Oftentimes when the Jewish Holocaust is mentioned in discussion forums, there are a series of responses stating or suggesting that the real number of Jews killed was dramatically lower than what we are told, that they were casualties of war rather than the target of a deliberate genocide, or, very occasionally, that the entire Holocaust is a little more than a gigantic lie.
The denier/revisionist arguments have always been based on certain inconsistencies, which, on their own, do invite a certain level of question within any person with a logical mind. That is the clever intention, of course, and it is not so different to the mechanism used to promote the conspiracy theories of today: highlight selectively an inconsistency or two, and then jump to a conclusion.
However while many contemporary conspiracy theories are put to bed quite quickly, at least for those with a fair mind and level of discernment, the revisionist ideas of the holocaust seem to have a certain longevity, and may even be spreading. Moreover, these revisionist ideas and suggestions are spreading at a time when they ought to be receding.
The problem is, and this is what fuels a lot of the casual revisionism, is that there is a certain plausibility to the figure of 6 million deaths being incorrect. This big, round number feels like a general estimate more than a precisely computed figure; since the chaos of war, occupations and the mass movement of peoples would surely make it difficult to compute accurately. And, if it was a general estimate, wouldn’t it be good to know the true figure? And, even more extraordinarily, what if some of the revisionists were actually correct?
I happened upon a fantastic thread in another forum, dedicated to this very question. And, finding myself fascinated, I trawled through that material, and other material, looking for what I hoped would be a clear, data based answer on the final death toll of the holocaust. It was an interesting, and deeply depressing journey, some of which I have decided to share here in summary. I don’t claim to be any kind of scholar on this topic and I can’t debate the issue strongly from a technical perspective, and what I found may not be to the satisfaction of any other particular person, but for the layperson who has an interest, these concise bits of information may be useful.
So, to begin, it turns out one of my sentences above is entirely correct – it has indeed been extremely difficult to compute a final death toll of Europoean Jews. But, it has been done. It has been done several times, with results becoming more and more accurate with the new information becoming available over the years. I mainly will give detail on the death toll estimates, rather than the question of whether there even was a deliberate genocide. An important source of my summary is the thread in the axis-powers forum, which I will link below. What made that thread fascinating was the participation, not just of a couple of informed and open minded people with a somewhat revisionist mindset, but also the participation of a noted holocaust scholar, Nick Terry. After sharing the highlights of this material, I will move on briefly to David Irving, to see what the other side is saying, so to speak.
- One of the earliest formal estimates of the number of European Jews killed in the holocaust was from Gerald Reitlinger, who arrived at an upper figure of 4.5 million. Since his work was, from all accounts, quite methodical, and since he wrote closer to the time of the actual events, some are tempted to use this figure to dispute the 6 million claim. I read that Reitlinger later stated that his numbers were too low.
- The great limitation of Reitlinger’s work was that it was completed before German records were opened up in the 1960s.
- Soviet archives on German crimes were made available in the 1980s
- Communist party archives made available in the 1990s.
- With these new sources of information, death toll estimates began to rise, truncated to 1 decimal place:
Reitlinger (1953): 4.5 million
Hilberg (1991): 5.1 million
Guttman & Rozett (1990?): 5.8 million
Benz (1999?): 6.2 million
You can see the country by country beakdowns summarized here: http://forum.axishistory.com/viewtop...33429&start=75 and these are not the only estimates.
- The biggest source of uncertainty in the death toll is in that of Poland and the Soviet Union.
- According to Nick Terry, who is an expert in the holocaust in the Soviet Union, at least 4 million Jews were killed in Poland and the Soviet Union, and over 1 million in the rest of Europe, leading to a minimum figure of 5 million. I will copy in below one excerpt, just to add a little more substance:
““total: ca. 2.8 million out of 6 million civilian dead [on soviet territory] (excl. Leningrad blockade)
The Baltic states and Moldovan figures conform to Western sources, the figures for the Slavic nations are significantly higher. Obviously the figures for the Ukraine include Galicia, those for Belorussia include the Bialystok district. Overall figures for Moldova were incomplete for comparative purposes.
source: Ilya Altman, Zhertvy Nenavisti, Moscow, 2002, p.303
for overall statistics, Pavel Polyan, Zhertvy dvukh diktatury, Moscow, 2002, pp.735-738
Figures include neither those deported to Germany, ca. 3 million civilians, of whom somewhere between 25-33% disappeared before repatriation, nor POWs, for which there are of course a host of other Soviet military casualty statistics and German reports.
Both authors, indeed most now working on the occupation of the Soviet Union, base their overall calculations on the investigations of the Soviet Extraordinary Commission (GARF fond 7021), which functioned by literally creating a committee in every single district (rayon - Kreis) and town beginning in many cases as early as weeks after liberation and continuing to work until 1948 and beyond. Thus the aggregated local information functioned as a kind of census of wartime losses.
The truly scary thing is how often German sources agree with the postwar Soviet investigations. These being not simply the infamous Ereignismeldungen but all the manifold other reports which catalogued killings galore of all kinds. Since there are so many points of congruence, it strengthens the veracity of those Soviet reports for localities where there was not so much detail in the German reports.
Based on current research (up to mid 2000s) the estimate of the number of European Jews killed is from 5 to 6.2 million. This is based on the work of thousands of scholars throughout the decades.
The thread goes through a lot of the numbers, the question of borders, relocations, double counting and so on. When you see all this laid out, it becomes very obvious that the figure of 6 million is not one that is fabricated from nothing.
You also see that it is completely normal for historians to disagree and to calculate figures that are slightly under 6 million (but certainly over 5). There have been occasions where the death toll at a particular location or in a particular atrocity has been revised down, removing the basis of claims that estimates are only ever revised upwards. The most famous example is the downwards revision of the number of Jews killed at Auschwitz from 4 million down to between 0.9 and 1.5 million. You will also see, in the axis powers thread, Nick Terry criticising Ariel Sharon for exaggerating, for political purposes, the number of Hungarian Jews that were killed.
I accept the figure of about 6 million as being correct. It’s a terrible number. But, after going through, and dwelling on, this information the most awful aspect was that ordinary, civilised, people carried out this organised genocide. Thousands and thousands of them, not just a few psychopaths. That tells you something very depressing about the true nature of human beings that is hard to reconcile.
For the sake of another angle, I decided to hear what the most famous, and much reviled, revisionist historian, David Irving, had to say. He revoked his claims that there was no organised genocide many years ago, making him a revisionist rather than a denier. That said, he still holds many deeply racist views, including anti-Semitic ones. A 2014 youtube video shows him speaking for about 2 h, seemingly in a hotel.
It’s amateur video and the audio is not fantastic. There is a very interesting passage in the video, just after the 1 h mark, where he discusses some new information that was recently discovered in an archive in the UK, an intercepted German communication. He states that he wanted it to be fake, because if true, it would give revisionists a ‘black eye’. He then reveals that the information is real, and that revisionists should no longer question the number of Jews that were killed. It’s quite an astounding section of video, for the greatest revisionist of all no longer, on the basis of historical documents, refutes the numbers. Ironic then, that it is now that we see, online especially, the revisionist movement and the questioning of the holocaust death toll actually gaining steam.
I don’t contest the claim that there are people who use the holocaust to further their political agendas, nor do I fail to realise that the holocaust does not represent the entire tragedy of WW2, or that other genocides do not get the attention that the holocaust does. To hold the belief though, or to promulgate the suggestion, that the number of Jews killed in the holocaust was nowhere near 6 million is, I believe, to ignore decades of research and scholarship. It is also an escape from the dreadful reality of the human predicament, and with that escape one also perhaps risks losing a critical appreciation, an insight into human behaviour, which is the one thing those with a connection to the holocaust urge us most strongly to understand.
Link to axis history forum thread: http://forum.axishistory.com/viewtop...33429&start=45




Reply With Quote