eden. Film adaptation of the novel by Jack London (1976) (you can include English subtitles)

Source: https://youtube.com/watch?v=X5cQ8Au55Gs

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44) 💥💥💥(History, Policy) The story of how Russia became an "aggressor". The history of relations between Russia and the West.
https://projectavalon.net/forum4/sho...=1#post1672075

32) 💥🔥⚠️(Conspiracy) The Colossal Lies and Secret Truth of the 9/11 Attacks in the USA
https://projectavalon.net/forum4/sho...=1#post1665183

27) 📱(Conspiracy, Politics, Facts) The US is secretly spying on people/Citizen 4 (Edward Snowden)
https://projectavalon.net/forum4/sho...=1#post1664876

45) 🎯(History, Conspiracy) How the CIA Killed John Kennedy by Blaming the US President's Death on a Lone Psychopath
https://projectavalon.net/forum4/sho...=1#post1664429

79) Why are Russians exposed villains in all games and films?
https://projectavalon.net/forum4/sho...=1#post1683115

I advise you to look at some of my articles...

[ThePythonicCow]

Posted by Russian Bear (here)
Thank you for your comment, I will make a separate article at your request, I have not finished this article yet, I still have a lot of information that I want to publish here, of course, I will tell Putin and I will tell about Trump later. The article about Putin will be very long.
...
I advise you to look at some of my articles...

You're welcome.

I suspect from what I've read so far in this article (Avalon thread), and from the titles of your other articles in your select list above, that you and I would agree that the USA has become, especially over the last century, at various times the Big Dog of the globalists, in culture, military, finance, propaganda, money, medicine, agriculture, ...

But, as you know better than I, America, like Russia, is not a monolith, and not an entirely reliable instrument of the globalists. The various peoples of our respective heartlands bring a rich variety of more honorable traditions and abilities.

[Russian Bear]

Posted by ThePythonicCow (here)

Posted by Russian Bear (here)
Thank you for your comment, I will make a separate article at your request, I have not finished this article yet, I still have a lot of information that I want to publish here, of course, I will tell Putin and I will tell about Trump later. The article about Putin will be very long.
...
I advise you to look at some of my articles...

You're welcome.

I suspect from what I've read so far in this article (Avalon thread), and from the titles of your other articles in your select list above, that you and I would agree that the USA has become, especially over the last century, at various times the Big Dog of the globalists, in culture, military, finance, propaganda, money, medicine, agriculture, ...

But, as you know better than I, America, like Russia, is not a monolith, and not an entirely reliable instrument of the globalists. The various peoples of our respective heartlands bring a rich variety of more honorable traditions and abilities.

I disagree with you here. Let me explain some points to you.

The USSR and the USA are often compared as two opposing, competing formations, as two leaders of two different worlds – socialist and capitalist. At the same time, it seems to me that the comparison is always carried out in such a way that both countries seem to be absolutely equal rivals with equal initial conditions and equal opportunities throughout the entire time of their competition. And in this situation, when both competitors are compared as absolutely equal, it seems that the outcome of the Cold War is not just a major geopolitical event, but an epochal victory of one system over another. There are a number of well-known facts that should, in theory, make adjustments to this picture, but for some reason these radically significant facts are perceived in the mass consciousness as something insignificant or in the style of "this is different." To understand what I mean, let's take a quick comparative look at the history of the USSR and the USA in the 20th century.

The 1920s.
USSR: emerging. The country is born simply in the absolute, unthinkable chaos and devastation that resulted from the First World War, the Revolution, the Civil War and the famine of the early 20s. Everything in the country is just unrealistically bad, just hell. More precisely, the country has gone through hell and the Bolsheviks will have to clean it up.
USA: the Age of Prosperity. The country is simply at the peak of prosperity and well-being, thanks to the First World War, in which the Americans managed to make a good living, suffering minimal losses. Until the end of the 1920s, the economy and the general welfare of Americans would grow almost nonstop.
73) 💲⚔️ Why and who actually organized the First World War
https://projectavalon.net/forum4/sho...=1#post1680603

The 1930s
USSR: thanks to accelerated industrialization, the country is developing rapidly. As a result of the Great Depression that hit the entire capitalist world, the standard of living in the USSR and the USA as a whole is roughly equalizing. This is taking into account that Stalin's repressions also had a negative impact on the country.
USA: The Great Depression. The economy of the United States and the entire capitalist world, as already mentioned, has terribly sagged, the country is in a severe economic crisis. Well, in general, the market has settled. It was then that it became clear that the clean market alone could not solve all the problems, seriously speaking, since the clean market was only interested in profit, and the fact that profit did not bring, the market did not care, and the market would not support anyone. No profit, goodbye. Nothing personal, just business. That's when it became clear that some government regulation was needed. The then President of the United States, F. Roosevelt, who began to regulate the economy in order to save the country, was even accused by local capitalists of sympathizing with communism.

The Truth About Capitalism


The 1940s
The USSR: a country that has only recently reared its head is once again in complete ruin, having once again gone through the hell of the Great Patriotic War. Is it worth mentioning that there were huge losses in people and resources? Is it worth mentioning what a hell the Great Patriotic War became for the USSR? It was said abroad that the USSR would take 40 years to recover, or at best 25 years. The country was rebuilt in one five-year period.
USA: human losses in World War II amounted to approximately 300,000 people (in the USSR – more than 27.5 million), resource losses – zero (in the USA – in North America itself, the war was not fought). But as a result of World War II, the United States again improved its economic situation, thereby solving all previous problems from the Great Depression and finally becoming the recognized leader of the capitalist world. The dollar has finally established itself as the world's strongest currency. America made good money from the war and boosted its economy:
The organizer of World War II is known
https://projectavalon.net/forum4/sho...=1#post1670600

1950s – 1970s.
The standard of living in the USSR and the USA is about the same, with the only difference being that the USSR has a smaller range of goods and services, but crime is much lower and the social sphere is better developed.

The 1980s.
Perestroika begins in the USSR, which led to what is known. After I.V. Stalin, the country should have moved to the development of a post-industrial economy, but did not do so, which caused the technological gap from the West to grow. Further, both objective and subjective factors probably played a role, and what happened turned out to be.

Conclusion
The USSR and the USA are not two athletes who were on equal terms. The USSR is a country that constantly overcame some kind of hell, while managing to remain on the 2nd place in the world in terms of economic power. The USA is a country that has always been far from the epicenter of all the hell that took place in the world in the 20th century. Being away, Americans also made good money from this hell.
Russia (the USSR) went through Hell every time, as a country, we were not allowed to develop fully, while America lived in peace and earned money from wars. Think about it: even with all this, the USSR kept the bar on a par with America. I dare to assume, and this is my purely personal opinion, that any capitalist country, faced with what the USSR faced, simply would not have survived in principle. And with this in mind, it would probably be more correct to compare the USSR and the USA, socialism and capitalism, and everything else.

The USSR also spent huge resources on the development of other countries.
The USSR gratuitously helped other countries to the detriment of its economy, where it had its influence. He built houses, educational institutions, medical buildings, factories, and helped in the military field. For example, Afghanistan, North Korea, Cuba, Egypt, Poland... There are many of these countries, I won't list them all. While the USSR was alive, these countries also lived very well at our expense. I will publish one article on this topic.


Russia repeats the mistakes of the Union. Billions of dollars of Soviet aid to other countries "went into the sand."

THE USSR'S ASSISTANCE TO OTHER COUNTRIES.
In the 20th century, many states, especially among the so-called developing ones, could always turn to the leader of the entire socialist community, the Soviet Union, for help when the international situation or other circumstances demanded it. And this help always came on favorable terms for those who applied. In return, borrowers needed nothing more than to promise a socialist path of development.

It is known from history that our southern neighbor Afghanistan was the first to turn to Soviet Russia for help. In 1919, this country urgently needed weapons to wage a war for its independence against the British. And the Afghans got it.

The Soviet Union very generously paid for the dream of a world proletarian and peasant revolution, taking away the well-being of its own people. For the USSR, there was no one of its own people to take care of, for them there was a "man of labor" on the one hand and an exploiting capitalist on the other hand. At the same time, the peoples of the Union republics of the USSR supported them at the expense of the RSFSR. That is, they helped everyone all over the world, except the Russians in the RSFSR, who would be patient and wait for the sake of a world revolution.



After the war, when the USSR acquired the status of the second world power, assistance to developing countries, especially military-technical, acquired gigantic proportions.

Almost half of the shipments came from Eastern European countries, primarily the Warsaw Pact countries, as well as Vietnam, China, North Korea, Cuba, Laos, Mongolia, and Yugoslavia. Assistance was also provided to countries in the Middle East and Africa.

The USSR spent enormous funds and efforts to support Friendly regimes in developing countries.

According to Western data alone, from 1966 to 1975, the USSR provided developing countries with $9.2 billion worth of ammunition and military equipment, and from 1978 to 1982, $35.4 billion. The number of countries that received Soviet military aid in the 1970s and 1980s also grew rapidly. From 1966 to 1975, it was used by 29 countries, and from 1980 to 1984 by 36 countries.

It should be noted that the USSR's foreign policy towards the "third world" increasingly came into conflict with the country's genuine national interests - ensuring the well-being of its own people.

To the detriment of the financial situation of the Soviet people, huge material resources were spent on supporting often dubious pro-Soviet regimes, which, as a rule, later turned out to be unreliable allies.

The AID increased "year after year."
In 1950, Agreements with the PRC on the transfer of the Chinese Changchun Railway (b. CER) to the PRC, on the provision of a long-term loan to China in the amount of 300 million dollars, and on trade. Long-term trade agreements with Finland, Poland, Afghanistan, Czechoslovakia. Trade agreements with Albania, Poland, Romania, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, GDR, Finland, MNR, Iran, Belgium. Scientific and technical cooperation agreements with Romania and Bulgaria. The remaining amount of reparations from the GDR has been reduced by 50%.

In 1952, long-term agreements on mutual supplies of goods with Hungary and Finland. Agreement on granting Hungary a commodity loan in the amount of 100 million rubles. Protocols on the provision of technical assistance to China and Bulgaria have been signed. Agreement on scientific and technical cooperation with Albania. The USSR transferred part (66) of the Soviet enterprises in East Germany to the ownership of the GDR.

In 1953, trade agreements with Afghanistan, Argentina, France, India, and trade and payment agreements with Egypt. Trade agreements with Finland, MNR, Romania, China, Hungary, Bulgaria, Albania, Sweden, Poland, GDR, Norway, Iran, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, North Korea, Greece, Iceland, Italy, Afghanistan.

Agreements on the provision of technical assistance to India. Agreements on the provision of economic and technical assistance to the PRC and the DPRK and on the provision of a loan to the GDR (in the amount of 485 million rubles). Agreement on the exemption of the GDR from paying the remaining amount of reparations and on the gratuitous transfer of the remaining Soviet enterprises in East Germany to the GDR.

In 1953, Germany's reparations payments finally stopped. The amount of outstanding GDR obligations remaining at that time amounted to $2.7 billion. In 1953, an agreement was concluded between the USSR and the GDR to provide the GDR with a loan in foreign currency in the amount of 135 million US dollars. Soviet loans were provided on preferential terms – at 1-2% per annum. Even the World Bank did not provide such conditions.

In 1954, Agreements on the provision of loans to China (520 million rubles) and Albania (48 million rubles), as well as agreements on the provision of technical assistance to Bulgaria, China and Albania. Finland has been granted a loan (40 million rubles). The USSR transferred its share of participation in mixed societies previously formed in these countries to Romania, Bulgaria, Hungary and the PRC.
In 1955, the Agreement on granting a loan to Finland (40 million rubles).

Agreements on the provision of loans to Albania (60 million rubles), MNR (35 million rubles). An agreement on the construction of a metallurgical plant in India with a loan. Agreement on the provision of gratuitous economic assistance to the DRV in the total amount of 400 million rubles. Agreements on the provision of technical assistance to the DPRK. Agreements on scientific and technical cooperation with Finland, Yugoslavia, and the DPRK. Agreements on scientific and technical assistance in the peaceful uses of atomic energy with China, Poland, Czechoslovakia, Romania, the GDR, Hungary, and Bulgaria.

In 1956, Agreements on economic cooperation and technical assistance (including with the provision of loans): with Yugoslavia, Afghanistan (100 million dollars), Bulgaria (300 and 70 million rubles), China (2.5 billion rubles), MNR, DPRK, GDR, Indonesia (100 million dollars), Poland (100 and 700 million rubles), Hungary (100 million rubles), Romania, Albania (55 million rubles),

In 1957, Agreements on economic cooperation and technical assistance (including with the provision of loans): with the GDR (340 million rubles), Bulgaria (200 million rubles), Czechoslovakia, Afghanistan, Hungary (750 million rubles), Albania (160 million rubles), MNR (200 million rubles), Syria, India (500 million rubles), Burma, North Korea, as well as agreements on cooperation and technical In cooperation with Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia, Bulgaria, Hungary, the USSR donated to Iran the Soviet share of participation in the development of oil fields in Northern Iran.

In 1958, Agreements on economic cooperation and technical assistance (including with the provision of loans): with Ceylon (120 million rubles), Argentina (400 million rubles), the GDR, the DPRK, Bulgaria (130 million rubles), Hungary, Romania, the MNR, China, Poland, Egypt (400 million rubles for the supply of equipment for the Aswan dam). The Soviet Union provided loans to Iceland (50 million Icelandic crowns) and Finland (400-500 million rubles). Agreements on cooperation and technical assistance in the peaceful uses of atomic energy were concluded with Poland and Hungary.

In 1959, Agreements on economic cooperation and technical assistance (including with the provision of loans): with Indonesia, China, the People's Republic of China, Poland, the Democratic Republic of the Congo (100 million rubles), Iraq (550 million rubles), North Korea, Romania (180 million rubles), Afghanistan, Albania (300 million rubles), Guinea (140 million rubles), India (1.5 billion rubles), Ethiopia (400 million rubles), Bulgaria, Finland (up to 500 million rubles), Yemen, Czechoslovakia. Gratuitous assistance to Nepal (in the amount of 30 million rubles). Agreements on cooperation and technical assistance in the peaceful use of atomic energy have been concluded with Iraq, the DPRK, and Hungary.

In 1960, Agreements on economic cooperation and technical assistance (including with the provision of loans) were signed with Afghanistan, Czechoslovakia, Cuba ($100 million), Indonesia ($250 million), Guinea, Ethiopia, the GDR, Poland, the Democratic Republic of the Congo (350 million rubles and 430 million rubles), Iraq (180 million rubles), India (500 million rubles), Egypt (900 million rubles), Ghana (160 million rubles), Syria, MNR, Romania, Bulgaria (650 million rubles), North Korea. Agreements on cooperation with Indonesia and France in the peaceful uses of atomic energy. A protocol was signed to exempt the DPRK from payments on loans previously provided by the Soviet Union in the amount of 760 million rubles. (a deferral was granted for 140 million rubles).

In the late 1940s, Stalin decided to create a fund to assist fraternal communist parties. They took over the maintenance of parties and structures that pursued communist and socialist policies with the support of the USSR. Contributions were paid by the GDR, Hungary, Poland, Czechoslovakia, Bulgaria and the USSR. The fund was set at $25 million, a substantial sum for that time. But the “brothers” contributed no more than 10%, the rest was withdrawn from the Soviet budget. The Union sponsored the Communist parties from France, the USA, Finland and Israel more than others.

The training of highly qualified specialists in Soviet universities did not cost a penny to those who came to study from developing countries.

The Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (Comecon) was an intergovernmental economic organization that operated in 1949-1991. It was created by the decision of the economic meeting of representatives of Yugoslavia, Bulgaria, Hungary, Poland, Romania, Czechoslovakia, the GDR and the USSR. The COMECON headquarters was located in Moscow. Then join the countries of Cuba, Mongolia, Vietnam. Observer countries: Angola, Afghanistan, Iraq, Yemen, North Korea, Laos, Mexico, Mozambique, Nicaragua, Ethiopia.

During 1981-1985, with the technical assistance of the USSR, more than 400 industrial and agricultural facilities were built or reconstructed in the countries of the socialist camp.



In many countries, in many parts of the world, factories and plants, power plants and dams built thanks to Soviet, often gratuitous assistance, are still operating properly, and many types of military and other equipment supplied from the USSR during the times of developed socialism are still in service in the armies of many countries.

Thus, shortly before the collapse of the USSR, the total debt of all developing countries to the Soviet Union was 45 531.8 million. in foreign currency rubles. The foreign currency ruble became a special exchange rate used in foreign trade relations with other countries. Discussions are currently underway on how to convert a foreign currency ruble.

Of the total debt owed by the developing countries of the USSR, Africa accounted for 13,936.6 million. foreign currency rubles, of which 12,347 million for military supplies and 1589.6 million for economic assistance. in foreign currency rubles.
As for the countries of the "socialist orientation", they accounted for 9,335 million. foreign currency rubles, or 67%.

Algeria, Libya, Angola, Mozambique, and Ethiopia are among the main debtors for Soviet military aid. Libya's debt is 1589 million. foreign currency rubles - in 1991. Ethiopia owes 3,075 million. in foreign currency rubles.

Many states still owe money, but now it is no longer the USSR, but its successor Russia, which has forgiven these debts to these countries that owe it just like that.

The generous help of the USSR has cost us a lot. As of October 1992, the countries of the "third world" owed the USSR 146 billion dollars, the lion's share of which cannot be returned. At the same time, the Soviet Union itself owed about 81 billion dollars to capitalist countries. Russia paid off its debts to the USSR only in 2006.

Soviet AID to individual countries.
China.
How much the roles of Russia and China have changed over the past 30 years, who would have thought in the 1980s that China would become the world's 1st economy in the 21st century. The PRC, unencumbered by alliances and the cost of maintaining third countries, not only stayed afloat, but also got a chance for rapid development in the 90s of the 20th century.

The USSR could have repeated China's success in the 21st century if it had not paid an exorbitant price for the global revolution.

The lyrics of the song Moscow-Beijing, Russian and Chinese are brothers forever, corresponded fully to Soviet-Chinese relations at that time. The USSR is the elder, China is the younger brother, and the younger ones need to be helped.

It is known that in total, from October 1937 to September 1939, 985 aircraft, 82 T-26 tanks, 1,317 guns, 1,550 vehicles, 30 tractors, 14.025 machine guns, 164.5 million cartridges, 1.9 million were delivered to China. shells and 82,300 aerial bombs.

From the beginning of World War II to June 1941, additional batches of combat aircraft were delivered, and their total number amounted to 1,235 vehicles.
The financial side of supplies to China at that time is also completely unknown, it is only known that aircraft supplies were carried out under loan agreements of 1937-38. and the total amount of supplies of combat aircraft from October 37 to September 39 (985 units), including spare parts, weapons and training, amounted to 250 million dollars.

The post-war agreement with China on the CER, it states that after the end of World War II, under the agreement on the CER, Port Arthur and the Far East, the Soviet government donated to the Government of the People's Republic of China all its rights to jointly manage the CER, with all property belonging to the road.
After the defeat of Japan, the Soviet Union handed over to the PLA all its trophies captured from the Japanese, and these were all the numerous weapons of the former Japanese Kwantung army.

Under the loan agreement, the Soviet government provided China with a loan of 300 million to pay for supplies of industrial equipment and other materials from the Soviet Union for the restoration and development of China's national economy. USD on preferential terms of 1% per annum.



In addition to the Agreement, in a special note, it was also stated that the Government of the USSR decided to transfer free of charge to the Government of the People's Republic of China the property acquired by Soviet economic organizations from Japanese owners in Manchuria, as well as all the buildings of the former military camp in Beijing.

Spain.
The largest shipments of arms and military equipment to Spain in 1936-39, both in terms of quantity and financial scale, as well as in terms of the degree of export organization.
The figures regarding the cost of the Soviet supplies of military equipment also vary:
- In the book "The History of the Second World War," the total cost of military goods delivered to Spain is estimated at $202.4 million.
- Historian Yuri Rybalkin writes in his works: "The total amount of material supplied from the USSR from September 1936 to July 1938 alone amounted to $166,835,023. And for all shipments from October 1936 to August 1938, the republican authorities fully paid the entire amount owed to the Soviet Union in 171,236,088 US dollars."
- The English historian Gerald Howson cites the following figures in his book: "according to the RGVA supply list, the total cost of weapons delivered before August 5, 1937 was 131,567,580.7 US dollars (RGVA. F.33987. Op.3. D.1056. L.117). Fourteen flights in 1938 totaled $39,871,209 and the total amount was $171,438,789.7."

In Spain, the Communists lost to the capitalists.

CUBA.
On August 4, 1961, the USSR and Cuba signed an agreement on the supply of military equipment. The USSR pledged to supply Cuba with military equipment worth 48 million 500 thousand dollars, of which Cuba had to return only 6 million dollars. On September 30 of the same year, the second arms supply agreement from the USSR was signed. This time, the supplies were supposed to increase and amount to a total cost of 149 million 550 thousand dollars, of which the Cubans had to pay only 67 million 550 thousand. Under both agreements, a loan was given for 10 years at the rate of 2% per annum.

Egypt.
For some states, Soviet military and economic assistance turned out to be just a gift, such as Egypt, after it lost three wars in a row to Israel, the USSR restored almost all of its defense potential, as weapons, military and other equipment, building materials and many other materials were provided almost free of charge.

However, Egypt, an "ally," became an ally of the United States in 1976. And he forgot about loans and promises, forgave himself his debts.

Countries such as Cuba, Vietnam and Angola were able to defend their national independence only thanks to the military assistance of the USSR.



I have not yet mentioned Russia's assistance and debt cancellation to third countries. Who owe us. No country in the world has ever been involved in such charity. Therefore, if it were not for the wars and for the help of other countries. We would have been in first place a long time ago by a wide margin from any other country, including America. You would never have caught up with us.

Why was the West and USA afraid of the USSR?



A little about the USSR in numbers...
In the period before the collapse of the USSR, the economy of the Soviet Union was the second in the world and competed only with the US economy.

At the time of the collapse of the USSR, the US economy was only slightly more than 2 times larger in terms of GDP than the Soviet Union (2.66 trillion USSR versus 6 trillion US).

GDP per capita in the Soviet Union in 1990 was $9,211. For reference, the current GDP per capita in Russia for 2017 is $10,743.
That is, only 27 years later (from 1990 to 2017), we were able to exceed the GDP indicator from the collapse of the Soviet Union...
The population of the USSR in 1990 was 288.6 million people and annually only increased, on average, by 2 million people.

Which was incomparably better than the current demographic situation in Russia.
In addition to the high level of GDP and stable population growth, social programs for the population were also actively developed.

But we should not forget about the army and weapons.

In 1990, the Soviet Union employed about 4.5 million soldiers and the budget for maintaining the army was estimated at $219 billion, second only to the United States in terms of budget.

In terms of military contingent, the USSR was 1st in the world, and second in the world (after the United States) in terms of spending on the army and defense.
And this is without taking into account the nuclear potential of one of the superpowers of that period.

Based on a combination of factors, the USSR had the status of a "superpower", since it was a completely self-sufficient state in every sense.

Why was the West afraid of the USSR?

Now let's get to the facts. Indeed, looking at the USSR before its collapse, we can confidently say that such a country easily competed with the USA on the world stage.

Before the collapse of the Soviet Union, only two countries in the world had the status of "superpower". These were: the USSR and the USA.
There were nuclear weapons, the first in the world in terms of the number of military personnel, the second budget in the world for the defense industry and army (8% of GDP).

But it was not the army, or the nuclear weapons, or even the developing economy of the USSR that frightened the West to a greater extent, but a completely different fact...

Namely, ideology.

And the roots of this fear go back to the end of World War II.

The fact is that with the victory in World War II against fascism and Nazism, socialism showed its strength and ability to consolidate the nation against a single enemy.

Fascism and Nazism are two different socio-political ideologies.
But that's not all. After the war, socialism parties began to appear in almost every country.

The ideology of socialism can be described in just one phrase: "Proletarians of all fears, unite."

That is, the idea of ​​socialism promoted friendship between nations. And after the bloodiest war of the 20th century, this is exactly what people wanted.

And this is not even mentioning the First World War of 1914-1918, in which over 21 million people also died.
It was this fact that most frightened the United States and native Europe, which they called: "The Red Threat."

In simple words, after the victory of the socialism over the fascists and Nazis, the Soviet ideology became interesting to other countries, and the concept of friendship was liked by many.
And at that time, the socialism idea could well have captured the entire world without a single shot. This is what the West and the United States feared...


Demonization of socialism (communism) in the World in the 20th Century. The so-called "Red Menace".

Conclusion
It was the idea of ​​socialism and friendship of peoples that was the most terrible threat in the USA and Europe after the Second World War.

The West was very frightened by the spread of communist parties and ideology in many countries of the world during that period.

And the growth of the power of the USSR only strengthened the persistent opinion that this concept is the only correct one for the development of any state and the improvement of the life of the common worker.

For capitalist and bourgeois ideology, there is nothing more terrible than the power of the working class, the concept of equality and the nationalization of all production and extraction of minerals in the country for the benefit of the people.

Of course, such an idea is much closer to the common man, but not to the ruling class and the wealthy minority.
Therefore, in opposition to socialism ideology, enormous forces and means were thrown in order to equate socialism with Nazism, and to turn the "common good and friendship of peoples" into a "red threat".





"Workers of the world, unite!" (ПРОЛЕТАРИИ ВСЕХ СТРАН СОЕДИНЯЙТЕСЬ!) - This slogan of the Soviet power was written and described on the Soviet coat of arms and all posters! Capitalism was terribly afraid of him!

[Russian Bear]

To date, one year, 34 years have passed since the Soviet government collapsed, but it has not legally ceased to exist. Analysis of the main secrets of the USSR: who created it, who destroyed it, and does it still exist?

December 30, 1922 is the date of the formation of the USSR.

The questions that we will discuss, summarizing:
- Who destroyed the USSR?
- Who is its real creator?
- Was it doomed to collapse?
- And most importantly, many people say that The Soviet Union still exists - is this really the case? Now you will find out.
The information I have provided is based on available, verifiable facts. Start.


December 30, 1922 - the date of the formation of the USSR

The real creators of the USSR.

Let's start with the chronology of events, so to speak. Everyone knows perfectly well that the founder of the Soviet Union is the leader of the Bolsheviks, Vladimir Ilyich Lenin. He was the founder of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union; the main organizer and leader of the October Revolution of 1917; the first chairman of the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR, in fact, the head of state. A state created by communists led by Lenin, which many people imagine to be a separate country. You know, it's like a group of politicians has built a huge state out of nothing.


Vladimir Ilyich Lenin, April 22, 1870 - January 21, 1924 (age 53)

The main reason that the Soviet Union has become a great state is its vast territory, rich in natural resources and people who have lived in a single Fatherland for many years. With a single mentality, so to speak. And what is very important, for many centuries this united Fatherland was created not by communists, but by princes, tsars and emperors. That is, the foundation The Soviet state was not created by the Bolsheviks or Lenin. For some reason, Mexico or India were not union republics. The Union Republics are the territories that tsarist Russia gathered. It's just a fact. Thus, the foundation, the foundation, the main thing on which the Soviet Union stood was created for centuries. The Russian Empire was also a superpower and, at the end of its existence, was one of the five most powerful countries. The Soviet Union did not appear from scratch.


The Russian Empire

And the main conclusion from this is that the USSR is not a separate country. This is the same Russia, only with a different ideology from the previous authorities.

Secondly, the Soviet Union, as mentioned above, was formed in 1922 as a result of the signing of the treaty of the Soviets of four republics: the RSFSR, the Ukrainian SSR, the BSSR and the ZSFSR. To put it quite simply, after the collapse of the Russian Empire and the liquidation of the Russian Republic, which was headed by the Provisional Government. In various territories of greater Russia, supporters of communism come to power and reunify the country. Moreover, they unite as a kind of confederation, i.e. the country seems to be united, but de jure it is only a union of independent states. This political system was actively promoted by Lenin. By the way, Putin actively criticizes him for such a policy. Stalin was against such a political system and advocated a single state. But in the end, Lenin's position prevailed and the Soviet Union was created as a confederation. This happened in 1922. In the same year, Lenin's health deteriorated, Vladimir Ilyich gradually retired, and on January 21, 1924, at the age of 53, Lenin died. The cause of death was a cerebral hemorrhage. That is, as soon as the USSR was formed, its formal creator retired and died 2 years later. And in fact, it has nothing to do with the formation of the state that we know. Yes, they will object to me that he is one of the creators of the theory on which the country was built. But the theory, which, as told at the 20th Congress of the CPSU, Stalin abandoned. I would like to emphasize that almost all communists of the Soviet Union agreed with this. They agreed that Stalin was a tyrant and a ghoul, and it was the communists of the Soviet Union who began pouring slops on Stalin. The man who formally led the country from 1924 to 1953, that is, all the time of the real formation of the state that we know.


Stalin, Joseph Vissarionovich December 18, 1878 - March 5, 1953 (age 74)

All the fundamental pillars of this state were created by Stalin. Some of which Russia still uses. Well, as an example, apart from the numerous factories and enterprises that we use to this day, deterring the enemy from aggression is possible due to the fact that the USSR was led by such a strong leader as Stalin. And under his leadership, they created nuclear weapons in a short time. Space flight, industrialization, the elimination of illiteracy, affordable healthcare, electronics - in general, everything that the Soviet Union was proud of was conceived during Stalin's time.

And look, based on this, the real creator of the Soviet Union, which we know, can be called Stalin. If Stalin had been removed, either Trotsky, Kamenev, Zinoviev, or Bukharin would have become head of state. In general, those who are considered traitors.

They say that history does not tolerate the subjunctive mood. Tolerates it. Thanks to the analysis of alternative history, it is easy to conclude that if it had not been for Stalin, the Soviet Union would hardly have achieved success and would have sunk into oblivion. And they would remember him, like, say, the Russian Republic. Moreover, I believe that it is not ideology that is the main factor in a person's performance, but his character. If, for example, Stalin had been an emperor instead of a communist, he would also have led the country to great success. And thus, all that the Communists are proud of, pedaling the Soviet Union, firstly, is the merit of the activities of the Russian emperors, tsars and princes, and secondly, the character of Stalin. Or rather, his predisposition to be a manager, learning from his mistakes (of course, he also had mistakes, which he later took into account).

Was the USSR doomed to collapse?


The next misconception that has penetrated into many minds of our compatriots is that the Soviet Union was doomed to collapse.

Yes, of course, the country had problems that needed to be solved without fail. But the problems are minor, which could not lead to a situation where the state ceases to exist.

Well, for example, the Soviet Union had more serious problems at the beginning of its journey: when there was neither a strong economy nor international recognition, when people were starving, and again, the Great Patriotic War, the country survived all this. But when it became the second economy in the world, when it controlled half the planet, that's when, allegedly, it suddenly became doomed to collapse.

Some propagandists say that the USSR was heavily dependent on oil and the country's economy was shaken by falling oil prices. Check out this chart of oil prices for the 100 years since 1916.


Oil price chart (in dollars) for 100 years since 1916. Nominal prices - blue chart, Real prices - red chart

As you can see, the price increase occurred only in 1972, that is, after the state sent a man into space; after it won the largest war of our civilization; after the country became a great superpower. That is, as we can see, oil did not influence the formation of a great state at all. And here we are told that cheap oil ruined the state, which could independently produce all kinds of products necessary for existence. Again, the price of oil in 1988 was higher than in 1941. In those terrible years, the country resisted! How is it?

Also, pure facts. The Eighth Five-year Plan (1966-1970) was informally called the "Golden Five-Year Plan" due to its impressive economic performance. Over the past five years, national income has grown by 42%, gross industrial output by 51%, and agriculture by 21%. I wonder how it is? Could the Soviet Union have achieved this without the high price of oil?

And now it's going to be interesting.

From the report of the Central Committee of the CPSU to the XXVII Congress of 1986: "For a quarter of a century after the adoption of the third Program of the CPSU, the Soviet Union achieved impressive success... National income increased almost 4 times, industrial production - 5 times, agricultural - 1.7 times... Real income per capita increased 2.6 times. Public consumption funds - more than 5 times. 54 million apartments have been built, which has improved the living conditions of most families."

Pay attention to the year of the report - 1986. This is the time when, according to the stories of “experts", the Soviet Union was already doomed; at this time, the country should be a living corpse, according to Western propagandists.

And the most interesting thing is, do you know what's in this report? This report was read by none other than Mikhail Gorbachev. Yes, the one who, from about the same time, began to tell right and left that everything was gone, everything was bad, and restructuring was urgently needed.

In addition, data on per capita food consumption in the late 80s suggest that the citizens of the USSR not only did not starve, but even consumed more of the countries listed in this table, well, only the United States was inferior in meat production. In comparison with data from other decades, there was also an increase in food consumption up to the end of the 80s.



- The Soviet Union was one of the 10 most developed countries in the world - ranked 2nd.

- It was also one of the 10 most developed countries in the world according to the human development index - these are indicators of living standards, literacy, education and longevity.
- The USSR was one of the 5 countries in the world capable of independently producing all significant types of industrial products that existed at that time.
-Before perestroika, the Soviet Union was in the first place in the world in the production of almost all types of products of basic industries.

These are well-known facts, which, apparently, should indicate that the country was doomed.

As for the various shortages and queues at the shops, firstly, this phenomenon mainly occurred during Gorbachev's time. Secondly, it is an artificially created phenomenon. By the way, many people are well aware of this thanks to the famous program "600 seconds" and statements by a political figure of that time.

As mentioned above, the USSR was not doomed. On the contrary, our country had every opportunity to be the most developed country in the world today. This is perfectly demonstrated by China, which is also formally a communist country, which was twice as weak economically as the USSR. A simple calculation suggests that you can take today's China, in fact the first economy in the world, multiply by two and get the modern USSR. Relatively speaking, but still so.

Based on this, we can conclude that the USSR was not only not doomed to collapse, it was effective and promising, which means that it was eliminated purposefully.

Who really destroyed the USSR?



As you know, the Soviet Union was a socialist state in which there were no oligarchs, nobles of any other privileged classes, except the worker. In material terms, it looked like this: in the USSR, the wages of the highest and lowest social groups differed by 4 times (in modern Russia, this figure is 13). For the majority of the people, this position is fair and good, but not for officials, since they had all the attributes of a privileged class in their positions.: drivers, staff, vouchers to the best resorts, and after retirement, they lost all of this and became, so to speak, ordinary pensioners. And they wanted, like in the West, to have their ass wiped until they died. Thus, the country's ruling elite was interested in the return of capitalism. That's what they started to do - to restore capitalism. Gorbachev, Yeltsin and his entourage, who carried out reforms to restore capitalism, are excellent evidence of this. By the way, such figures appeared largely due to the reforms of Nikita Khrushchev, who achieved a ban on control over the activities of the party and the Soviet nomenklatura. That is, he made the party an untouchable caste, resulting in the emergence of many corrupt officials and later the liquidators of the Soviet Union. The party worker liked Khrushchev's ideas, of course: from now on, it means that their repressions will pass, and they supported him at the 20th Congress, when Stalin was defamed.

In general, if we talk about the perpetrators of the liquidation of a great country, first of all, it is the ruling elite of the state itself, whose main goal was to return capitalism so that one could enjoy all the benefits of the exploiters. But it is important to understand that they did not want the collapse of the country, they just wanted to change the political structure in order to be bourgeois. But the country has collapsed, which means that there is another force in this story that contributed to the largest geopolitical catastrophe of the twentieth century. Namely, these are the enemies of the USSR - the United States of America.

By the end of the twentieth century, according to fairly reputable researchers, the United States had no less problems than the USSR, and even more in some areas. Well, as an example, Monday, October 19, 1987, is the day on which the largest drop in the Dow Jones Industrial Average in its history occurred, at 22.6%. There's not even anything to talk about. In 1971, the United States defaulted, untethered the dollar from gold. Stupidly or for some other reason, the USSR did not finish off the United States at that time. As it was, their country was on edge.

Therefore, unlike the Soviet Union, it was vital for the United States to destroy its geopolitical opponent, the USSR, in order to prolong its life thanks to its resources. And they took this very seriously. According to Alexander Zinoviev, a Russian philosopher, writer, and sociologist, about 1,200 institutes studying the Soviet Union were established in the West, which studied the Soviet Union like a hunter studies an elephant in order to kill it with one shot. The United States understood perfectly well that it would not be possible to take the Soviet Union by force. Therefore, they acted cunningly: while the Soviet generals, as they say, were preparing for the last war, and the party nomenclature dreamed of personal butlers, the United States began to wage a psycho-information war, inspiring the right ideas for them to Soviet citizens through various channels.

Well, as an example, one of the main liquidators of the country is Gorbachev's closest associate Alexander Yakovlev, who, as many experts point out, was recruited by the United States. Moreover, Vyacheslav Generalov, Gorbachev's former head of security, claims that there are operational documents that prove Yakovlev's betrayal and he personally saw them.

Look at the picture that is emerging: while Soviet officials wanted to restore capitalism in the country in order to live like in the West, this very West actively recruited them, promising help. Instilling in them that the main enemy of the United States is not a big, strong country, but communism.
And the party nomenclature bought it. And that's why there was a situation in the country where everything seemed to be fine, even the Secretary General himself stated this in 1986, and then, bam! and it is necessary to change everything very quickly, otherwise it is not clear what will happen. In order for the people to believe in this, that everything needs to be changed, and they began to create an artificial shortage of goods, which was mentioned earlier. Well, other factors also played a role: the fact is that the Soviet people did not have enough spectacles. As they say, people need bread and circuses. The Soviet people had bread, but no circuses.

As a result, in the late 80s, the United States, like parasites, penetrated into all spheres of the Soviet Union and began to impose its ideology on our ruling elite. As a result, the situation turned out to be such that the United States wanted to destroy its geopolitical opponent and seize its resources, and the stupid, clumsy party nomenclature wanted a beautiful life. At a certain stage, they began to act together, and Gorbachev was appointed commander-in-chief of this process (for a politician, this is a rather stupid man, a follower, without an idea). It was he who legalized the destruction of the country. Well, how did you legalize it? He just signed laws that destroyed the state. As an example:
- Resolution of the USSR State Council No. GS-1 dated 09/06/1991. "On the recognition of the Independence of the Republic of Lithuania",
- Resolution of the USSR State Council No. GS-2 dated 09/06/1991. "On the recognition of the Independence of the Republic of Latvia",
- Resolution of the USSR State Council No. GS-3 dated 09/06/1991. "On the recognition of the independence of the Republic of Estonia."
That is, Gorbachev's decisions simply drove the territories out of the Soviet Union.
In addition, laws were passed under Mikhail Gorbachev's personal signature that led to the liquidation of state authorities: the KGB, various ministries and departments.:
- USSR Law No. 2392-1 of 05.09.1991 "On State Authorities and Administration of the USSR during the Transition period",
- USSR Law No. 124-N dated 03.12. 1991. "On the reorganization of State security agencies",
- Resolution of the USSR State Council No. GS-13 dated 11/14/1991 "On the abolition of ministries and other central government bodies of the USSR."
And understand the main thing, that this is all done consciously and on purpose! The man was purposefully killing the state. Yes, the rest of the party nomenclature stood behind him, but it was Gorbachev who signed the laws.

By the way, at the same time, understanding people tried to open a criminal case against Gorbachev, but the marked one himself closed it.


The newspaper calls for a criminal case to be opened against Gorbachev and Yeltsin for treason!

There are many more examples of how purposefully Gorbachev and his team destroyed the country.: These are the capitulation in Malta, the Emergency Committee, the new Union Treaty, and the referendum for the preservation of the USSR, which could be interpreted in different ways. There's a lot to tell. Maybe I'll release an even more detailed separate article, and as a result of the board, Misha the envelope, as it was called, I'll give you this picture "BEFORE" and "AFTER".



And now the most important thing is who is really the liquidator of the USSR, so this is primarily Mikhail Sergeevich Gorbachev. Yeltsin, Kravchuk and Shushkevich, from a legal point of view, only drank vodka in Belarus, but for some reason the whole world believes that they destroyed the USSR. Yes, they are traitors and traitors, but in the hierarchy of traitors who contributed to the liquidation of the country, they are much inferior to Gorbachev. Judge for yourself, what did they do? We gathered and signed an agreement on the establishment of the Commonwealth of Independent States. Okay, let's draw an analogy with today. The situation would be approximately the same if, say, the heads of the three republics of Russia gathered now, wrote some kind of treaty and declared that Russia had ceased to exist. Well, nonsense! They will simply be taken and imprisoned as separatists.

Yeltsin, Shushkevich and Kravchuk had no authority to decide the fate of the country. But Gorbachev played along with them, so to speak, and, in fact, by that time he had already destroyed the country. On December 8, 1991, when the Belovezhskaya Agreements were signed, the country practically did not exist anymore. Gorbachev beat her up, passed. He capitulated.
Well, now one of the most conspiracy topics is that the USSR still exists.

Does the USSR exist?
There are many reasons why they say that the USSR still exists. This is, for example, the provision that until recently, until about 2019, it was stated on the Official State Internet Portal of Legal Information that the Constitution of the USSR of 1977 is still in force.



It is also of interest to many that the United Nations documents list the Soviet Union among the members of the Security Council. Until now. That is, the USSR is listed in international law! This is the official website. Anyone can come in and check.

In addition, as already mentioned, the actions of Yeltsin, Kravchuk and Shushkevich could not liquidate the country. Gorbachev's own actions are also illegal and, from a legal point of view, could not have ended the existence of the state.

And most importantly, all 15 republics of the USSR did not comply with the law on secession from the Union, which means they did not legally withdraw from it. And the Council of Republics of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, which adopted the declaration on the termination of the existence of the USSR, is generally an illegal authority that is not provided for by the Constitution.

It is worth adding to this that according to the basic law, the Constitution, all power in the USSR belonged to the people, who on March 17, 1991, spoke in favor of preserving the USSR. Yes, there was a catch in the wording, but in fact, the people voted to save the country.

Based on this, absolutely all the facts indicate that the USSR exists de jure, i.e. legally. There are no legal documents that would say otherwise.

But it's all legal. In fact, in reality, of course, the country has been liquidated. But the fact that the USSR legally exists, Russia can be used internationally to regain territories that want unification.

It has already been said many times that there was a law on the withdrawal of republics from the USSR, according to which it was necessary to hold referendums on self-determination. This has not been done. And Russia, as the legal successor of the Soviet Union, can raise this issue and formally legalize the restoration of the country. Many people call this the restoration of the USSR.

That's short.

What conclusion can be drawn from all this information?
First of all, the USSR is the same Russia.
Secondly, the USSR was not doomed, but was purposefully destroyed.
Thirdly, Gorbachev is the main criminal who destroyed the country - he bears all the responsibility.
And fourthly, the USSR exists de jure, and this position can still be used in the international arena.

If you disagree with something, don't rush to accuse me of incompetence, maybe I just missed something important. There's still a lot to be said about these topics. But because you want to release the material early, you have to tell it briefly, sacrificing some information.

[ThePythonicCow]

Posted by Russian Bear (here)
The USSR and the USA are often compared as two opposing, competing formations, as two leaders of two different worlds – socialist and capitalist

The USSR and the USA of the last hundred years have quite different histories and have played quite different roles in the world ... I quite agree.

The long role of the American people, and (quite longer) of the Russian people, have some shared roots. In both cases, a variety of cultures and history occupy a large, resource rich land mass, and in both cases, they have been obstacles to, or tools of, the sea faring colonialists who have moved their headquarters across various cities and nations in Western Europe over the millenia.

Just as the roots of a tree matter as much to the strength of that tree as do its leaf bearing branches, even though the roots are less visible (unless you're a worm, perhaps), so do the roots of nation's resources and people matter as much as its public affairs.

Of course, the public affairs and histories of our nations are much more amenable to the extensive and detailed documentation and analysis, such as you're providing here.

[ThePythonicCow]

Posted by Russian Bear (here)
To date, one year, 34 years have passed since the Soviet government collapsed, but it has not legally ceased to exist. Analysis of the main secrets of the USSR: who created it, who destroyed it, and does it still exist?
...
Based on this, absolutely all the facts indicate that the USSR exists de jure, i.e. legally. There are no legal documents that would say otherwise.
...

If and when the people and republics of the formerly active USSR republics assert their continued choice to participate in such, as in a way has happened with Belarus, Crimea, eastern Ukraine and (I'd guess, but don't know) with the *stan's in the region of the Ural mountains, then I'd be hard pressed to object.

When the people in a region adamantly reject such an association, such as now in central and western Ukraine, I would be hard pressed to consider the constitution of the USSR as still applying there, in any way.

[Russian Bear]

The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics

- The abbreviation of the USSR stands for "Union of Soviet Socialist Republics".

-A state that existed for 68 full years: from 1922 to 1991.
- The state was formed 5 years after the October Revolution, which, in turn, overthrew the Provisional Government.
- And that, in turn, forced Emperor Nicholas II to abdicate in March 1917.
- It was not the Bolsheviks or Lenin who organized the first revolution and overthrew the emperor, but the February bourgeois-democratic revolution with the treacherous elite of the country at its head.
After the October Revolution of 1917, the Bolsheviks came to power. The Bolsheviks are the radical wing of the Russian Social Democratic Workers' Party. In the future, this will be the famous party of the CPSU - the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.

The USSR was formed on the ruins of the Russian Empire, with some territorial differences. And before the collapse in 1991, the area of the Soviet Union was 22,402,200 km2, which is more than the Russian Empire before its collapse, which in 1917 occupied 21,800,251 km2. By the way, in 1895 the territory of the Russian Empire was 22,800,000 km2.

The population of the Soviet Union was 293,047,571 people.


The Soviet Union is a project of followers of the communist idea, the leader of which was Vladimir Ulyanov (Lenin).

Communism is the idea of social equality (for example, in the USSR, wages for higher and lower social groups differed by 4 times; in modern Russia, this indicator is 13). Everyone is equal, i.e. there are no privileged classes such as nobles. The USSR was the only country in the world where, throughout its history, the vast majority of the members of the supreme governing body: the Politburo of the Central Committee of the CPSU, as well as all the top leaders of the state, except Lenin, were from poor families and were of working-class and peasant origin.
In the Soviet Union, everything belonged to society and the state, i.e. there were no private companies and enterprises. Although there were exceptions in the form of artels, the presence of which mainly occurred during Stalin's time.

"Each according to his abilities, each according to his needs" is the slogan of the Communists. This meant that in a communist society, ideally, everything should be free. In return, just work hard.
After Lenin's death in 1924, there was a struggle for power, as a result of which Stalin became the head of state.



The head of state of the USSR is considered to be the head of the party. But before his death, Stalin was not officially the head of the party, but was one of the secretaries of the Central Committee of the Communist Party and chairman of the people's commissars. It's about like the current Prime Minister.

After Stalin's death (Stalin was poisoned), Malenkov took over his post as chairman of the People's Commissars and became de facto head of state. At the same time, Khrushchev creates and holds the post of First Secretary of the Central Committee of the CPSU, and officially becomes head of state, dismisses Malenkov and takes his post.



But let's go back a little bit to the Stalinist period, because this time is the most interesting and eventful. In the pre-war period, the Soviet Union achieved high rates of economic growth, thanks to collectivization and industrialization. In fact, collectivization and industrialization cannot be separated.

Collectivization is the creation of collective farms and state farms, by combining private peasant farms into collective farms, in order, firstly, to feed the workers in the factories; and secondly, to have a place to supply heavy machinery created by these very workers in the factories.

And the creation of heavy machinery and factories is industrialization.
Yes, collectivization was very difficult, because no one wanted to give their property to collective farms. But only collective farms and state farms could operate the new heavy machinery - ordinary peasants would not be able to afford new tractors and combines. This means that labor productivity would be many times lower.
And there was a war ahead. And if in 1924 the USSR was a backward agrarian country, then by 1941 it was already an industrial industrial country.

In the 12 years since 1928, approximately 9,000 new enterprises have opened in the country. And in the pre-war period, a new enterprise was opened every 7 hours!



During the same period, there were the so-called Stalinist repressions.
This is a separate issue, many innocent people were killed and maimed.

Also during the Soviet period many people suffered during the revolution and after.
1) The murder of God's legitimate Tsar Nicholas II. The Soviet power was already built on murder and spilled blood and on the bones of the legitimate God's Tsar Nicholas II with his family and loyal people. Despite the fact that the Tsar abdicated the throne, the hatred of the communists led to the fact that they cruelly destroyed the legitimate Tsar with his family and the people loyal to the Tsar.
2) Dispossession of kulaks (people (the middle class and even those who lived below the average minimum) were robbed of their honestly earned property and food, their farms and houses. After that, their property was given to poor communists who had never worked hard in their lives to even build a house). Imagine that a person only had a house and one cow, he was already a kulak by the standards of the revolution. The communist revolutionaries took the latter from him and the person became a homeless person thrown out into the street.
3) Holodomors in Russia and Ukraine
4) Repression of innocent people without trial or investigation (without evidence
5) Fight against Faith, Religion, persecution of Christians

We will separately examine all these terrible sins of the Soviet power:
https://projectavalon.net/forum4/sho...=1#post1684143


The photograph "Combat", taken by Soviet photographer Max Alpert in 1942, shows a commander urging soldiers to attack with a TT pistol in his hand just seconds before his death.

Source: https://youtube.com/watch?v=aFyY0VvJY20

During Stalin's time, the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945 occurred, in which the Soviet Union defeated Nazi Germany, which attacked the USSR. During this war period, more than 27 million Soviet citizens died. 14 million of whom were civilians.
40) 💣💣💣(History, World War II USSR) Soviet Storm. World War 2 in the East
https://projectavalon.net/forum4/sho...=1#post1663735



Immediately after the war, in March 1946, former British Prime Minister Winston Churchill delivered his famous speech in the American city of Fulton - this date became the starting point of the Cold War. In this speech, it was said about the exclusivity of America and Great Britain and that they should preserve world peace.

Then, just 4 years after the war, the USSR successfully tests nuclear weapons. And in 1953, the world's first hydrogen bomb was tested.

If the Cold War was previously a secret war, then it became open: 31) 💣🤬(History) How the US and Britain Prepared to Attack the USSR: Operation Unthinkable
https://projectavalon.net/forum4/sho...=1#post1665172



In 1957, the Soviet Union launched the world's first satellite into space, and on April 12, 1961, Yuri Gagarin became the first person in world history to fly into outer space.
43) 🚀🎖️🙂(History) USSR - the first man in space and the first satellite in the world.
https://projectavalon.net/forum4/sho...=1#post1672107

The Khrushchev era of 1953-1964 is considered to be a period of thaw. The thaw occurred after Stalin's rule. In fact, it is a simple change of economic and political course, in many ways not in a favorable direction for the country.


But Khrushchev's time was the most acute moment of the Cold War.


The Caribbean crisis

But Khrushchev's time was the most acute moment of the Cold War, which in October 1962 almost turned into the Third World War. This was caused by the US deployment of nuclear weapons in Turkey. After that, the Soviet Union responded by secretly transporting its missiles to the island of Cuba, which was located near the United States in the Caribbean Sea and where there was a friendly regime of government. It is worth saying that the Soviet Union did not violate any agreements or international rights by its actions at that time. But the United States, having learned about the transfer of Soviet missiles, violated international law when 180 ships of the US Navy surrounded Cuba and blocked the island. Khrushchev further stated that this blockade was illegal and that any ship flying the Soviet flag would ignore it. He threatened that if the Soviet ships were attacked by American ships, a retaliatory strike would follow immediately. But since no one wanted World Nuclear War 3, the countries still managed to come to an agreement. It was agreed that the United States would remove its nuclear weapons from Turkey, and the Soviet Union from Cuba.

33) 💀💀💀⛔⛔⛔(History, Cold War) USSR and USA are on the brink of nuclear war and World War III
https://projectavalon.net/forum4/sho...=1#post1665101

It is unclear what the United States hoped for by deploying nuclear weapons near the borders of the USSR during the Cold War.

In 1964, at a party meeting, it was decided to dismiss Khrushchev and remove him from all posts. The official reason is "for health reasons," but in reality it is because of failed reforms and many political mistakes.


After Khrushchev, Leonid Ilyich Brezhnev holds the post of first secretary.

After Khrushchev, Leonid Ilyich Brezhnev holds the post of First Secretary. This is the browed guy who loved to kiss. The time of Brezhnev's rule is considered the most prosperous for the USSR. Of course, it was not thanks to Brezhnev (although he also made his contribution) - they came to this period with hard work, starting with the first Stalinist five-year plans.



Everything that could develop developed in the Soviet Union: sports, science, industry, and agriculture.



The Soviet Union was one of the 10 most developed countries - ranked 2nd; it was also one of the 10 most developed countries in the world according to the human development index - these are indicators of living standards, literacy, education and longevity.
The USSR was one of the 5 countries in the world capable of independently producing all significant types of industrial products that existed at that time.



The Brezhnev era was also characterized by record rates of housing construction: approximately 60 million m2 per year. That from 1964 to 1985 amounted to one billion two hundred million square meters of living space. This is 30,000,000 apartments. Many of which were given out for free!

In 1980, the Soviet Union ranked second in the world in terms of industrial and agricultural production.
The USSR was in the first place in the world in the production of almost all types of products of basic industries: oil, steel, cast iron, metal-cutting machines, diesel locomotives, electric locomotives, tractors, etc.



Naturally, not everything was smooth in the USSR. Since there were no private enterprises in the country and the production of consumer goods by citizens was regulated by the planning department, rather than demand, there was a shortage of food. There were huge queues for many products. But this phenomenon mainly occurred during Gorbachev's time.

Plus, the Soviet Union supported friendly countries around the world for free, pouring billions of dollars into them. For example, during the Afghan War, the Soviet Union poured 150 billion dollars into Afghanistan (adjusted for inflation).

After Brezhnev's death in 1982, the Head of the KGB (the KGB is the State Security Committee, today's equivalent in Russia is the FSB), Yuri Vladimirovich Andropov, came to power.


Yuri Vladimirovich Andropov was a Soviet statesman and politician, the leader of the USSR in 1982-1984

Under his rule, the world was on the brink of war with America and destruction, although he did everything to establish diplomatic relations:



33) 💀⛔(History, Cold War) USSR and USA are on the brink of nuclear war and World War III
https://projectavalon.net/forum4/sho...=1#post1665101


In large cities, police raids began to be conducted during working hours in crowded places in order to identify work absentees.

He was a proponent of strict discipline and new reforms. For example, in large cities, during working hours, police raids began to be conducted in cinemas, large department stores and other crowded places, during which documents were checked in order to identify truants who did not go to work.

Also, many historians claim that Andropov's actions greatly contributed to the liquidation of the Soviet Union. But this is a separate topic.
Less than a year later, Andropov's health began to deteriorate, and on February 9, 1984, after 1 year and 3 months of rule, Andropov died (He was killed by medics).
Konstantin Ustinovich Chernenko replaces Andropov. Chernenko was in power even less than Andropov - 1 year and 25 days (Was poisoned). During Chernenko's reign, several failed projects were undertaken, such as the complete political rehabilitation of Stalin. Let me remind you that after Stalin's death, Khrushchev at the Twentieth Party Congress accused Stalin of repression, and indeed of everything possible.


Khrushchev, at the Twentieth Party Congress, accused Stalin of repression, and indeed of everything possible.

It is worth noting that during Stalin's time the repressions were called "Yezhov's". Yezhov was People's Commissar of the NKVD from 1936 to 1938 (this is about how the head of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and the FSB are now in one person) and during these 2 years 85% of the total number of those executed for counterrevolutionary and other particularly dangerous state crimes during the entire conditional "Stalinist period" (from 1921 to 1953) were shot. Yezhov himself was arrested in 1939, and shot in 1940.

March 10, 1985. Konstantin Ustinovich Chernenko died of cardiac arrest and was unable to rehabilitate Stalin.

Mikhail Gorbachev was elected as his successor the very next day.

Well, what can I say about Gorbachev? I think this picture before and after says a lot about this man.



When he came to power, he began to destroy everything that the Soviet people had created. This period is called "perestroika", which led to the fact that the Soviet Union ceased to exist. But studying the information, you begin to understand that Gorbachev and his supporters tried very hard to do this intentionally.

Having betrayed the people and his country, Gorbachev illegally liquidated the authorities of the Soviet Union, expelled the republics belonging to the Union, and on December 25, 1991, in a televised address to the people, announced the termination of his activities as President of the USSR, citing the fact that someone had signed something in Belarus, namely Belovezhskoye an agreement that, from a legal point of view, could not serve as a basis for the termination of the existence of the country at all.

On the same day, the national flag of the USSR was lowered over the Kremlin.

On the following day, December 26, 1991, the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics de facto ceased to exist.



Where Gorbachev's betrayal began: interesting facts

Fact #1: Ambition and suggestibility
After World War II, Western countries quickly forgot all the horrors of wartime and the fact that without the victory of the Soviet Union, most of the population of Europe would have gone into the furnace of Hitler's crematoriums. The consequence of such forgetfulness was attempts to subjugate the USSR, to impose their conditions on our huge country, or at least to destroy the most powerful state in the world.

That is why the West was looking for means to begin to undermine the Union from within. When Gorbachev and his wife Raisa Maksimovna went to France in 1966, they were noticed by MI6 officers there. From then on, Gorbachev began to be worked on and subsequently recruited.


The Gorbachevs in Nice in the 1970s

As is known, the Gorbachev couple often went abroad on Mikhail Sergeyevich's official business. He was invited to a variety of countries: in 1971, for example, he paid another visit to the communists of Italy, in 1975 he visited the FRG, and in 1976 he went to Paris again.

Incidentally, France provided the greatest opportunities for surveillance of the Soviet official: there he was watched not only by intelligence officers, but also by anthropologists and psychologists. And as it turned out, "the game was worth the candle": Gorbachev became the very instrument that broke the huge state into independent pieces.

Margaret Thatcher, the Prime Minister of Great Britain, gave Gorbachev the following description in absentia:

"We thought about the possible coming to power from our hand of a person, thanks to whom we will implement our plans. This is the assessment of my experts (I formed an extremely qualified group of experts on the Soviet Union and even facilitated, as necessary, additional emigration from the USSR of the specialists we needed). Gorbachev is such a person, because he is careless, suggestible and rather ambitious. He has normal relations with the Soviet political elite, and therefore I see his coming to power with our help as possible...”

That is what they thought in the West. It was not for nothing that they studied Gorbachev’s entire background, carefully preparing him for “power”. What else can I add? They did a great job, didn’t they?

Fact 2. Selling the secrets of the USSR
Mikhail Sergeyevich, shortly before he was appointed General Secretary after the death of Yuri Andropov, went on another visit to England. That delegation, in essence, was of little significance – just a friendly visit. It was during this visit that Gorbachev met Thatcher for the first time.

And it was then that something happened that no one expected from Gorbachev, even those who recruited him. During a reception in Thatcher's office, Gorbachev suddenly pulled out a secret map of the USSR, which showed all the locations of nuclear installations. He also showed a plan for strikes on Great Britain in the event of any threat from it.

In short, the future General Secretary revealed all the cards then. And after some time, he was appointed to the highest post in the country. What a coincidence, isn't it? Why did this prank of Gorbachev's then go unpunished? Or did they already know in higher circles that it was not worth messing with him, because things were already heading towards the collapse of the entire Soviet system?


Gorbachev and Thatcher in 1984

This prank became the first major betrayal by Mikhail Gorbachev. After 2 years, he began to destroy the state, destabilize the economy, allowing "imports from abroad", disarm the country, and distribute territories left and right. The USSR began to rapidly lose its positions on the world stage, and no one listened to the opinions of representatives of our country. And who will listen to a buffoon who caused famine and war in his homeland, humiliated and gradually destroyed his own people?

Fact 3. Matthias Rust's plane on Red Square: Gorbachev's role and the actions of the secret services

May 28, 1987, Border Guard Day, shook the entire Soviet Union - a foreign plane with German Matthias Rust landed right in the center of Moscow. And not just landed, but also rode all the way to Red Square.

19-year-old Matthias, looking superficially, seems like a dunce - an adventurer who decided on an adventure, a flight on a Cessna-172 sports plane across a foreign border, territory without permission.

But everything is much sadder: there was no spontaneous flight, but a provocation developed by Western secret services together with traitors to the Motherland in the USSR. And Gorbachev played the main role here, he needed a pretext to remove people disloyal to him in the Army.

A series of coincidences or betrayal?

More likely the latter, too many coincidences. What do they usually do with air intruders? They shoot them down or force them to land.

And here - Rust's plane is flying over Pskov, where training flights were taking place at the time, and the dispatcher assigns him the status of "one of their own", flies over Lake Seliger - they see him, but decide that it is a rescue ship. And only then do they discover the intruder, but even then they consider him one of their own, Soviet. It is rather strange, after all, the pilots are fighters, they all graduated from the Higher School and understand aircraft models, and then one fighter raised in the air reports a Soviet Yak-12.


The detention of Matthias Rust is strange, don't you think? The flag of the FRG is standing so freely on the plane, not even in handcuffs, how could it be confused with the Yak-12?

But here too, he flies and flies in our air defense zone, our MIGs have been tracking him in the air for 4 hours, but they have not received an order to shoot him down or force him to land. So freely, Matias Rust landed, drove along Vasilievsky Spusk all the way to Red Square. And here on the ground, no one detained him until he came to a complete stop.

Gorbachev's role in this incident

Yes, the most important one, perhaps. The day before, Gorbachev was left with maps of how the air defense (anti-aircraft defense) works, and he did not return them, "lost" them, and on May 27, they did not change the border of the "dead zones", although they should have done so daily. Rust mainly flew through these zones.

And the air defense itself was turned off that day "for preventive purposes". As we can see, not only Gorbachev participated in this, there were also accomplices in the military leadership. This is also confirmed by the fact that Rust's plane was fully fueled, which is impossible after a thousand-kilometer flight across the country. This means that somewhere "our people" refueled him.


Court. Mathias Rust
They removed the military leadership, and let Mathias go

The provocation was a success, many heads rolled in the military leadership of the USSR, and even the Minister of Defense Marshal Sokolov was not spared.

And Rust, one might say, was simply reprimanded: they "investigated" the case for 3 months, on the third day of the trial he was sentenced to 4 years of imprisonment, but he did not even serve a year, he was amnestied and expelled from the country.


Fact 4. During the negotiations at the Malta Summit in 1989, Mikhail Gorbachev made colossal concessions that ensured the military and political dominance of the United States on the entire planet, and the USSR lost its foreign policy influence.

At a meeting with George Bush Sr. in Malta, Mikhail Gorbachev made it clear that Moscow would not interfere in the destructive processes in the countries of the socialist camp. This became high treason.

[Russian Bear]

Posted by ThePythonicCow (here)

Posted by Russian Bear (here)
To date, one year, 34 years have passed since the Soviet government collapsed, but it has not legally ceased to exist. Analysis of the main secrets of the USSR: who created it, who destroyed it, and does it still exist?
...
Based on this, absolutely all the facts indicate that the USSR exists de jure, i.e. legally. There are no legal documents that would say otherwise.
...

If and when the people and republics of the formerly active USSR republics assert their continued choice to participate in such, as in a way has happened with Belarus, Crimea, eastern Ukraine and (I'd guess, but don't know) with the *stan's in the region of the Ural mountains, then I'd be hard pressed to object.

When the people in a region adamantly reject such an association, such as now in central and western Ukraine, I would be hard pressed to consider the constitution of the USSR as still applying there, in any way.

65) ⚔️🤝How the Baltics became Russian
https://projectavalon.net/forum4/sho...=1#post1679625

What will happen if Russia revokes the independence of the Baltic States? One of the ways to peace in the post-Soviet space.

In Russia, there are often calls to revoke recognition of the independence of the Baltics:
➡ Lithuania,
➡ Estonia and
➡ Latvia.

❓ Let me briefly explain what this all means?
❓ Is this possible?
❓ What will it lead to?
❓ And why?


The Soviet Union consisted of 15 republics that could leave it according to a certain procedure, prescribed in the law of April 4, 1990.

Understand that this is a very important law that resolved all contentious issues between the union republics.

For example, like in a divorce, when you need to divide property, children, and the like. So it is here.

But absolutely all the republics, with Gorbachev's consent, spat on this law and left the USSR, seizing everything they wanted and those who did not want to stay with them.

For example:
❌ Crimea,
❌ Donbass,
❌ Nagorno-Karabakh,
❌ Transnistria.

And it is very important to understand that this is precisely why wars are happening in the post-Soviet space now, because then no one began to enforce the law.



Gangs of separatists in the Soviet republics
⛔️ took not their territories,
⛔️ not their property and
⛔️ not their people,
and said: “We will now live like this - independently!”

❓ And for what reason?

✅ But all these territories, according to the law, should have held referendums, where the people themselves should have determined their own fate.

✅ Voting should have taken place both throughout the republics,
✅ and in some areas, like Crimea.

(History) The collapse of the USSR. How the Russians were betrayed: the collapse of the USSR is the final division of the Russian people [There is information about voting here]
https://projectavalon.net/forum4/sho...=1#post1664094



❌ But the people were not allowed to do this and
❌ went down the path of lawlessness,
❌ which ultimately led to armed conflicts.

To stop wars, it is necessary to destroy the foundation on which armed conflicts in the post-Soviet space are based - turn to the law.
To revoke recognition of the independence of the Baltics means to take the legal path.

Naturally, the Baltics will not agree with this.
Okay. Then we get this very law and peacefully begin to talk according to all domestic and international rules.

This precedent will ultimately lead to the need to hold referendums in all former republics of the USSR.

And many regions, naturally, will vote for reunification with Russia.

This is correct and, what is important, legal.

The exit is where the entrance is.
In 1991, we took the wrong turn.

☑️ If we want peace, we return to the law and correct the situation.
❌ Another option: everyone fights very hard, and then we come to an agreement.
That is, it turns out the same, only with many victims.

But Russia itself cannot be the first to attack any country, due to political mistakes.

The answer is simple: if Russia is provoked into war and the Baltics are made a military base.
44) 💥💥💥(History, Policy) The story of how Russia became an "aggressor". The history of relations between Russia and the West.
https://projectavalon.net/forum4/sho...=1#post1672075
Russia has every right to start military actions in its defense, but if we go there, these territories will already be ours.

Why can Russia revoke the independence of other countries? Because it is the successor and legal successor of the USSR.

[ThePythonicCow]

Posted by Russian Bear (here)
In Russia, there are often calls to revoke recognition of the independence of the Baltics:

When an aggrieved party has failed to pursue what it reasonably considers to be its legal right for over 30 years, that makes it more difficult to bring such a case into serious consideration.

If I were the deciding judge of such a case (a role for which I am woefully unqualified), I would want it decided by a vote of the citizens of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania.

If such a vote could be fairly held (I doubt it could, but if it could be), do you have any speculations as to how the citizens of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania would vote?

Certainly the vote in the Crimea was firmly pro-Russian, as I figured it would be and should be. But the citizens of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania have, I would presume, been told that they are "Not Russia" for over 30 years now. I would not expect as clear a result as we saw from the vote in Crimea.

The primary opponent for many centuries of Russia has been the Empire of the Seas ... known in recent centuries as the the British Empire, and since early 1900's, its Big Dog America. One can see this dynamic in the considerable energy that the British Empire has put into depriving or limiting Russia's access to the open sea, both in the Baltics and in Crimea.

There is currently no World Court that I would trust with such a decision, made "from the bench". Until the "world order" is dramatically healed, I do not see how such a Court could be created, be trusted, or how its Constitution fairly written and globally adopted, fairly respecting the legal rights and constraints of all the peoples and nations of the world.

The law should be the law, even globally. On the global scale, it is not, and never has been that I know of. We need to fix that ... not an easy task.

Posted by Russian Bear (here)
Why can Russia revoke the independence of other countries? Because it is the successor and legal successor of the USSR.

Legally, that may well be the case, as you clearly make. For now, only Russian necessity and military strength could realize this revocation however.

[Russian Bear]

The Great Sins of the Soviet Union

1) The murder of God's legitimate Tsar Nicholas II. The Soviet power was already built on murder and spilled blood and on the bones of the legitimate God's Tsar Nicholas II with his family and loyal people. Despite the fact that the Tsar abdicated the throne, the hatred of the communists led to the fact that they cruelly destroyed the legitimate Tsar with his family and the people loyal to the Tsar.
Nikolay 2 (THE ROMANOVS) Russian documentaries with English dubbing
https://projectavalon.net/forum4/sho...=1#post1683077

2) Dispossession of kulaks (people (the middle class and even those who lived below the average minimum) were robbed of their honestly earned property and food, their farms and houses. After that, their property was given to poor communists who had never worked hard in their lives to even build a house). Imagine that a person only had a house and one cow, he was already a kulak by the standards of the revolution. The communist revolutionaries took the latter from him and the person became a homeless person thrown out into the street.
3) Holodomors in Russia and Ukraine
4) Repression of innocent people without trial or investigation (without evidence)
5) Fight against Faith, Religion, persecution of Christians (Orthodoxy)

We will separately examine all these terrible sins of the Soviet power.



The Soviet government did a lot of spiritual harm to the Russian people, an irreversible process from which we still cannot recover.

The first most terrible sin of the Soviet power! Militancy against the Holy God

Source: https://youtube.com/watch?v=OOLXDcWga3Q

Source: https://youtube.com/watch?v=uH1kVc1epZ0

"The name of God must be forgotten throughout the USSR"

The fight against Orthodoxy began in Russia back in 1917, immediately after the revolution, led by Lenin. This fight acquired a truly systemic and inhumane character, the Soviet government believed that the main and last enemy in the matter of building a bright future was the Church. On May 15, 1932, the beginning of the "godless five-year plan" in the USSR was announced.

It is noteworthy that labor "five-year plans" were invented back in the Russian Empire. This is where the Soviet five-year plans, including the "godless" ones, originate. The anti-church campaign started under the slogan "Down with obscurantism!", and its main goal was declared to be the education of the working people. Subsequently, "education" grew into mass terror, designed to completely destroy all religious organizations that existed in the country.

"Religion is the opium of the people!" The history of the first twenty years of the struggle with the church and the people

In 1932, Stalin announced the beginning of the "godless five-year plan", setting the goal that by May 1, 1937, the name of God should be forgotten throughout the country.

It all began with mass "brainwashing", in which the Union of Militant Atheists, headed by the head of the special Anti-Religious Commission under the Central Committee of the RCP (b) Yemelyan Yaroslavsky, played a special role. Back in December 1922, with his light hand, the newspaper "Bezbozhnik" began to be published. And in the fall of 1923, when the issue of "forms and methods of anti-religious propaganda in the village" was discussed at a meeting of the Anti-Religious Commission, Yaroslavsky proposed organizing circles of militant atheists.

In April 1925, a congress of the Society of Friends of the newspaper “Bezbozhnik” was held in Moscow, which marked the beginning of the Union of Atheists of the USSR, which in 1929 was renamed the Union of Militant Atheists, the main slogans of which were: “Through atheism to communism” and “The fight against religion is the fight for communism.”



In June 1929, when the militant atheists held their 2nd congress, 1,200 delegates were present, representing about half a million ideological fighters against the "religious dope".

And by 1932, when the "godless five-year plan" was declared by a government decree signed by Stalin, there were already over 5 million militant atheists, united in more than 60 thousand cells.

The circulation of anti-religious literature grew year after year: in 1930, more than 50 million copies were published, the circulation of the newspaper "Bezbozhnik" in 1931 reached half a million, and the magazine with the same name - 200 thousand. Circles of young atheists were organized everywhere, by the end of 1931 there were 2 million people in them. In 1932, the first volume of Yaroslavsky's five-volume collection "Against Religion and the Church" was published.

The creation of state anti-religious workers' universities began - special educational institutions for training personnel for a decisive attack on religion.

In 1931, there were over 3,000 "godless shock brigades", over 100 "godless shock workshops" and factories, and about 300 "godless collective farms" in the country. By the end of 1932, it was planned to increase the number of atheists to 8 million people. And the number of young fighters against "obscurantism and clericalism" was to increase to 10 million.

The plan for the liquidation of religion by 1937 was drawn up in the Anti-Religious Commission. According to this plan, all churches and prayer houses were to be closed by 1932-1933, all religious traditions instilled by literature and family were to disappear by 1933-1934, the country and especially the youth were to be covered with total anti-religious propaganda by 1934-1935, the last clergy were to be destroyed by 1935-1936, and by 1937 the very memory of God was to disappear from life.

But the consciousness of the people turned out to be very conservative. The 1937 population census, in the questionnaires of which, by order of Stalin, an item on religion was included, revealed a surprising picture: of the 30 million illiterate citizens of the USSR over 16 years old, 84% (25 million) recognized themselves as believers, and of the 68.5 million literate - 45% (more than 30 million).

The Russian people professed the Orthodox faith in God under threat of death, knowing that they would be repressed for this. But the Soviet government understood that it was impossible to repress the entire country!

The results of the census were classified and they decided to switch to a more familiar tactic: the years 1937-1938 saw the peak of the destruction of the clergy, including the loyal ones, who had fulfilled their schismatic role in the 1920s and were now unnecessary.

In 1937, the mass closure of churches resumed. In 1935-1936, about 10,000 churches were closed, in 1937 - 8,000, in 1938, more than 6,000 churches ceased to function.

But churches were closed even after that. According to modern updated data, of the pre-revolutionary Russian churches, about 350-400 were functioning at the beginning of the war, that is, in 1939, 1940, 1941, 300-400 churches were closed annually.

The liturgical life of the Russian Church suffered a terrible blow, but it did not stop completely, even in places where there were no functioning churches left. Many clergy went underground and ministered to the faithful in secret. Brainwashing did not stop either. The Union of Militant Atheists involved the Komsomol and trade unions in its "educational" work. In 1938, on the initiative of Yaroslavsky, the Department of History and Philosophy of the USSR Academy of Sciences began to prepare a two-volume work on the history of religion and atheism. And in 1940, a permanent postgraduate program on the history of religion and atheism was organized within the Academy of Sciences.

In 1935-1941, the clergy and laity were physically exterminated. As a result, the Church suffered such heavy losses that the consequences are still felt today.

The most incredible charges were brought against those arrested - espionage, sabotage, terror. Thus, Archbishop Seraphim (Ostroumov) of Smolensk was accused of leading a gang of counter-revolutionaries. In Gorky in 1937, a typical trial took place in which the local clergy were accused of organizing an "underground fascist center" that "committed terrorist acts and espionage through nuns and believers." Similar trials took place everywhere.

If in 1934 6 bishops were arrested, then in 1935 - 14, in 1936 - 20. As a result, on May 10, 1935, Metropolitan Sergius (Stragorodsky) was forced to dissolve the Provisional Patriarchal Synod and govern all the dioceses with the help of his vicar bishop Sergius (Voskresensky) and the chancery, which consisted of a secretary and a typist.

In 1937, 59 bishops were arrested (and another 39 renovationists), 60 were shot. And in total, in 1936-1938, according to some estimates, about 200 bishops suffered as martyrs for Christ.

Ordinary clergy and laymen were also arrested - either on denunciations or on suspicion of anti-Soviet activity, as representatives of the hostile class. It is difficult to establish the exact number of people who suffered for their faith during the persecutions of the second half of the 1930s; different sources provide different information.

Hegumen Damaskin (Orlovsky), based on information from Alexander Yakovlev, who headed the commission for the rehabilitation of victims of political repression, provides statistics by year:

1937 — 136,900 Orthodox clergy and church workers were arrested, 85,300 were shot
1938 — 28,300 people were arrested, 21,500 were shot
1939 — 1,500 people were arrested, 900 were shot
1940 — 5,100 people were arrested, 1,100 were shot
1941 — 4,000 people were arrested, 1,900 were shot
As a result, by the beginning of the war, 5,665 officially registered clergymen remained on the territory of the USSR, and more than half of them lived in the annexed 1939-1940 years lands.

Thus, the second "godless five-year plan" was close to the goal set by the party. The war got in the way.

The Union of Militant Atheists existed until 1947 and transferred its functions to the All-Union Society "Knowledge". And in the late 1950s, a new "godless five-year plan" began (already during Khrushchev's rule).

More detailed information: https://fond.ru/materialy-o-novomuch...-period-374-48



The truth about dispossession: unexpected losses or a strategy of power, what do the figures show?
The dispossession and collectivization that began in the USSR in the late 1920s became one of the most painful pages of Soviet history. These are not just economic reforms, but a government campaign to violently destroy the rural way of life, which was accompanied by repression, famine, mass exile and the deaths of millions of people. Soviet propaganda spoke of a "great turning point," an "agrarian revolution," and the "victory of the socialist system." But behind these slogans was hidden the second civil war – the poor against the wealthy, the center against the province, the party against the people.

For many years, the topic of dispossession was not raised. It was only with the opening of the archives in the 1990s that it became possible to at least approximately estimate the scale of the tragedy. Researchers such as I. Kurganov and B. Ts. Urlanis noted the terrible loss of population and the destruction of traditional peasant culture. And demographers and sociologists, including S. Maksudov, S. Wheatcroft, and F. Lorimer, have made it possible to reconstruct the loss pattern using census data, regional statistics, and OGPU reports.

What do the numbers say? We will tell you in this article based on the research of Alexander Babenyshev (pseudonym Maksudov), a Soviet expert on the study of population losses in the USSR.

Absurd laws
The policy of collectivization was carried out with extreme violence, and its implementation was accompanied by inconsistent, sometimes absurd actions by the authorities. Agricultural management decisions were changing at an incredible rate. Just a few examples given by Maksudov:

In December 1920, the socialization of peasant farming was approved, and in March 1921, the NEP was introduced – a step back to a market economy.
The land is first declared the personal property of the peasants, then transferred to the collective farms.
The lease of land is allowed, but after a few months the tenants are already arrested.
Tractors are being introduced as a symbol of progress, but at the same time the authorities claim that they can be dispensed with.
Sergey Maksudov is the author of the study "Victory over the village. Demographic losses of collectivization" – indicates that the actions of the Soviet government during this period often looked inconsistent and even ridiculous, which only aggravated the chaos and suffering. In 1928-1929, fiscal pressure began: the tax for "kulak" farms increased sharply, and mandatory and "voluntary" contributions were added.

The farm tax increased from 18 to 28 rubles, and for 890 thousand farms classified as Kulaks, from 100 to 267 rubles.
The state refuses to purchase grain, and forced grain procurement begins. This exacerbates class strife in the countryside: bread is withdrawn from the well-to-do and redistributed among the poor, generating mutual hatred.

Kulakov's Exile: Utopia that turned into disaster
The next stage is dekulakization – the physical elimination of the well-to-do part of the village. Anything could become signs of a "fist": the presence of a mill, a hired employee, an income slightly above average. At the same time, the norms were very relative – on average, an income of 300 rubles per capita was enough, which did not differ from the income of an urban worker, but a rural one paid more taxes and had production costs.

The exile of the Kulaks to the northern and northeastern regions of the country became one of the most important stages of collectivization. According to the organizers, this was supposed to eliminate respected people, potential opponents of the authorities and economic competitors from the village. The collective farms received the land, livestock, houses, and tools of the exiles, and, in their opinion, were supposed to replace the kulaks as producers of high-quality agricultural products. It was also assumed that the kulaks in the new places would contribute to the economic development of the vacant territories. However, all these utopian hopes were not destined to come true.

The main result of the exile was the catastrophic destruction of agricultural production in the homeland of the exiles and huge population losses in their new places of residence. There is a lot of information about the life of exiled kulaks in Russian archives, and studying the changes in their numbers allows us to assess the scale of premature deaths as a result of deportation, mainly according to OGPU reports.

Open archives: what the numbers say
The opening of the Soviet archives has fundamentally changed approaches to assessing losses. Previously, researchers relied on the opinions of observers, eyewitnesses, classified information and forecasts from the State Planning Committee, but now numerous documents from the Central Control Commission and the Central Control Commission, as well as working materials from the 1937 and 1939 censuses, have become available. This allowed for more accurate calculations of losses at the regional level. Works based on old "sources", such as Robert Conquest's famous book "Harvest of Sorrow", were no longer considered reliable. During the loss analysis, the author cites the research of S. Wheatcroft and Frank Lorimer. They point out that the overall mortality rate during the famine years from 1931 to 1933 should be considered slightly higher than previously indicated.

"Only in Ukraine it was possible to talk about 3-3.5 million additional deaths, and in the USSR as a whole, probably 6-7 million."

Frank Lorimer's fundamental research was conducted at a time when Soviet scientists were deprived of such an opportunity. The expert noted the incompleteness of Soviet statistical information in the years after the revolution, when the new accounting system was just being developed.

In short, the authors note:

Of the total number of deaths over this decade (40.8 million), losses amount to 21.6%.
It can be argued that one in five died earlier than their allotted time during the period under review.
As a result of the calculations, an estimate of an increased population loss of 10 million people was obtained, which is 8% of the estimated sample. This is a huge figure, comparable to the losses of the Civil War.

Why was all this necessary?
Collectivization, like mass dispossession, did not only serve economic purposes. Its main task was to break the will of the peasantry, as the main pillar of the old way of life. As a result of all the upheavals, a new type of personality had to appear – absolutely dependent, submissive, intimidated.

This man no longer had property, did not feel responsible for the results of his work, was afraid to take the initiative.

The regime sought to educate such a "new person". Russian emigrant Professor Pitirim Sorokin, who founded the Department of Sociology at Harvard, showed in his book "Hunger as a factor" that starvation affects the entire human physiology, primarily on his mental and mental activity.

As Sorokin wrote, hunger destroys not only the body, but also the mind, making people susceptible to any form of manipulation and coercion.
Thus, dekulakization and collectivization were not only economic transformations, but also a deliberate policy to destroy the old way of life and form a new type of person – submissive, intimidated and completely dependent on the state. The tragic consequences of this policy have been felt for decades, leaving a deep mark on the history of society.



The truth about repression
Vladimir Putin on Stalin's repressions:

"We remember the crimes committed by the regime against its own people, and the horrors of the repressions. There are many things for which the Soviet leaders can be reproached"

"For all of us, for future generations, it is very important to know and remember this tragic period of our history, when entire classes, entire nations were subjected to cruel persecution: workers and peasants, engineers and military leaders, priests, civil servants, scientists and cultural figures"

Eight years for a rally: the verdict for one of the leaders of the Crimean Tatars
"Political repressions became a tragedy for our entire people, for the entire society, a cruel blow to our people, to their roots, culture, self-awareness, we are still feeling the consequences"

"We and our descendants must remember the tragedy of repressions, the reasons that gave rise to them, but this does not mean calling for settling scores, we cannot again push society to the dangerous line of confrontation. Now it is important for all of us to rely on the values ​​of trust and stability"

"This terrible past cannot be erased from the national memory and even more so - it is impossible to justify it in any way. By any higher so-called benefits of the people"

"In the history of our country, as in any other, there are many complex, contradictory stages. They are argued about, discussed, different approaches are offered to explain certain events. This is a natural process of learning history and searching for the truth, but when it comes to repressions, the death and suffering of millions of people, it is enough to visit the Butovo firing range, other mass graves of victims of repression, of which there are many in Russia, to understand: there can be no justification for these crimes"

In his opinion, "political repressions became a tragedy for our entire people, for the entire society, a cruel blow to our people, to their roots, culture, self-awareness." "We are still feeling the consequences. Our duty is to prevent oblivion"

Putin quoted Natalya Solzhenitsyn's words about the period of repression: "Know, remember, condemn and only then forgive." "I fully subscribe to these words. We and our descendants must remember the tragedy of repression, the reasons that gave rise to it. But this does not mean calling for settling scores. We cannot push society to the dangerous line of confrontation again"

How did this tragedy of our people become possible? Putin has his own version:

— Such tragedies have been repeated in human history more than once: this happened when ideals that were attractive at first glance, but empty, were placed above the main value, the value of human life, human rights and freedoms.

Now, the president believes, our task is to do everything so that what happened 70 years ago is never forgotten. "Keeping the memory of this tragedy, we must rely on all the best that we have, and must unite our efforts to develop the country. We have everything for this," the president said. Meanwhile, he is sure that in a healthy state it is impossible to do without disputes and battles. However, the main thing is that this process "is not destructive, but constructive."

On the eve of the elections, these words became a real parting word.

- Hundreds of thousands, millions of people were destroyed and sent to camps, shot, tortured, - the president continued. - Moreover, these were people with their own opinions, people who were not afraid to express them: this is the cream of the nation. And, of course, we have been feeling this tragedy for many years to come, - he sighed.

The scale of Stalin's repressions: myth and truth: https://topwar.ru/178958-masshtaby-s...-i-pravda.html


One quote prompted me to look for real numbers. Strange as it may sound, these were the words of none other than the main demon of repression, Adolf Hitler.

A compliment from the enemy
In one of his interviews on the eve of the finale of his last battle with Russia, this openly hostile character noted:

"The Wehrmacht just betrayed me, I'm dying at the hands of my own generals.
Stalin did a brilliant deed by purging the Red Army and getting rid of the rotten aristocracy."
(End of April 1945. From an interview with A. Hitler, taken from him by the journalist K. Speidel).

For various ideological reasons, politicians have pushed the very issue of the scale of Stalinist repression beyond the boundaries of good and evil.

Among other things, this issue was also banished from the field of real public discussion due to the myth of the cult of personality, which was inflated to universal proportions and exploited in a multifaceted, purposeful and effective manner by various historical figures and clans.

For example, Nikita Sergeevich Khrushchev was one of them.


I.V. Stalin and N.S. Khrushchev. January 1936

He, in fact, covered up his own responsibility for his personal contribution to the cause of repression with nothing more than campaigns to expose the cult of Stalin's personality. Inflating the bubble about the scale of Stalin's purges was an excellent tool that worked primarily as an ideal shock therapy for the people. But in fact, all this was just a screen to strengthen Khrushchev's own power. A smokescreen for legitimizing Khrushchev's methods and means of governing the country.

A little later in the 1960s and 1970s, the same tactic, with cries of gigantic repression and a cult of personality, worked against Khrushchev himself.

But in the 1980s and 1990s, the same principle was reanimated. The multi-headed dragon with the theme of countless Stalinist purges was once again taken out of the chest. Now, in order to overthrow the CPSU first. And then with the aim of destroying the country itself – the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics.

All this suggests that we have encountered some kind of social technology or even social engineering for mythologizing and constructing reality. And if so, then the question arises by itself.:

"And what was the actual specific number of those repressed?"

Let's try to see at least some specific figures behind the tinsel about the countless victims.

And, I'm sorry, for this, alas, quotes from world-famous opposition writers about the alleged tens of millions shot and executed in the USSR are not suitable in any way. Let's not take their word for it. Let's turn to specific documentary facts.

A five hundredth lie
Here is one of the interesting archival documents, which was previously, of course, top secret (and today published in the public domain), with a long title:

"Memorandum by the Prosecutor General of the USSR, R.A. Rudenko, the Minister of Internal Affairs of the USSR, S.N. Kruglov, and the Minister of Justice of the USSR, K.P. Gorshenin, on the number of convicts convicted by the OGPU Collegium, NKVD troika, Special Meeting, military Collegium, courts, and military tribunals for counterrevolutionary activities in 1921-1954." // GARF. F. 94016. Op. 26. D. 4506. Ll. 30-37. A certified copy.


State Archives of the Russian Federation. F. 94016. Op. 26. D. 4506. L. 30-37. Certified copy. Photo: school.rusarchives.ru

This document is dated, according to archival data, February 1, 1954.

This report was prepared for the head of state. And it named the numbers of those repressed over a period of 32 years. Namely, from 1921 to the date of the report, in other words, on February 1, 1954.

This document was drawn up and signed by the USSR Prosecutor General Roman Andreevich Rudenko, the USSR Minister of Internal Affairs Sergei Nikiforovich Kruglov and the USSR Minister of Justice Konstantin Petrovich Gorshenin.

This document shows that the total number of people convicted over 32 years was 3,777,380. The charges were brought by the OGPU Collegium, the NKVD "troikas", the Special Conference, the Military Collegium, the courts and military tribunals taken together.

Of these, 642,980 people were sentenced to death over all 32 years. 2,369,220 people were sentenced to imprisonment in camps and prisons for a term of 25 years or less. And 765,180 people were sentenced to exile and banishment.

The numbers are enormous. I agree. Of course, there were innocent people who fell under the repressive machine, and there were many of them. Where confessions were beaten out of people by force, by torturing them.

But they contain data for more than 3 decades. It was an extremely difficult and contradictory period in the life of our country.

These figures include revolutionaries, Leninists and Trotskyists, as well as other destroyers of the Russian Empire, who destroyed the great country to please the West. The victims of the Civil War were also included here. And all the traitors who served Hitler during the Great Patriotic War.

Of course, they included outright bandits, Banderites, deserters and even terrorists.

Let's repeat. The main figure from this document is that 642,980 people were sentenced to death over the course of 32 years.

A gigantic figure. But this is far from the "tens of millions executed" that the West is so persistently trumpeting, isn't it?

The difference between ten million and almost 643 thousand is an exaggeration of at least 15 and a half times.

The people need to know the historical truth. Even though it is harsh.

So, let's calculate how much this was on average per year. If you divide the total number of executed people by all 32 reporting years, you get that on average 20,093 people were sentenced to death per year.

If you compare this number with the opposition version of "tens of millions executed", then this is an exaggeration of almost 500 times (497.7). That is, we are being lied to on a five-hundred-fold scale. And we need to write about this.

To remember the truth. A historically recorded fact: on average, slightly more than 20 thousand people were sentenced to death per year. This is cruel. But this is the number that should be known. This is important as pure documentary truth.

But all the songs of the West and Westerners about tens of millions executed in the USSR are lies. Brazen and impudent.

And 17 executed commanders

In 1986, the now closed magazine "Ogonyok" first published figures on repressed commanders (1986, No. 26).

Today it turned out that the figures printed in this magazine (and immediately reprinted by many media outlets) of 40,000 allegedly destroyed Russian officers, and in just over 2 years (from May 1937 to September 1939) are also inflated.

Well, let's imagine how this could have been printed?

Here's how.

There was such a document "Report on the work of the department" for 1939, compiled by the head of the Main Personnel Directorate of the People's Commissariat of Defense, Lieutenant General Efim Afanasyevich Shchadenko.

On May 5, 1940, this paper landed on the desk of I.V. Stalin. (The text of the document "From the report of the Chief of the Directorate for Commanding Personnel of the Red Army of the USSR People's Commissariat of Defense E.A. Shchadenko dated May 5, 1940" was published in the magazine "Izvestia of the Central Committee of the CPSU" in No. 1 for 1990, pp. 186-192.).

So, it was in this very paper that this figure was. Which was cynically taken out of context and then waved like a red banner.

But let's return to the above-mentioned document.

It said that in the period from 1937 to 1939, 36,898 (that is, almost the same "advertised" 40,000) commanders were dismissed from the ranks of the Red Army.

Let me draw your attention once again – that is how many were fired. Not shot or killed.

Looking ahead, let us note that there were also shot officers among those fired. But only 17 people. By the way, in percentage terms, this is only 0.05% of the total number of commanders fired (36,898) during this period.

But first, let us return to the figures about those fired. Here is what the statistics of those expelled from service looked like by year:

1937. A total of 18,658 commanders were fired (13.1% of the total).

1938. A total of 16,362 officers were dismissed (9.2%).
1939. A total of 1,878 military leaders were dismissed (0.7%).
The following reasons were given for dismissal:

- due to age;
- due to health reasons;
- for disciplinary offenses;
- for moral instability;
- for political reasons.

Of the total number of all dismissed officers (36,898), 19,106 were “removed” from their offices for political reasons. That is, there were many political ones among those dismissed – 51.7%.

At the same time, in the published document, the author also openly states that most of these dismissals were incorrect:

“In the total number of those dismissed, both in 1936–37 and in 1938–39, a large number were arrested and dismissed unfairly. Therefore, many complaints were filed with the People's Commissariat of Defense, the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks), and in the name of Comrade Stalin.

In August 1938, I (E.A. Shchadenko) created a special commission to review complaints from dismissed commanders, which carefully checked the materials of those dismissed by personally calling them, visiting the sites of the Directorate employees, inquiries from party organizations, individual communists and commanders who knew the dismissed, through the NKVD bodies, etc.

The commission reviewed about 30 thousand complaints, petitions, and applications."

Therefore, in 1938–1939, of the above 19,106 "political" officers (thanks to the petitions and complaints submitted, as well as during the initiated checks), 9,247 officers were reinstated in their rights. In percentage terms, this is 48.4% or almost half. And this is very important.

Since almost 50% were initially dismissed for political reasons, but then almost half of them (25%) were reinstated.

Thus, of all those dismissed for political reasons and not reinstated, only 25% or only a quarter remain. Which is far from the initially discussed 40 thousand people, you must agree.

And now the most important thing.

According to this published document, 9,579 military leaders were literally repressed or specifically arrested out of all dismissed military leaders. This is 25% (out of 36,898).

At the same time, it is documented that in 1938-1939, 1,457 of these arrested officers were reinstated (or 15% out of 9,579).

And the saddest thing.

Of all the arrested military leaders, only 70 officers were sentenced to death.
And only 17 were shot.

As a rule, these were the highest-ranking ones. Of the five marshals - 2. These were Tukhachevsky, as the organizer of the Trotskyist military conspiracy. And Yegorov, who was accused of counterrevolution as a participant in espionage, as well as for preparing terrorist attacks.

Marshal Blucher was arrested with the wording as a participant in a military-fascist conspiracy, the consequence of which were unjustified losses and the deliberate failure of the operation on Lake Khasan. He died in prison.

Another five of the nine 1st rank army commanders (Belov, Uborevich, Fedko, Frinovsky, Yakir) were shot for similar especially dangerous crimes.

Conclusions

As a result, we should acknowledge the documented fact that from 1921 to 1954, 642,980 people were sentenced to death (over a third of a century) (an average of about 20,000 annually). Compared to the mythical "tens of millions shot in the USSR" declared by opponents, this is at least a five-hundred-fold exaggeration.

In addition, in 1937-1939, 8,122 officers were arrested (excluding the Air Force and Navy). According to official published data, in 1939, this was 3% of the total number of commanders.

Let's remember that only 70 officers were sentenced to death.

And of those sentenced, only 17 military leaders were ultimately shot.

Now, evaluate the cries of the West and the opposition about 40,000 military leaders allegedly executed by Stalin in a couple of years. What is this, if not a blatant lie? And an unlawful exaggeration of the facts by more than two thousand (2,352) times?

In fact, everything we are discussing today is a tragedy.

But its scale is mythologized and literally turns into fantasies far from the truth. The facts show that the executed 17 people from the officers dismissed in 1937-1939 are 0.05% of those same 40,000 who were removed from office during the specified period.

So who, one wonders, benefits today from such an astronomical and almost thousand-fold exaggeration of real figures and documented facts?

Excessive myth-making is clearly only to the advantage of those who are not satisfied with either historical truth or Russia itself: the West and the liberal opposition.

Translated for you by Russian Bear via Google and Yandex translator.

[Russian Bear]

Stalin's repressions - figures and facts based on data from historians


❌ In the West, Stalin was equated with Hitler a long time ago and for them he is the same executioner. Propaganda is a powerful thing.

They cited monstrous figures: 10 million, 20 million, 50 million victims!

They included all
❗ dispossessed kulaks,
❗ settlers,
❗ losses of the Civil War,
❗ famine

Solzhenitsyn went the furthest. In his book “The Gulag Archipelago,” which the West called one of the greatest books of the century, he indicated that the Soviet regime destroyed 66.7 million citizens. And this is without military losses!
Together with the Second World War, the figure of 110 million people was mentioned.

For such tales, the West loved Solzhenitsyn very much, even gave him the Nobel Prize.



In his figures, Solzhenitsyn referred to a certain professor Kurganov, who was an ordinary accountant. And he calculated his figures using the accounting method.

But Solzhenitsyn didn't care much about this. And neither did the West.

"The Gulag Archipelago" was written, in principle, not to tell the truth, but to, as they say, hype up and cause disgust towards the Soviet government.

➡️ First of all, let's define the term "repression" itself.

➡️ The Large Law Dictionary interprets it as "a punitive measure, punishment applied by the state".

➡️ Approximately the same definition is in other dictionaries.

Repressions have been, are and will be in any country in the world for espionage, sabotage, terrorism, murder, theft - for all violations of the criminal code.
Simply because the state is forced to defend itself from what violates stability.

👉 For example, when the Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor, the United States of America the very next day removed all Americans of Japanese descent from the West Coast and put them in camps in the Nevada desert. They sat there until the end of 1945 without trial or investigation.

👉 During World War II, Great Britain was known as the Island of Freedom. The French, Norwegians - anyone, just to escape from the Nazi yoke, tried to escape there.

But the British did not greet them joyfully, but sent them to filtration camps.

We also had a system of punishment by arrest before and after the revolution, like any country in the world.

But the main difference between the USSR and any other country is that special attention is paid to the period of the formation of power, which just happened to fall during the Stalin period.

And they try to point out that this is the essence of our state, that this is the main thing that happened there.

Moreover, the death penalty was abolished in the USSR under Stalin, when, so to speak, they dealt with the enemies.



And what is very important, this happened in any country where power changed.

Roughly speaking, one power group comes to replace another, and eliminates its competitors.

Just recently at the Olympics, at the opening, the performance referred to Marie Antoinette, the Queen of France, whose head was cut off after the French Revolution.

At that time, all of France was covered in blood. There, people went to watch heads being cut off in the squares every evening, like in a movie.

And it was after these events that the terms "terror" and "terrorism" became widespread in various countries.

❓ And who is the most cruel in our world?
⛔️ Naturally - Stalin.

❓ Genocides, slavery, wars - who surpassed them in all this?
❗️ The Western world!

Remember the same St. Bartholomew's Day massacre: 30 thousand people were killed in one day for religious reasons. But if somewhere there is talk about the infringement of the rights of believers, then naturally the Bolsheviks infringed, no one else and never.



As for any political persecution in the USSR, this is a destructive negative process at the beginning of the formation of a new government.

Revolution always leaves scars on the body. This is an irreversible process. As for the persecution of Orthodox Christians, this is a great sin that is condemned by the Russian people.

The Western world always talks about Stalin's repressions.

⚠️ They don't look at their sins and crimes, but purposefully carry out propaganda to discredit the Soviet Union and Greater Russia as a whole. Looking for any clue that can be inflated to incredible limits.

Yes, there are some historical negative moments that are important to know about when talking about the Stalin period.

Now in more detail.

In general, you need to understand about prisoners that it is not profitable for the state to support people who do nothing.

Until 1929, prison labor was not actively used. And only when they began to build the White Sea-Baltic Canal, without which, according to experts, the Northern Fleet would not have appeared, prisoners began to be forced to work.

And this is right, because if you ask the citizens of the country whether they agree to support bandits, the majority, it seems to me, will answer "no".

Therefore, in the USSR, the system of punishments was combined with the system of labor education - criminals kept themselves in places of detention.

But today the word "repression" is used in a specific meaning. We mean "Stalinist repressions", "mass repressions in the USSR of 1921-1953".

This concept became a kind of ideological marker.

And Nikita Khrushchev was the first person to add the epithets "Stalinist" and "mass" to the repressions.

He used them in a secret report "On the cult of personality and its consequences" at the 20th Congress of the CPSU in 1956.



Moreover, he distorted the figures, constructing his speech as if he was talking only about convicted communists.

This is how the illusion of an incredible volume of repressions arose.

Khrushchev covered up his responsibility for his contribution to the reprisals by exposing Stalin's personality cult. He inflated the scale of the purges - and this worked perfectly, as shock therapy for the people.

And an excellent basis for denigrating the USSR by the West.

Today, the real numbers of those repressed during the conditionally Stalinist period are not something secret. They are indicated in the certificate on the number of convicts from 1921 to July 1953, which was compiled for the same Khrushchev.

Viktor Nikolaevich Zemskov, a doctor of historical sciences, dealt with the documents. In 1989, Zemskov joined the commission to determine population losses and was given access to the reports of the state security agencies.

➡️ According to the 1st Special Department of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the total number of people accused of counterrevolutionary and other especially dangerous state crimes was 4,060,306.
➡️ This figure consisted of 3,777,380 counterrevolutionaries and
➡️ 282,926 other especially dangerous ones.
➡️ The former were convicted under Article 58,
➡️ and the latter under other similar ones:
➡ primarily under Article 59 (especially dangerous banditry) and
➡ Article 193-24 (military espionage).
➡️ And 799,455 people were executed during these 32 years.
*How many were actually executed is unknown, since not everyone's sentence was carried out.

Of course, the numbers are enormous. But they contain data for three difficult decades of the country's life.

They include:
⏩ revolutionaries,
⏩ Trotskyists and
⏩ other destroyers of Russia.
⏩ And all the traitors who served Hitler during the Great Patriotic War.
⏩ Among them are bandits,
⏩ Banderites,
⏩ Vlasovites,
⏩ counterfeiters,
⏩ deserters and
⏩ terrorists.
⏩ Article 58 punished anti-state activities in various directions.
If you took up arms at that time, then you and your gang were already undermining the foundations of the system.

Yes, there were repressions, but not on the scale that the West talks about. Yes, many innocent people suffered, they were forced under torture by the NKVD to admit guilt and take responsibility for something that the person did not do, since the heads of the special services did not do their job conscientiously, for which they were later sentenced to death. This does not remove the guilt from Stalin, he patronized them.

The reasons were different. For example, someone wrote a false denunciation, pursuing some selfish goals, and an innocent person suffered. And the Chekists were promoted up the career ladder for successfully completed work. Soviet organs dealt cruelly with Soviet citizens. So, along with the criminals, innocent people also suffered unfairly.

But I repeat: the main figure is 799,455 people.

And these are far from the “tens of millions executed” that the West so persistently trumpeted about.

The difference between ten million and 800 thousand is an exaggeration of at least 12 times.

⚠️ It turns out that during the reporting period, on average, 24,983 people were executed per year.

And it is important to know this figure as documentary truth❗️

Here you can compare the scale of political repressions in the USSR with other countries.

For example, with Franco's Spain.
In the USSR - 800 thousand death sentences,
in Spain under Franco - 80 thousand, or 10 times less.
But! The lion's share of death sentences in Spain occurred in the late 30s - early 40s, when the population was about 20 million people.

The population of the USSR at the beginning of the war was approaching 200 million, that is, a difference of 10 times.

Yes, in Spain there were 10 times fewer death sentences, but the country's population was also 10 times smaller.

That is, per capita, these figures are equal.
But they are silent about Spain, as well as about other Western countries.

⚠️ And again, I will repeat, the USSR was going through very difficult times: the Revolution, the Finnish War, the Second World War.

It is also a well-known fact that in the USA there are no persecutions for political reasons. Only there such crimes are deliberately classified as criminal.

⛔️ For example, in the USSR, Nikolaev - the murderer of Sergei Kirov, the first secretary of the Leningrad regional party committee - is a political criminal.
✅ In the USA, Lee Harvey Oswald (He is not a real killer) - officially the murderer of President Kennedy - is a criminal, although he committed a political murder.

45) 🎯(History, Conspiracy) How the CIA Killed John Kennedy by Blaming the US President's Death on a Lone Psychopath
https://projectavalon.net/forum4/sho...=1#post1664429

⛔️ In the USSR, spies were convicted under the political Article 58,
✅ and in the USA, such people are criminals.

With this approach, the Americans advertise themselves as a society in which, allegedly, there are no convictions for political reasons.

Zemskov also refuted the assertion that every second person in the USSR went through the camps.

In general, we often equate the entire GULAG exclusively with Kolyma. But this is fundamentally wrong.

GULAG - the main administration of correctional labor camps, included
➡️ camps,
➡️ various colonies:
➡ agricultural,
➡ industrial,
➡ for minors
➡️ and prisons.

Zemskov established that the maximum number of prisoners
was in 1950 - 2,760,095 people.
Of these, 1,416,300 were in camps,
1,145,051 in colonies, and
198,744 in prisons.
On average, the number fluctuated between 1.5 and 2.5 million.

Moreover, the majority of prisoners in the GULAG camps were criminals, and "politicals" accounted for less than 1/3.

Their percentage in the colonies was even smaller.

Khrushchev also contributed to the falsification of the issue, writing in his memoirs: “…When Stalin died, there were up to 10 million people in the camps.”

Even if we understand the term “camps” broadly, including prisons, then taking this into account, at the beginning of 1953 there were 2.6 million convicts.

For comparison: today in the USA about 2.2 million people are behind bars.

And in terms of the number of prisoners, the United States of America is the champion among countries.
Somehow not respectable for the world stronghold of democracy.

🚩 They also try to equate Soviet camps with fascist death camps, the same Auschwitz. For common sense, these are generally incomparable things.

Well, let's compare.
✅ Only in the period from 1936 to 1940, more than 1.5 million people were released from Soviet camps.
❌ But the prisoners of Auschwitz were burned in crematoria and gas chambers by the thousands. The path to freedom was closed to them.

*An interesting point: according to 1954 data,
➡️ among the free population of the USSR, 8.9 people died for every thousand citizens,
➡️ and in the camps and colonies of the GULAG, for every thousand prisoners - only 6.5 people. That is, less than in freedom.
➡️ The mortality rate in the camps ranged from 3.29 to 5.7%. Exceptions are the war years, when food rations were cut.

🚩 Another absurd judgment is that the GULAG was the basis of the USSR economy.

The Stalin period is called a Russian miracle in economic terms. In response, anti-Sovietists say: "What miracle? It was all built by criminals." Half the country, they say, was in prison.

➡️ Well, we have already figured out about "half the country" - a maximum of 2.5 million people were in prison.

➡️ As for the contribution to the economy, according to the calculations of Doctor of Historical Sciences Leonid Borodkin, the total contribution of prisoners to the economy did not exceed 4% of GDP.


The Great Terror 1937-1938

It was then that the scale of repressions sharply increased.

➡️ 1 million 345 thousand people were convicted on political charges, or 35% of the total for the entire Soviet period.
➡️ Even more surprising is the number of those sentenced to death. If there were 828 thousand in total, then 682 thousand of them (over 82%) occurred in these two years.

That is, if these 2 years are completely thrown out of Soviet history, then in fact, there were no repressions at all.

⚠️ This is very important to know!
For the entire Soviet period, 82% of repressions occurred in these 2 years: 1937-1938

❓ What happened during these 2 years?
❓ Why is that?
❓ And who is to blame?

Naturally, Stalin is blamed. Yes, as the leader of the country, he bears the main responsibility.

But let's see how it all happened.

To begin with, I would like to remind you that when Stalin took the post of Secretary of the Communist Party in 1922, this position was not key. The Secretary was one of many, a subordinate figure. He was critically dependent on the mood of other members of the Central Committee.

This is proven, for example, by the removal of Khrushchev or, conversely, the refusal to resign Brezhnev. Stalin received full power over the party, the army and the NKVD only by the end of the 1930s.

Before that, formally, local power belonged to the Soviets, since the party did not have legal powers. But the party bosses were elected as chairmen of the Soviets, and, in fact, they appointed themselves.

And then Stalin took a risky maneuver - he proposed to establish people's power in the country, that is, to hold secret general elections on an alternative basis.



According to Yuri Nikolaevich Zhukov, Doctor of Historical Sciences, the repressions in the party were largely connected with the new course of narrow leadership.

*Narrow - these are Stalin's supporters (Molotov, Voroshilov, Kaganovich, Litvinov), people who stood at the very top of the pyramid and made important decisions for the country on behalf of the Central Committee and the government.

The orthodox part of the party was subjected to repression. That is, those people who strictly adhered to the teachings of "Marxism-Leninism". Those who continued to dream of a world revolution, the preservation of class foundations and the dictatorship of the proletariat.

And here we need to touch on the topic of conspiracies.

The same Doctor of Historical Sciences Yuri Zhukov, based on the NKVD archives, found out that there really was a conspiracy.

And at its head were civilians and politicians:
▶️ Abel Yenukidze - Secretary of the Presidium of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR;
▶️ Yan Rudzutak, who was deputy chairman of the Council of People's Commissars for almost 20 years;
▶️ Rudolf Peterson - commandant of the Kremlin, and former commander of Trotsky's armored train. It was he who was supposed to organize the arrest of Stalin's group.
▶️ There was also a bunch of military men with them.
▶️ And Marshal Mikhail Tukhachevsky was put forward for the role of temporary dictator.
▶️ The People's Commissar of the NKVD at that time was Genrikh Yagoda, who, as it turned out, hid the threads of the conspiracy in every possible way.

From the point of view of the "Leninist guard", Stalin turned out to be a traitor.

He focused on the interests of one country, on building socialism specifically in the USSR.

All the oppositionists dreamed of a world revolution.

Stalin, who had already heard rumors of a conspiracy, took retaliatory measures. Arrests began, primarily of Trotskyists.

Yagoda was replaced by Nikolai Yezhov. It was under him that the NKVD began to gain strength, play its own game, and create imaginary conspiracies.


Yezhov, Nikolai Ivanovich

It was he who signed order No. 00447 in 1937 on the repression of kulaks, criminals and other anti-Soviet elements.

"Troikas" began to be created, which included local regional committees, prosecutors and people's commissars. They applied any measures of punishment, including execution. Without any trial.

At the same time, the leadership continued its course.

In 1936, a new Constitution was adopted, the most democratic Constitution of that time.



➡️ Thanks to her, for the first time in the history of Russia, alternative elections with a secret ballot were to be held.

➡️ There were several candidates for each seat, and public organizations could nominate them. And naturally, those who were already in power could lose this power.
And who was in power then? Those who seized it during the revolution. And they sincerely believed that they deserved to remain at the helm forever. And from their point of view, Stalin simply betrayed them by announcing the elections.

As a result, the party elite realized that Stalin wanted to get rid of them.

In fact, he directly told the American journalist Roy Howard: “Equal, direct and secret elections will be a whip in the hands of the population against poorly functioning government bodies.”

In general, Stalin wanted to leave only agitation and propaganda, that is, ideological work, to the party. And to hand over everything else to the Soviet authorities.

But the Politburo rejected the proposal. And in order to disrupt the elections, those people on the ground, in various cities of the USSR, began sending telegrams to Moscow, in which they requested limits — the number of those who could be arrested and shot. Allegedly, anti-revolutionary activity was actively flaring up in the USSR. That is, activity against the Soviet power.

Thus, these secretaries seemed to be saying: "What elections? Here again, a civil war is brewing, tsarism is winning!" This is where the repressions came from.

➡️ Robert Eikhe, in those days the first secretary of the West Siberian regional party committee, was the most zealous in the repressions. He asked to shoot 10,800 people.
➡️ In 2nd place (you won't believe it!) is Nikita Khrushchev, then the head of the Moscow regional committee: he demanded to shoot and deport 41,305 people.
*Some time later, when he became the first secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Ukraine, he sent a request for 20 thousand people.

They were simply executioners who wanted to disrupt the elections announced by Stalin through repressions so as not to lose their power.

They said that the NKVD was constantly uncovering armed underground organizations, that an uprising was being prepared. And therefore, in these conditions, it was impossible to hold alternative elections. Until these alleged conspirators were liquidated.

In essence, this was a blow to the lower and middle strata of the population and to those people for whom the people could vote.

So what happened?

80% of the repressions occurred at the time when Stalin wanted to hold elections in the country.

Those communist revolutionaries who came to power after the revolution became nervous that they would lose power in the elections, took offense at Stalin and began to convince him that there were many enemies, that it was necessary to fight the enemies, here, they say, are the lists of enemies.

It should not be forgotten that the party was too great a force, and Stalin could not challenge it directly.



He understood that he either had to leave everything as it was, or he would be removed as a traitor to the revolution and Lenin's legacy. Plus, by that time, Yezhov, the People's Commissar for Internal Affairs, was no longer subordinate to him. As the former first secretary of the regional committee, Yezhov was in cahoots with the rest.

And so the Great Terror began to spread across the country.

Thousands of people were sentenced to execution and exile without trial or investigation. Of course, those who had nothing to do with the conspiracies were also subject to the purge.

↪️ That is, Stalin launched the process of democratization.
↪️ The party bosses did not like this.
↪️ They staged mass repressions.
↪️ In response, Stalin directed terror against them.

For this, Stalin appointed Lavrenty Beria to the post of People's Commissar, who dealt with many activists. Too bad, not with everyone, and not with Khrushchev first of all.


Lavrentiy Beria

In general, Beria is today equally blamed for the repressions along with Stalin.

But in fact, he is associated with their cessation.

As early as November 1938, the “Beria” rehabilitation began.

▶️ In the first six months alone, up to 320 thousand people were released from camps and prisons. Including military leaders who later fought during the Great Patriotic War.

*For example, Konstantin Rokossovsky, who commanded the Victory Parade in Moscow in 1945.

▶️ Beria liquidated the “troikas”,
▶️ and arrests were now carried out only with the sanction of the court or the prosecutor.

▶️ What Beria did for sure was to carry out purges in the NKVD, where mostly illiterate Jews were sitting. Almost everyone was removed and replaced by institute graduates. Mostly Russians.
▶️ In the regions where the repressions were most severe, the Chekists who falsified cases were arrested.
▶️ Then the arrests began to decline sharply.

It is interesting that after Stalin's death, some of his associates tried to continue the course.

The head of the government Malenkov cancelled all benefits for the party nomenklatura: sanatoriums, personal cars, money in envelopes, the amount of which sometimes exceeded their salaries by 5 times.

But they began to complain about the "infringement of rights" to the Secretary of the Central Committee Khrushchev. He returned all the benefits and defended the officials.

And that is why Khrushchev outplayed everyone. He literally told the officials that they would live in clover under him: they would have money, and there would be no arrests - they could steal and live happily. That is why they supported him.

After Stalin's death and Beria's execution by the end of 1953, he decided to rehabilitate as many people as possible.

But it was all a bit difficult: in the first 10 months, the commission reviewed 250 thousand cases, and rehabilitated only 4.85%.

That is, 95% were convicted legally.

As a result, as was said, if you throw out these 2 years of political repressions that were carried out by the communists at the local level, then in fact there were no large-scale repressions in the USSR.

And even with these two years, to understand how the repressions affected society, you can read the work of the American historian Robert Thurston, who was neither a communist nor a supporter of the Soviet government. The man simply decided to get to the bottom of the truth, and he succeeded.

In the 90s, he published a study "Life and Terror in Stalin's Russia: 1934-1941".


Robert Thurston's book "Life and Terror in Stalin's Russia: 1934-1941"

The main conclusions are as follows:

▶️ the system of terror as described by previous generations of researchers never existed;
▶️ the impact of terror on society during the Stalin years was not significant;
▶️ there was no mass fear of repression in the 1930s in the Soviet Union;
▶️ the repressions were limited and did not affect the majority of the people;
▶️ Soviet society supported the Stalinist regime rather than feared it;
▶️ the Stalinist system provided most people with the opportunity to move up and participate in public life.

History does not operate with the concepts of "good" or "bad". You need to operate only with facts.

Stalin sought to limit the power of officials and tried to teach the people democracy.
At least to lay its foundations.

The years of the Great Terror are nothing more than resistance to the party bureaucrats. In a tense international situation, when the Second World War was just around the corner, which the country eventually won and became a superpower, precisely under Stalin.

Of course, all this is a great tragedy. But its scale has been turned into fantasy. And this is beneficial to those who are not satisfied with either historical accuracy or Russia itself: the West and the liberal opposition.

But the common people should know and remember this truth of our Motherland.

[Russian Bear]

In post-Soviet Russia, the prevailing view is that the famine in the USSR was the result of the brutal policy of collectivization and dispossession, and a number of other circumstances. An important clarification: the famine affected not only the Ukrainian and Kazakh SSRs, but also a significant part of the RSFSR (Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic) (especially the Volga and Kuban regions) and part of the Byelorussian SSR.

In post-Soviet Ukraine, the prevailing view is that the famine was organized specifically against the Ukrainian SSR "with the aim of pacifying the Ukrainians and preventing the construction of an independent state." One of the most terrible tragedies in the history of the 20th century affected more than just Ukraine.

The famine reached its peak in 1933, after the shock grain procurements of the fall and winter, when not only "surpluses" but also grain issued for workdays were taken from the peasants. To varying degrees, the famine spread to the territories of Ukraine, Belarus, the Caucasus, the European part of Russia, Kazakhstan and Western Siberia. The situation was most desperate in the Volga region, the North Caucasus (which then included Kuban), Kazakhstan and Ukraine, where excess mortality from hunger increased several times.

In many areas of the Ukrainian SSR and the RSFSR, there were cases of cannibalism, which were recorded by witnesses in different regions.

Reasons
There is no single cause for the famine in the USSR in 1932-1933. Rather, it is a whole set of factors, each of which individually would not have led to such horrific consequences, but together they caused a huge number of deaths.

Forced collectivization caused a breakdown in traditional relations in the village and a small civil war. Dispossession and the flight of peasants to the cities changed the appearance of the village. Hastily put together collective farms (again, in pursuit of reporting and beautiful figures) were poorly organized. Collective farmers quickly lost any motivation to work for labor days (workdays). Plowing the fields was often carried out for the sake of beautiful reporting without taking into account the real labor resources and their processing. Inflated plans came from the center, drawn up without taking into account the changed circumstances and taking into account the inflated reporting from the localities. When the amount of grain collected fell far short of the target, Stalin concluded that the cause was sabotage by disguised kulaks and plunderers, and sent grain procurement commissions to knock out grain in the main grain regions, which, in pursuit of the plan, began to take even the grain that the peasants were not supposed to hand over.

Peasant households were searched for hidden grain. Some peasants did indeed hide it, but most collective farmers did not have any grain in excess of the norm and were required to hand over to the commissions the grain they were given for their workdays or grown on their private plots, which put them on the brink of starvation.

How many victims?
The exact number of victims of the famine of 1932-1933 cannot be determined. Moreover, in most regions, famine was rarely indicated as the cause of death. Usually, death certificates stated that a person died "from stomach pains" or "from poisoning" (starving people often poisoned themselves by eating food that was unsuitable for this purpose).

It is also worth considering that a significant portion of the deceased died from various diseases. Against the background of malnutrition in the starving areas, the incidence of typhus and dysentery increased sharply. Depending on the views of researchers, the number of victims of the famine varies from 3 million to 8.5 million people. The resolution of the State Duma of the Russian Federation "On the Memory of the Victims of the Famine of the 1930s" names the figure of 7 million people.

In short, there's a theory that the Holodomor was directed against the Cossacks and people who disagreed with their own policies and didn't want to join collective farms and sell their products at low state prices. Whether these were economic miscalculations or targeted genocide against the people, it remains clear that people were deliberately starved, and the state and Stalin, who led it, are to blame.